GrapheneOS Location Services
Should I enable WIFI scanning / Bluetooth scanning / Network Location under setting->location->location services?
Which one would help me navigate inside a building or underground using open source maps?
I haven't tested yet, does google map requires any of those location services enabled to work? Should I just use google map in vanadium?
thanks a lot
Sign the petition to get proton to accept Monero for payment.
change.org/p/proton-to-add-mon…
This would be really neat, however it's not trivial to sell those everywhere. If you're lucky to live in a country or even city where they can get those to, you're golden. If you don't, you're screwed.
Unfortunately, as much as I love the idea and tech behind Monero, actually accepting it is not practical at all, as the coin is used a lot for criminal stuff and is thus very strictly followed by many agencies. We don't know if they can break it, but even they don't, businesses can get a rough treatment just for accepting Monero. It's perfectly understandable if they'd rather not do it.
Monero payment option
I would love to be able to create a truly anonymous email account so I would like to be able to pay for premium accounts with Monero or Bitcoin.The Voice of the Proton Community
I don't think it's that easy. the CEO Andy Yen talked about this briefly in this podcast, it boils down to financial auditors not liking cryptocurrencies. he said even just by accepting bitcoin most of the auditors won't agree to audit their company, all the while they are legally required to have regular audits
optoutpod.com/episodes/protonw…
Proton Wallet w/ Andy Yen
I sit down with Andy Yen, founder and CEO of Proton, to discuss the release of Proton Wallet, the decision to focus on Bitcoin despite its lack of privacy, why they don’t accept Monero, and much more.Seth For Privacy (Opt Out Podcast)
another person here also highlighted that mullvad can already do btc + monero + traditional money, so I guess maybe it could just work that way.
interesting though, that mullvad had that for many years now, didn't it? and this podcast is not old. why did Andy say what he said?
Mullvad seems to have figured it out
Being that they still treat Linux as a second class citizen, I'm guessing they just don't care.
Just use trocador.app
No need to add extra work for proton when a solution already exists.
they're not gonna listen to it....
does proton want to be constantly harassed (aka investigated informally without charges nor warrants) by fbi, police, mi5, mi6, Interpol, Europol, etc etc via kyc laws and money laundering laws because a few hundreds/thousands petitioners said "do this"? they would receive even more requests for user data (which often don't require warrants in many countries btw) than they already receive.
or would they rather continue to enable millions of users to escape censorship while still making lots of money and only sometimes harassed by LE?
in other words do you think proton is a conscience with software attached? or are they a money-making company that has slightly better values than certain other companies?
(rhetorical questions. i know the answers already)
no personal offense intended.
IIRC, they've stated that they won't accept Monero because it means they would fail external financial audits they need to remain in operation in Switzerland. Sign all you want, they won't do this.
Plus - y'all, email is not secure anyway. Even Proton. Why would you sign a petition to make the payment method more anonymous than the service they provide? Just send them cash by DHL.
It can be pseudoanonymous if you use it that way.
If you login to it via tor for example and only use it to communicate to people who aren't related to your IRL identity.
Besides cash and mail is still much easier to track than Monero
If promoting decentralized censorship resistant private money makes me a criminal then I'm happy to be a criminal.
If you need to see criminals, just look up pictures of politicians and you'll find them.
That's the stupidest thing I've heard in a while. Cash I assume is bad as well? You know those paperthingies that doesn't register when hands changes? Saying you don't care about privacy cause you got nothing to hide is like not caring about free speech because you have nothing to say.
Also crime is a good thing sometimes. A lot of really bad things are legal on other side. And let's do a body count of all the crimes you can think of .
My counter "it was worth it" - M. Albright
Cash requires you show up in person to do crime.
Privacy and security are in conflict. I think privacy of thought and privacy of association are important (so social media and messaging) but privacy on where you spend your money leans a bit too far into the privacy side of things.
I admit crime can be a good thing. Piracy for example. But if you're doing crime for money rather than just for the love of the craft, that's where I draw the line.
Honestly what I do with my money is none of anyone else's business.
There was a time when this was the norm. What have happened is that its gone so far that people feel it's not a big deal and are happy to have their data har harvested without a thought. It is however fucking extreme to hear for someone just a few decades ago.
Go argue the privacy is bad to someone getting hormones or abortion pills. Or just shopping a book online and having Facebook match you, and your friends, up with your psychiatrist and sell all your data to highest bidder. Or get deported to an Ecuadorian prison.
Feeling you are safe when your data and habits are with the government and corporations are a privilege. A fake notion as well, haven't considered the fact that any data collected are available for sale or theft?
imagine the Nazis having all the information that exist on you , not even need to beat it out of you. Would be a lot different world then.
I do crime for a lot of things, money included, it pays for some mutual aid here among other things. If I could get away with it I wouldn't think twice of breaking the law for many reasons in many scenarios. Fuck I admire the guys that broke in to the airbase in the UK and fucked up planes that is legally used to commit genocide.
Legality is not a base for morality.
I was gonna respond, but after realizing you're going out of your way to be unnuanced about this I had second thoughts. I looked into your profile and of course you're pro-Russia.
Another one for the blocked list.
Cash by physical mail. Letters are traceable, bank notes are traceable, and physical objects you have been in contact with are virtually guaranteed to have both your fingerprints and DNA on them, no matter how hard you try to prevent that.
Cash by mail is fake privacy.
Cryptocurrencies are a waste of resources and gives might to those with computing force, that is the mighty.
There is no reason to inbosom it.
Let's rather effort towards moneyless societies.
While the international banking system is all run by a hamster wheel?
I don't care if the revolution happens tomorrow. Neither of us will se a moneyless society. Next generation perhaps.
That is your opinion and an opinion that we do not share. I agree with you that most cryptocurrencies are bad.
However, there are some real diamonds mixed in with the lumps of coal, and you should really try to find them.
If she's 70 years old then that's a good look.
....
....
Alright, I looked it up. She's 55 years old.
For all the putdowns of women's looks,
I would rather see this than to see Jeff Bezos marry a 25 year old.
I consider this to be a good trend, except for the bimbo lips and ~~possible~~ botox.
Whatever Oprah Winfrey did looks much better.
You can't expect the AI to make an authentic rendering of Chupakabra.
The Ruling Class Is Causing Collapse
- YouTube
Profitez des vidéos et de la musique que vous aimez, mettez en ligne des contenus originaux, et partagez-les avec vos amis, vos proches et le monde entier.www.youtube.com
Using the Internet without IPv4 connectivity
Using the Internet without IPv4 connectivity
A technical blog about Rust, Linux and other topics.jamesmcm.github.io
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Opioid pills discovered in US-backed food aid, Gaza authorities say
The Gaza government media office on Friday condemned the discovery of oxycodone pills reportedly discovered in flour bags distributed by “American-Israeli” aid centres.
“We have so far documented four testimonies from citizens who found these pills inside the flour bags,” it said in a statement, warning of the “possibility that some of these narcotic substances were deliberately ground or dissolved in the flour itself”.
Oxycodone is an opioid meant to treat severe and long-term pain, often prescribed to cancer patients.
The drug is highly addictive and can have life-threatening effects, including breathing complications and hallucinations.
The media office’s statement comes after several social media posts shared images of pills purportedly discovered in flour bags in Gaza.
I imagine that other news outlets don’t agree with the allegations of this being to poison people in Gaza. If someone was trying to poison the food, uncrushed oxy pills in flour is a pretty dumb and expensive way to do it.
People are sick and dying and are desperate for painkillers.
Also, smugglers have been trying to find ways around the blockades.
Medical supply / drug smuggling happens in every war. Addicts, and people who are dying and suffering from mangled limbs, want drugs.
‘There was just wave after wave’: Gaza doctors recount horror of the last week
About a third of all casualties admitted to Nasser hospital were under 14, as Israeli airstrikes broke fragile ceasefireJason Burke (The Guardian)
I imagine that other news outlets don’t agree with the allegations of this being to poison people in Gaza.
Other news outlets aren't there, they rely on feeds from the AP/AFP/Reuters cabal and their subsidiaries. So if those three don't pick the story up it doesn't get reported.
You're assuming that the uncrushed ones were the intention and not that there is far more crushed up in the flour and the ones we see didn't get processed.
Opioids are also one of the more common tools of spreading addiction in order to manipulate the people for a reason, it's effective.
They didn’t say that there were actually narcotics ground up. That claim was an unsubstantiated “possibility”
possibility that some of these narcotic substances were deliberately ground or dissolved in the flour itself
People are jumping to conclusions without evidence, and are ignoring the fact that this is one of the few paths in for smugglers, and there is a massive demand for painkillers.
You are also jumping to conclusions. The only fact is that there was opioids in the flour.
Neither of us know why.
I can't help but believe that the absolutely oppressive and evil genocide regime has resorted to poisoning the populace through the tiny amount of aid they let through.
You choose to optimistically believe that this is the result of smugglers accessing those same few aid sites and using them to smuggle needed medicines.
Idk why you're so dismissive as if this would be beyond the scope of Israeli evil.
Agree. Unless you find the people who did it, you'll never know what the motivations are.
That said, we have a lot of reporting that has shown smugglers have been looking for creative ways into gaza, and we have a lot of reporting that shows Israel's blockade has turned hospitals into a hellscape without proper painkillers.
If your mom’s dying from cancer or if Netanyahu blew off your brother’s leg, and the hospital can’t get you medical grade opioid painkillers, are you just going to do nothing? Or are you going to try to work with a smuggler to help them out?
Israel has created a meat grinder and isn’t letting medicine in to hospitals. Desperate people are trying to do whatever they can.
‘There was just wave after wave’: Gaza doctors recount horror of the last week
About a third of all casualties admitted to Nasser hospital were under 14, as Israeli airstrikes broke fragile ceasefireJason Burke (The Guardian)
Occam's razor.
There is a tremendously strong need to get painkillers into Gaza. And smuggler’s drones have been getting shot down. Aid is one of the few channels in. I would expect that someone is going to try to leverage that.
There are also addicts that are trying to have stuff smuggled in. Prime example of this is something as simple as cigarettes. There are quite a few articles about Israel stopping and intercepting people smuggling in cigarettes.
But poisoning or getting random people hooked on opioids? It was loose pills, and a more expensive opiate. If this was a scheme to poison or hook people, it’s a complex and dumb one. If you know anything about opiates, you know there are far better and cheaper to hook or kill people if that’s your goal.
That makes sense, I think I misinterpreted the second paragraph.
Because of the packs of pills being found, they were worried about the flour being contaminated?
Yeah, they were worried about flour being contaminated, and they implied that US or Israeli actors may have also crushed up oxy into the flour. But they didn’t actually test the flour to see if someone actually did that. They just threw out a hypothetical on social media, and people piled on without evidence to back that up.
And they kind of ignored the fact that Israel has created desperate conditions that smugglers are capitalizing on, and there is a lot of reporting about the smuggling and medical shortages.
It was in pill form. My money is on people smuggling meds for the sick and dying because they can’t get rationed meds from hospitals.
This wouldn’t be the first time desperate people resorted to smuggling meds during a brutal war.
If someone wanted to poison people, there are much cheaper and more effective ways to do that.
It’s a brutal war and medical supplies are being rationed, if they exist at all. When hospitals don’t have meds, or can’t give rationed meds to lower priority people who are suffering, those desperate people resort to smuggling.
I’m sure there are also addicts who can trade influence or high value items for oxy, but my money on this being for the sick and dying.
This always happens in war.
My point is that Gaza is a conflict zone with people who are suffering and hospitals that can’t get the right drugs through Israel’s blockade.
I’m not trying to imply that Israel’s isn’t being a genocidal actor.
The idea is to create widespread addiction and societal breakdown.
Israel and their US backers are pure undiluted evil.
MediaDRM identifier on GrapheneOS
Just a heads up for those who are using GrapheneOS. If you log into 2 (google or other) accounts on an installed app even on different profile, the service provider will still be able to link between your 2 accounts using MediaDRM. (Google will still know that both of the 2 accounts have been logged in on the same device)
More info:
- discuss.grapheneos.org/d/18315…
- discuss.grapheneos.org/d/9023-…
Not surprising
I always assumed this was the case. Hence why you shouldn't be using any apps beyond what's strictly necessary and obviously avoid classic corpo slop anything like Facebook etc
Browser can work but yeah there limitations like depositing checks.
With that being said... Its a fucking banking app, it already has your PII. Sandbox mode limits what it can get off the phone at least
Was able to get a different result using the media DRM toggle in developer settings
Verified results using TrustDevice
apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/index/a…
The other identifiers remained.
No appops or permissions change or prevent the exposure of other information.
Actually... Geto, can apply appop settings/values per app launch. And you can change the android_id value.
„TrustDevice Fingerprint“ – IzzyOnDroid F-Droid Repository
determining device uniqueness and risk identificationIzzyOnDroid App Repo
thanks a lot
can you explain what this option does? What is Force Software Secure Crypto? and what is DRM key management and software-basedwhiteboxcrypto?
Also I'm having a bit trouble understanding how Geto work, would you be so kindly to link a tutorial below? thanks a lot
So, the media DRM toggle switches from the hardcoded hardware ID to a software DRM. Creating a new DRM key.
developer.android.com/referenc…
Geto uses shizuku (an app that allows for adb/shell functionality) to change settings that are usually hiddden or inaccessible, or to give/deny apps permissions or features, or, as in the screenshot to change certain keys values. This allows you to change the environment and settings of the app on launch, and revert them on app close.
You can see all the current settings by using adb:
adb shell settings list [ global | secure | system ]Or in termux with shizuku:
settings list [ global | secure | system ]In the following screenshot I enter the shell using shizuku (rish) list global settings and find keys with adb. I change the value of adb_wifi_enabled (wirelese debugging) from 0 to 1 and set {1} as the default value.
Then I list again to show the change.
This is what geto is doing. But it assigns it to the action of launching/closing an app. While doing it manually via terminal set those values system wide.
Sometimes, though, you may want a system wide change (like if you want to change the accent colors or theme from RAINBOW to VIBRANT).
(There are other configs and properties you can viewed and modify using other commands.
(in shell try
cmd -l For a list of services. Some have user modable options. Be careful. If you don't know, don't touch.
Every setting can be searched . there are hundreds or thousands .)
thank you so much!
Would you recommend everyone to turn on this DRM setting? Is there any downside? This seems like a perfect option to prevent MediaDRM tracking and I'm suprised it's not default turned on
I wouldn't recommend anything.
This is only what I know.
There is much much much more I don't know.
This might be useful to use temporarily when you add an app that you know will read these values on install.
You may be able to use an app like geto to have this option toggled so that it only uses the developer settings option when the app is launched and returns to hardware when it closes.
Keep in mind there are a host of other identifiers on your device that can also be used to track and identify the user and device.
I like privacy and security.
thanks a lot
EDIT: turning this option on can only generate a random mediaDRM for different apps, but the same app will still have the same mediaDRM across different profile
so you can login to 1 accounts on google and also login to bank app they wont link you through mediadrm
hopefully someone could give a solution to spoof mediadrm for the same app across different profile
Seems the only real solution is to buy cheap burners.
Curious if using the website version of an app can pick up the mediaDRM key via the browser.
Curious if using the website version of an app can pick up the mediaDRM key via the browser.
I think no, best to use all app through browser if you can
Canada’s fossil fuel emissions will grow with new military spending
Canada’s fossil fuel emissions will grow with new military spending - Spring
On June 9, Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney made an announcement that finally obliterated his promise to end Canada’s old relationship with the United States.David Bush (Spring)
Trouble in Paradise: The Growing Public Distrust in Bitcoin Core Developers
cross-posted from: realbitcoin.cash/post/114645
There are people who knew this 10 years ago, this is why Bitcoin Cash was born.
Which Distros Are Doing Best Currently?
What Distros do you want to shoutout and why you think they are doing well/are the best at what they do?
I am curious what is out there and have only had some experience with Linux Mint, SteamOS, and Pop!_OS
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I would say that development is the one thing that can get very annoying on immutable distros.
Flatpaks can only get you so far (as seen by the VS Code Flatpak's limitations that have to be worked around). I don't even use VS Code, so I can get around that pretty comfortably, but I have to use Distrobox for a lot of miscellaneous developer tools, and even then, I still run into problems and I can't install container tools inside of the containers that I'm already working in.
Not to discourage you from trying. I can still get by with some dev work on Bazzite, but it's waaay easier to do the same dev work on CachyOS (Arch-derivative) because I can just install shit normally and it will work.
Mint LDME also fantastic if you wish to have a rock solid base.
It's doing great unless you want to debug why chromium is not connecting to your USB devices
Hint: because they forced snap in you which doesn't support USB access
I use immutable distros for the stability, and the nixOS approach isn’t for me.
You can install whatever you like using a tool called distrobox, which allows you to run containers easily.
I have an arch Linux container, and I have access to the entire AUR if I so please. I use that container to run Steam, and performance was the same as on Bazzite using the natively installed Steam.
The Arch derivatives, CachyOS and EndeavourOS. They’ve really done a good job with Arch and cultivating their own communities. It’s paid off for them and Arch isn’t really seen as just a hobby distro like 15 years ago, or a meme like the last 5 years.
Bazzite, for both general desktop use or dedicated for gaming. Just strength to strength from the project. I hope Fedora’s proposal to remove 32-bit libs doesn’t hurt them. By far the best, just untouchable, atomic distro.
Linux Mint for the first time in about 10 years is being seriously recommended to new users and not laughed off as a Linux Windows clone. That team has never stopped putting in the effort and deserve it. I don’t know how they’re going with/plans for Wayland, but I hope smoothly.
Fedora. I’ve never used it personally. But since starting with Linux in 2006 I’ve only ever seen or heard of it as kind of “being there” but not really talked about much. People are talking about it now as being a reliable and solid choice for new users and intermediate users.
Debian. I do see Debian mentioned now a lot more than it has been in years. I think people generally are becoming more satisfied with the idea of a stable OS, ages not writing it off as being left behind, constantly out of date, can’t run latest AMD graphics, etc. In my mind, flatpak helps that a lot, since you don’t need to wait years to get the latest versions of programs, but I don’t know for sure that is helping this current wave of success.
On the other hand:
Tumbleweed seems to be stagnating. They’ve made some changes and moving away from yast for the first in forever. The switch to selinux has affected proton usage in a way that it’s not super “new user friendly”. Even amongst people wanting to try out Opensuse, you often see “I’ll give Slowroll a try.”
PopOs’ cosmic desktop is still in early stages, and you do hear good things, but popos seems even less talked about now. They might have hit their peak 3-5 years ago, or maybe it will come around again for them like some of the distros above.
Nobara was massively talked up a few years back. But not so much now. And you do see discussions like “Nobara had too many problems on this machine, I just went straight-up Fedora”.
The other main hobby/enthusiast distros that were getting discussed more in the last few years - NixOS, Void Linux, Alpine. Not so much anymore. NixOS definitely did take off a lot more than the others, but it still just doesn’t come up as often as a couple years ago.
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Good summary. 👍
Debian. I do see Debian mentioned now a lot more than it has been in years.
I haven't noticed much difference, Debian has always been the go to distro if you wanted reliability and repositories that cover almost everything. Debian has always been an excellent choice for productivity. It's not by accident that Debian for more than 20 years has been the distro with by far the most derivatives.
By that standard Arch is the only distro that has achieved something similar, and it may be somewhat telling that SteamOS switched from Debian based to Arch based. Arch is way smaller in scope, and more nimble and easier to maintain. But AFAIK they do not have the democratic process Debian has, so I'm not sure it can really be called community based distro like Debian. Arch has more of a top leadership.
Debian is probably the most true to the Free and Open Source ideals among the big distros.
Oh yeah, there’s a big difference now in distro conversations.
Debian was never talked about as a serious contender in distro hopping, discussions around “best distro for me”, starter for new users, etc. Just an occasional; “of you’re going to choose Ubuntu, just pick Debian and go straight to the source”.
But it was often pointed out that Debians pros is what made it not recommended for general end-user. It’s strong for servers and productivity. But its stability meant kernel and mesa updates were slow, many programs lagged. Gaming performance suffers and new hardware support is weaker. It was recognised that Ubuntu and Mint would add convenience for everyday use cases on top of Debian.
Especially the early to mid 2010s was all about “bleeding edge/rolling release is too likely to break, Debian is too stable to get updates, pick something in between”
Now, this problem is being lessened, at the same time people are liking the stability for general desktop use. Bleeding edge became highly recommended 5 - 8 years ago, and now in 2025 people care less about that and it’s easy to make stable distros work for your needs just as well.
Now people will regularly say “use Debian, it’s solid and reliable” and not follow up with “you’ll have to deal with old packages though”
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I’m not discussing quality of distro here, but people’s changing perception of Debian over the years. The way that people currently use/suggest/recommend distros has put Debian more in favour than say 10 years ago, 15 years ago.
It’s always been good depending on use case, but people currently are recommending it more for general use than has been typical before. And I think it is, as you said, that some of those past limiting factors are not a big problem anymore. I did suggest that in my first post.
Debian was never talked about as a serious contender in distro hopping
Back in 2005 when Ubuntu was all the rage, the first alternative to Ubuntu was almost always Debian. Only later when Mint became a thing, that was also an obvious alternative, because it was similarly focused on being easy to use.
But we’re pre-dating the common distro hopping discussions
No we aren't, Linux fora were full of them even before Ubuntu more than 20 years ago. Debian, Suse, Fedora, Mandrake, Mepis, PCLinux.
Distro hopping was always a thing people debated.
The rest of that sentence is a bit confusing, who are we? And how am I supposed to read minds? And going back was kind of where we started, because you claimed it was a new thing for Debian. Debian was definitely recommended to general users, for many good reasons. Stability and huge repository among them, but also user friendly install procedure, and good package manager, that handled dependencies way better than Suse and Fedora.
Fedora has gotten much more stable and reliable in the past decade. 15+ years ago it was generally regarded as nice but unstable. I'd say nowadays for a moderately technical user it offers a better experience overall than Ubuntu or Mint. There are still unfortunately some pitfalls for new users (media codecs come to mind). In fact, the only issues i've had in most of those 10 years have been related to GNOME plugins or the Plasma 6 transition, problems that also occured on Ubuntu.
I have 2 computers: one running Ubuntu, one Fedora. This has been my setup for over a decade. I have lately been finding Ubuntu more and more cumbersome to use, with less of the "just works" experience i remember having in the past. Perhaps the focus on cloud computing has caused the desktop to languish a bit.
I would like to try Pop!_OS, but i haven't had a free evening for a while to do a backup and reinstall on one of my computers. It's also been a while since i used Mint, so my impression could be out of date.
The nice thing about Linux overall (compared to macOS and Windows) is that each update generally improves on the experience. On commercial platforms the experience gets worse as often as it gets better, usually both at the same time. GNOME and Plasma are both overall much better than they were a decade ago (despite a few regressions) while macOS and Windows are both worse in general.
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the performance will take a hit
This is not entirely true. Is there overhead? Sure. But, if the distro used for the container provides (somehow) faster or more performative packages to begin with, then running software within a fast container can be faster that running it natively on the slower host. Link to the comment in which the link to the above benchmark can be found as proof. As can be seen, the Clear Linux container performs better in 90% of the benchmarks. And, the Fedora container is only negligibly (so within margin of error) less performative than the Fedora host.
Benchmark: benefits of Clear Linux containers (distrobox) - Phoronix Forums
Hi all, after I've added support for Clear Linux containers to distrobox (http://github.com/89luca89/distrobox), I thought that it would be a nice experiment to show the performance benefits of Clear Linux even on non-Clear distributions.Phoronix Forums
While Void isn't exactly under rated ( it is very highly rated on distro watch for one ), for someone looking for a systemd free distro or a light weight one in general, it is a decent choice. The repos aren't as broad based as Arch but they do have newer versions of the software that they host.
I could be wrong, but aren't Linux Mint and Pop OS ultimately based on Debian? (Mint is based on Ubuntu which in return has a Debian base). Debian was my main entry way to the Linux world and there is a reason why so many distros are built on it. Very old as well (not as old as Slack ware but Slack ware isn't exactly noob friendly).
Mint is the best apparently
I use Arch btw
DistroWatch.com: Put the fun back into computing. Use Linux, BSD.
News and feature lists of Linux and BSD distributions.distrowatch.com
Wait, MX has finally been supplanted by superior options? Unbelievable!
(Still feels like an outlier when you consider actual popularity of distros)
NixOS by far has the most momentum right now.
Just check the non-unique package counts:
repology.org/repositories/stat…
More than 80K packages that exist in other distros, more than all of packages in AUR combined with 90%+ being the newest version in unstable
And you can run unstable without an issue since you can downgrade individual packages whenever
All those packages, but terrible/lacking documentation and LSP support 😭 And, yes, I've tried nixd and nil, and they're not even close.
I've tried to learn Nix multiple times, and even got by okay running NixOS for a year or so, but doing almost anything that isn't just adding a package to a list in a nix file or flake was like pulling teeth because everything is documented so poorly (or not at all). It would take me hours to do what I could have done in seconds with any other package management tool or configuration management because I'd have to scour hundreds of search results to find someone that did the thing I'm trying to do because there was little-to-no documentation for it.
Nix is a tool with amazing promise that could solve so many problems if they could get their documentation and LSP support up to the standard of something like Rust.
You can’t install shit on immutable distros.
Simply not true.
I'm not an expert but ...
- I think Fedora and OpenSUSE are the best (with Fedora leading). Well-funded and they take security seriously.
- Arch and Bazzite are filling specific niches.
- ReactOS and NixOS I think are in beta, but I'm not paying much attention to either.
- In terms of desktop environments I think KDE Plasma leads the pack. MATE is strong on accessibility though.
Ton of comments, and I havent read them all, but I wanted to ask if you really meant popular or if you wanted something for a specific reason. Easy for new ppl to linux, good for desktops, etc etc.
I dont really use GUIs on linux, except for when I want to have a fancy pants riced network monitor type situation. I am a big fan of NixOS except for python Dev stuff. Big fan of being able to clone a machine or recover a machine with a single conf file.
If the only thing holding you back from NixOS is my python comment, my issue was with Numpy, which really really demands that you install it globally. Pretty sure you can make it work by using a dev-shell, installing it globally in that shell, then doing everything else in that dev environment normally. I was newish to nixos at the time.
Otherwise I tend to fall back to ubuntu server, but only because it was something I knew. I prefered Centos7 back in the day before RedHat killed Centos. NixOS was my move from there. Been using Alpine as the os in my docker images, but havent really explored a lot of other recent linux os's at the moment.
We don't know and, let us be frank, due to the nature of the community, it is impossible to know... Distros could report the downloads but if it became a KPI, it will be abused right away.
Fedora is well funded and probably the best overall. Now, its ties to US and IBM/Red Hat will keep it constrain in growth.
OpenSUSE is a second contender in funding and best overall, but German branding has taken a deep these last years... I know the government actions should be separate but, in reality, is that SUSE as a company will be constrained in growth too, therefore OpenSUSE. Its community need to be more global too.
Debian is king still. Much of development depends on the previous 2. However, in spite of huge progress lately, still not the best for new Linux users. That is why Linux Mint, Ubuntus, TuxedoOS still exist, but their growth won't be much as Debian gets better and better, but always a step behind the corporate funded ones. For today
The Chinese Linux offerings are becoming well funded are very interesting... but there is a bridge to cross that most of the world still not ready to cross... partly, because there are reasons to be skeptical since the community developing it is highly regional, partly is just plain racism. It is a pity, because these would have the biggest potential for a mayor breakthrough with all that money and human capital pouring from different companies, but I don't see it capable of breaching that regional aspect.
Finally we have Arch. I see it better positioned for future than Debian TBH, but we are talking 5 years down the line. It won't be Arch though, it will be some new variant like CachyOS is doing today that brings Arch to the public... maybe KDE's new bet?!
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I haven't play much with them but this is my take:
Deepin. (Just released v25) Based on Debian. Community distro. Very well done and very modern look. It is heavy though and the beta I tried had glitches. Being primarily developed in Chinese though one can tell English was added later. If they only dedicated a bit more effort on languages it would be amazing. It is as much different from Linux Mint as it gets... for better or for worse, but I like their take.
Ubuntu Kylin. Institutional cooperation with Canonical. Haven't tried it. It is just Ubuntu catering their offer to the Chinese market. If you like Ubuntu's or Mint and you language is Chinese, this is for you.
OpenKylin. Fully Independent (No Debian, Arch...). Community distro. Its usage for now seems to be more for institutions though.
There are others but for niches.
China, of course, it want to get independent from MS and Apple so in the next years is going to push heavily for alternative OS so it will be interesting to see what, and for sure, our FOSS community will benefit from that as DeepSeek benefited the AI.
Q: Would a normal system (read: I'm not talking about Guix System or NixOS) allow you to install multiple branches/versions of the same software natively without introducing a lot of headaches?
A: No. This is literally unsupported.
Then, if using containers (or any other similar platform) allows one to breach that limitation, would it be fair to call containers (and their like) to be strictly limited/limiting in customization?
- Peeps that are maintaining packages probably have to deal with this every once in a while as well. Especially if the packaged software relies on some very niche (and possibly questionable) dependencies*. To point towards one of the most openly discussed cases of this, consider watching by Brodie in which the takedown of the unofficial packages of Bottles is being discussed.
- E.g. whenever one tries to compile software themselves OR install/use them as/from binaries/tarballs.
- E.g. installing packages as PPAs or other third party repositories (like e.g. the AUR) can also come with dependency hell and are often the reason why breakage occurs.
- YouTube
Profitez des vidéos et de la musique que vous aimez, mettez en ligne des contenus originaux, et partagez-les avec vos amis, vos proches et le monde entier.www.youtube.com
Excellent choice fam! However, as much as I adore Fedora Kinoite, it might not provide the best onboarding 😅. If you're fine with that, then please feel free to go ahead and embark on your journey. However, I would suggest you to at least look into uBlue's offerings:
- All operate within the paradigm of providing a so-called "batteries-included" product. So, going through the whole mumbo jumbo of RPM Fusion's Howtos to see what's relevant for you to apply and painstakingly waiting for them to be applied can be skipped.
- Furthermore, based on your precise needs, you can choose to adopt more opinionated variants:
- Aurora is their general use KDE variant
- Bazzite, on the other hand, is their game ready variant that defaults to KDE
- Or, if you prefer a minimal installation, you can choose to install their base images instead. These basically offer Fedora's images (including Kinoite) with the absolute minimal of hardware enablement and other essential uBlue goodies.
- If you are a system crafter at heart, then perhaps you're more attracted towards creating your own bootc image. This can be achieved by uBlue's own image-template OR through the community-effort in BlueBuild.
Regardless, fam, enjoy! And please consider to report back on your findings 😉! I would love to read your adventures of venturing the exotic waters of Fedora Atomic 😊!
Universal Blue - Powered by the future, delivered today
Universal Blue manufactures a diverse set of operating system images to provide the the reliability of a Chromebook, but with the flexibility and power of a traditional Linux desktop.universal-blue.org
Apologies for the 'spam', but I was afraid editing my previous message would be in vain. If you desire/crave for decent documentation, then Bazzite deserves another endorsement. While its documentation isn't as expansive as the excellent ArchWiki, it should be more than able to answer your questions.
Secondly, if you happen to come across an issue that has been painstakingly difficult to resolve, then please consider consulting its many community channels for support. There's a Discourse, a Discord and an AnswerOverflow. So pick your poison 😉. FWIW, I've always had great experiences on their Discord.
Garuda absolutely nails it with their helper app that sets you up with a choice of popular software, handles updates, and gives you easy access to common settings.
It makes it very approachable for people new to Linux.
Tekte türkçe konuştuğumu bildin.
Ee, ne demişler: Tek akıllı sen değilsin 😉.
Immutable dağıtımlardan birini şu an ki Fedora KDE ile dualboot edeceğim
Eyv, ama dikkat et, o iş biraz karışık bir mesele. Şu bulduğum iki kaynağa mutlaka başvur ki güzelim sistemin b*k uğruna güme gitmesin.
yoksa beni bir yerden tanıyor musun?
Yoo. Sadece "Bu eleman hangi distro'yu kullanıyor acaba?" diye merak edip profiline göz atınca fark ettim ki... meğer babacan Türkiyeliymiş.
Dual Booting Windows 11 and Fedora Silverblue / Kinoite - how to shrink my Windows partition and where to go from there?
Hello, I'm quite new to the idea of dual-booting, and I have a new Lenovo Legion Slim 7 which I would like to dual-boot on.t.lemmy.dbzer0.com
I daily drive Fedora and I think it has the best Gnome desktop.
But in terms of "best at what they do" I'm blown away by Mint as an apporoachable easy to use "just works" OS. It instantly became my recommendation to new linux converts. Everything is easy to set up. It's remarkably user friendlly. Good software store, flatpack support out of the box. Brilliant hardware support. I like the aesthetics as well.
I have an old Core 2 machine and I tried to get every potato grade distro running on it. I tried Puppy, and Linux Lite, and AntiX and all the "this will run on your toaster" type distros and had problems with every one of them. Mint XFCE installed no problem. It ran beautifully. I pressed my luck and installed a Quadro K620 and an old firewire card (trying to back up old Mini-DV videos). It handled ancient hardware perfectly. Butter smooth 1440p desktop computing and light video editing on an 18 year old machine.
NixOS is amazing, but it's also got a crazy learning curve. Once you grok it though, it really changes the way you configure your computer.
Fedora is always my favorite big name distro, they're constantly pushing the envelope and adopting new features that need some stability and exposure to mature.
I'm currently using Pop!_OS, which is a great desktop distro.
I was using MX Linux a lot which is amazing for both times when you need a portable distro with lots of features and when you need something that will still run well on older machines.
self-hosted i2p+qbittorrent beginner quickstart
Thought I would share my simple docker/podman setup for torrenting over I2P. It's just 2 files, a compose file and a config file, along with an in-depth explanation, available at my repo codeberg.org/xabadak/podman-i2… And it comes with a built-in "kill-switch" to prevent traffic leaking out to the clearnet. But for the uninitiated, some may be wondering:
What is I2P and why should I care?
For a p2p system like bittorrent, for two peers to connect to each other, at least one side needs to have their ports open. If one side uses a VPN, their provider needs to support "port forwarding" in order for them to have their ports open (assuming everything else is configured properly). If you have ever tried to download a torrent with seeders available, yet failed to connect to any of them, your ports are probably not open. And with regulators cracking down on VPNs and forcing providers like Mullvad to shut down port forwarding, torrenting over the clearnet is becoming more and more difficult.
The I2P network doesn't have these issues. The I2P is an alternative internet network where all users are anonymous by default. So you don't need a VPN to hide your activity from your ISP. You don't need port-forwarding either, all peers can reach each other. And if you do happen to run a VPN on your PC, that's fine too - I2P will work just the same. So if you're turning your VPN on and off all the time, you can keep I2P running throughout, and continue downloading/uploading.
I2P eliminates all the complications and worries about seeding, making it easy for beginners to contribute to the network. I2P also makes downloading easier, since all peers are always reachable. And it's more decentralized too, since users don't need to rely on VPN providers. And of course, it's free and open source!
A fair warning though, I2P is restricted in some countries. And in terms of torrenting specifically, torrents have to explicitly support I2P. You can't just take any clearnet torrent and expect it to work on I2P. And the speeds are generally lower since there are less seeders, and the built-in anonymity has a cost as well. However I've been surprised at the amount of content on the I2P network, and I've been able to reach 1 MB/s download speeds. It's more than good enough for me, and it will only get better the more people join, so I hope this repo is enough for people to get started.
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podman network create --internal ... and podman run ..., but it's definitely doable in an hour or so.
I really want to build an i2p router, and have started a couple times, but the lack of control of what goes through my hardware stops me every time. It's a cool project and, sadly, looking more necessary every year.
It's weird I don't have these hang ups for other systems. Running a meshcore node doesn't give me the willies. Just for i2p I worry how much csam is going through my router.
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Agreed. I'll get over myself one day and build one. For now Airvpn supports port forwarding at an affordable (to me) price, so I let them deal with the moral dilemma.
It's coming though, i2p is where my server is headed, even if I keep a VPN up too.
looks easy enough, will try, thank you.
tbh, looked at the thing some while back and noped out when I saw "java" in there; absolutely irrational, I know - just can't stand the thing. cool that there's an alternative.
I remember reading about I2P back in the day. I am old school. If my old memory serves me correctly, I think there are some vulnerabilities with using I2P instead of say a VPN? (Now, I am going to have to go down that rabbit hole again to refresh my memory.)
Edit to add;
The list below describes some of I2P’s main disadvantages.
- Complex configuration process: It necessitates a drawn-out installation procedure and specific browser settings.
- Must-have logging: The I2P user interface must be logged in for users to access their material.
- Severe vulnerabilities: Over 30,000 users were made vulnerable by a zero-day vulnerability that I2P experienced in 2014. Later, a 2017 study found that several more I2P flaws may also be exploited.
- A much tiner user base than TOR: As a result, I2P has fewer network nodes and servers and is more open to intrusions.
- Less anonymity when browsing indexed sites: I2P does not ensure that users' browsing of indexed sites is completely anonymous. The use of VPN services may be able to address this issue.
There was an exploit last May, however, if one is not able to fork over money for a VPN, I2P is a good alternative for a free option.
The Invisible Internet Project (I2P) - A Brief Explanation
Explore the world of I2P, the Invisible Internet Project, a powerful Dark Web technology ensuring privacy and censorship-resistant communication.Cyber Shop Cyprus
Thanks for the info, I would not claim to be an expert about I2P so some of this is definitely new to me. Though I think the situation has improved quite a bit.
Complex configuration process: It necessitates a drawn-out installation procedure and specific browser settings.
If you just want I2P without the torrenting, you can use the official I2P router, which is just an HTTP proxy that runs on your PC, just like Tor. The 3rd-party router used in my guide, i2pd, has a Flatpak as well. So as far as installing the router goes, it's a few clicks. You are correct that it does require configuring the browser though, you are correct. This is explained in my guide and also on the official website. Not as easy as clicking an "Install" button, but only takes around 5 minutes. I wish there were an official I2P browser like the Tor browser though.
Must-have logging: The I2P user interface must be logged in for users to access their material.
Not sure what you mean by this. I've never had to log into anything to set up I2P.
Severe vulnerabilities
I have no doubt. But Tor has had many vulnerabilities too. Both have gotten much better over time.
A much tiner user base than TOR: As a result, I2P has fewer network nodes and servers and is more open to intrusions.
Definitely true. In fact it makes me suspicious how fast TOR is despite how many users there are, and how the relatively high requirements to be a relay (not to mention an exit node). AFAIK TOR is heavily reliant on rich and generous patrons, which makes me wonder about the motives of these patrons. I believe I2P has the potential to be much more decentralized, since every user is expected to also be a router, and Techlore has also raised this point (though I don't have the video on me right now).
Less anonymity when browsing indexed sites: I2P does not ensure that users’ browsing of indexed sites is completely anonymous. The use of VPN services may be able to address this issue.
I didn't know this. What are indexed sites?
GitHub - PurpleI2P/i2pd: 🛡 I2P: End-to-End encrypted and anonymous Internet
🛡 I2P: End-to-End encrypted and anonymous Internet - PurpleI2P/i2pdGitHub
And in terms of torrenting specifically, torrents have to explicitly support I2P. You can't just take any clearnet torrent and expect it to work on I2P.
are you sure about that? for public torrents you just add the postman tracker and done. if libtorrent gets support for DHT over I2P, even that won't be needed
A fair warning though, I2P is restricted in some countries.
And that list is almost identical with Naughty-no-gift-from-Santa list.
i2pd.conf file in my repo as a reference, just make sure to use 127.0.0.1 instead of 0.0.0.0 so that only applications running on your computer would be able to access i2pd (0.0.0.0 is only needed for docker). Then you would configure your browser and qbittorrent the same way detailed in my repo, except make sure to enable "mixed" mode so that your torrents are seeding over both clearnet and I2P. Lastly, even though you'll be seeding your torrents over I2P, nobody will be able to find them unless you post them to an I2P tracker like Postman. I don't know how to submit torrents to Postman so you're on your own for that one
Thank you! I just randomly found your guide in another Lemmy post and this kind of setup has been in my to-do list after I became "pro" with gluetun and qbitorrent (inside Docker) and thought the same could be done for i2pd but haven't had the time.
I have some questions
- I have been very happy about qbitorrent finally opening to i2p but recently found out that because it is using libtorrent it doesn't support DHT for i2p (while the official i2psnark client does). Don't you think is better at this point to still use i2psnark (and you would have the commodity to also have the browser included?) despite being in Java...
- For some reason, I would still feel insecure in using i2p without a VPN. It is said there is no need, ok, but what if I still want to use it. I guess it shouldn't harm? Like affecting speed or other factors? I would like to remove as much as possible any chance of my ISP sniffing on my connections.
PS: I have an improvement for your guide 😁You could add an extra container with Mullvad-Browser (still from linuxserver) to access Postman.
Dragon Age: Veilguard lead level designer Brian J. Audette responds to criticisms on Bluesky: "We couldn't have made a _better_ Dragon Age, only a _different_ one."
In a response to an article written for Bloomberg by Jason Schreier investigating the ten year "development turmoil," lead level designer Brian J. Audette refutes the notion that the game was "compromised" in a post on their bluesky account.
The full post reads:
Reposting without comment except: I refute that we made a bad or compromised game. We made the best version of what we released, warts and all. I'm damn proud of it and the team. We couldn't have made a better Dragon Age, only a different one.
Brian J. Audette (@bjaudette.bsky.social)
Reposting without comment except: I refute that we made a bad or compromised game. We made the best version of what we released, warts and all. I'm damn proud of it and the team. We couldn't have made a _better_ Dragon Age, only a _different_ one.Bluesky Social
Support / options for laptop in tablet mode?
I installed Linux Mint on my Lenovo Yoga 7 laptop and it's been great, with the one exception of not really having a tablet mode when I flip the screen. Its not a huge deal, but I watch shows that way and sometimes miss an on-screen keyboard.
The actual keyboard stays active when flipped, which is fine until I pick it up or have it on my lap and accidentally hit some random key.
It seems from some looking around that Mint doesn't do great with this and I'm open to a different distro that's fairly beginner friendly, but even better if there are some options I'm missing to keep what I have.
Nobara, Garuda, Bazzite.... wait actually CachyOS and Solus
I've been using Pop!_OS for a few years now, and it's worked like a dream. Everything works out-of-the-box, and gaming on Linux has never been easier. But it almost works a little too well. Learning Linux as opposed to Windows for all my games was a fun challenge.
But, now that I'm familiar with how to set up any game that needs a little help besides Proton, I'm starting to want to delve into my OS more to see what I can customize, and I think picking a new distro with slightly different architechture will be very nice.
Don't get me wrong, I still want something that works by itself more often than not. But I would love to have something a little more cutting-edge that gives me a little more control.
I started with Linux by installing Kubuntu, and I really miss KDE Plasma. I know Kubuntu is still on Plasma 5, and I've been wanting to find a distro that lets me use Plasma 6.
I've narrowed my choices down to three distros: Nobara, Garuda, and Bazzite.
So far, I've confirmed that Nobara and Garuda come with Plasma 6, but I haven't found that information for Bazzite yet.
So, what do you think about these distros? What are the pros and cons for you?
I'm leaning the most toward Garuda - but I'm worried Arch may be TOO big of a leap. I really just learned that Fedora is not Arch-based, so I know Garuda will be a bit of the odd one out of the three.
TL;DR: Nobara, Garuda, Bazzite - which one is good and do any suck?
EDIT:
Thanks, everyone, for the insightful and helpful comments! From what everyone has said, I've come to find that either CachyOS or Solus will fit my needs best.
CachyOS seems optimized for gaming, while Solus' curated rolling releases seem (to my untrained eye at least) to be somewhat of a step between the way Debian-based distros upgrade and the way Arch-based distros upgrade.
I'd love to hear people's experiences with both of these! I think I'm going to try to dual-boot them and see what setup looks like for both.😄
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Bazzite has the latest KDE, yeah, currently reading 6.4 on the latest version. Nobara broke on upgrades for me (I did nothing crazy, basic install and basic upgrade process), bazzite is rock solid and built on a good base (fedora atomic). In general, I fully recommend immutable atomic distros for noobies it all just works and it helps teach you important lessons on data security and containerization
The best thing about atomic linux images like Bazzite is if for whatever reason Bazzite stops releasing new versions you can rebase to a different "distro" and itll have all of your user data and configs intact with a single simple command. With things like Nobara or Garuda, if there is a problem you essentially have to do a clean install.
edit:
And as for Arch, Linux mint, etc., I personally find these distros and advice to be outdated. Upgrades can often break in many smaller linux distros and it is very important to have a strong and reproducible method of upgrading, especially for new users. VanillaOS and Fedora Atomic are currently the most user friendly ways to achieve flawless upgrades.
I was reading into atomic distros just now. Is the rebase feature the main thing that sets atomic desktops apart?
I'm not too worried about having to troubleshoot. Nobara has been appealing to me because it's developed by the Proton guy.
How does an atomic distro help teach containerization and data security as compared to a traditional distro?
Is the rebase feature the main thing that sets atomic desktops apart?
Atomic and immutable distros essentially attempt to make each version on every computer act exactly the same to help devs with debugging. This means they shut down a lot of easy access to core system files, instead you have to use special commands to layer new changes onto your distro. These are automatically re-applied every time you upgrade, reducing the chance of breakage.
Rebasing is a fun consequence of this. Fedora Atomic images (re: things like Bazzite, Secureblue, Kinoite, etc) can be swapped out with a simple command or two. If a dev does something you don't like, you can easily swap to a different image without having to do a full migration.
I’m not too worried about having to troubleshoot. Nobara has been appealing to me because it’s developed by the Proton guy.
Most of the kernel mods from nobara are applied on Bazzite. Bazzite and CachyOS afaik contribute to the same set of code there.
How does an atomic distro help teach containerization and data security as compared to a traditional distro?
Since you cannot easily modify system files, you need to use containers to make certain very technical (and often insecure) things work. DistroBox is the main method for this, and as a plus side, it lets you install programs with commands from any distro. I can use the AUR (an arch linux feature) on Bazzite (Fedora atomic) with DistroBox if i want, for example. There are some other things that come preinstalled on Bazzite that help with this, such as flathub and brew.sh
Correct. Atomic distros don’t apply the update, unless it is ready to be applied successfully all together, usually with an option to restore the previous state, without the need of something like btrfs snapshots.
With Nix(-OS) as an example - your bootloader entry is just a reference a giant list of what you need to get out of the Nix store, to achieve the config you want. Many of those can coexist in the same system as a result, including different versions of the same package
This setup won’t really teach you anything different in relation to containers though.
If you want to play with Atomic distros I'd recommend you do that in a virtual machine in KVM first. They are quite restricting which is good for the distro developers to make consistent releases and experiences for users, and secure, but not necessarily the best option for tech savvy users.
There are ways around the restrictions but you can reach points where the compromises you have to make are too frustrating. If you find that out late down the line after setting up your desktop it can be very annoying. Also I do use Flatpak, but it's not the most efficient way to run software. Atomic distros have more overhead due to the need to use flatpaks or distrobox and the like to get everything you might want.
Atomic distros are a neat idea but I personally love tweaking every element of my install and optimising or customising it. So I use a rolling release distro, have my home folder on a separate partition, and back up regularly.
Preface: I don't have any experience with Garuda or Nobara but I have used Bazzite.
Not to make the choice harder, but Bazzite does come with Plasma 6. You can have it boot to the SteamOS UI or to the Plasma Desktop.
Bazzite is a great choice for stability but you need to be aware it doesn't operate like a traditional Linux distribution since it's based on ostree and is immutable. Package installations are primarily done through Flatpak, AppImage or exported via Distrobox.
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Like OP said, you can get Plasma on Bazzite, as well as install it right on a SteamDeck if you have one. It's constantly being updated, and if gaming is your main driver, Bazzite goes out of its way to make things work. In theory you wouldn't have to do any tinkering to get games running, with the added bonus that you won't be messing up or introducing any entropy to your system files. If something does go wrong, you can reboot into the previous release and it'll be back to where you just came from.
There's still plenty to learn if you want to, it's just not the traditional Linux distro setup.
Kubuntu 24.10 is on plasma 6.1; not sure why you thought it was on plasma 5? Maybe you were thinking of the Long Term Support release which has a much longer release cycle and favours stability over cutting edge; that probably is still on 5? But personally I stay away from Ubuntu distros due to snap.
If you really want to learn Linux and game, maybe pick a distro that is not optimised by default for gaming and optimise it yourself?
I'm on OpenSuSE Tunbleweed and have optimised it myself to game how I want. It's rolling release so I'm on KDE Plasma 6.4. It's not difficult to do although I haven't gone quite as far as kernel patching that the gaming focused distros offer.
Another challenge is Arch - it's really not as difficult as people think and even just setting it up in a virtual machine helps you learn alot about Linux fundamentals without throwing the baby out with the bathwater. I've learnt alot using KVM to create virtual machines, and even have a Win 11 machine set up just because I can.
Another route to consider which I also do is get a SBC like a Raspberry 5 and look into setting up self hosting of services like Home Assistant etc. Again you learn Alot about how Linux works in the process and you can keep your main PC running for games without having to move. There is a whole self hosting community on Lemmy with loads of different routes to go, and lots of different manufacturers these days.
There are lots of options beyond changing distros. But also changing distros can be fun and a nice way to reset and make something new.
I would guess jumping from PopOS to Bazzite would be a challange becaue of it is immutable base. It is supposedly less prone to brekage, but certain guides won't work on them.
I think Nobara (or Fedora KDE) will work for you to try. I would avoid Garuda. It has many GUI for helping new user but if learning is your purpose, that just gets in the way. I would suggest Endeavor OS for Arch-based distro.
This is a left field suggestion: Try Solus !solus@piefed.social , we have a pretty good KDE edition. 😀
Cheers!
Thank you for that point about Bazzite. I was worried about having locked-down system files, because I'm really not at a place where I'm breaking my distro all the time.
I've been eyeing CachyOS since another user suggested it. Love the idea of rolling releases, so Solus seems cool too! What sets ya'll apart from the other distros that have been discussed?
As a tinkering old nerd who mainly runs Garuda these days, I would throw in that the added GUI tools don't have to be in the way. It is Arch under the hood, and you can totally ignore Garuda's add-ons and just proceed like you would on vanilla Arch whenever you feel like it.
Best of both worlds, really. The GUI tools are still there whenever you do want to use them, but it's also just Arch. I like MX Linux for similar reasons, as someone who started out on Debian back in the day. Useful for solving problems in both cases, too.
I think those three will be completely fine, but also I think base Arch would be completely fine for you. I have no idea why it's a meme that Arch is so "hard". I wouldn't recommend it for someone coming from Windows or Mac who has no idea what they're doing and had no poweruser tendencies on Windows/Mac either. But for someone who's used Linux for a few years, I think doing a base Arch install is no biggie at all. It's got a very annoying meme reputation but I think it's completely inaccurate.
That's an aside, and I'm not saying you should use base Arch, just that I don't think there's anything wrong with it if that's something you're interested in. Although if you're coming from a "beginner" distro and your intent is to learn, I do think doing a base Arch install (even if you don't stick with it) is a good idea. You'll be entirely capable of the install process and probably get a better understanding of how your system works. Then after you install it you can switch to some other distro you prefer.
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So, Bazzite does have a KDE 6 variant, and works very, very well, especially on a handheld PC.
It takes the approach of sandboxing off the core OS, but giving you a bunch of tools for running flatpaks and other things, set up DistroBox to semi-sort of have multiple linux os's simultaneously if you want to say, compile something from source that only has proper dependencies figured out in... not Arch, what SteamOS is based on...
I run it on my SteamDeck because it offers more ability to use it as an actual PC, while still being rock solid in gaming mode.
But uh... for more discussion... I'm going to kind of not answer your question and suggest something else:
Check out PikaOS.
Basically, much like Nobara is a 'gaming-tuned', optimized, cutting/bleeding-edge version of Fedora...
PikaOS basically is that, but for Debian.
If you're used to using PopOS!, well, that's ultimately Debian based, so there may be less of a learning curve now that you're broadly familiar with the Debian environment.
PikaOS works with GNOME, KDE, Hyprland if you want an even lighter weight DE.
They are also working on a Handheld PC capable out of the box distro, but its not ready yet.
From what I've seen from various youtubers... PikaOS is trading blows with Cachy and Nobara for getting the highest frame rate out of a game, on a same hardware / same setting FPS comparison... sometimes it is actually beating them.
Uh also, yeah, look into CachyOS, it seems to be the latest hotness for an Arch based, gaming optimized, but widely functional for 'whatever' OS, if you're curious about trying out Arch, and of course thus being able to constantly let every one know you use Arch, actually.
But, now that I’m familiar with how to set up any game that needs a little help besides Proton, I’m starting to want to delve into my OS more to see what I can customize, and I think picking a new distro with slightly different architechture will be very nice.Don’t get me wrong, I still want something that works by itself more often than not. But I would love to have something a little more cutting-edge that gives me a little more control.
Fam, did I understand you correctly that you want to tinker/tweak/customize the system to your heart's content? Yet, you also wish that the system "just works". At least, mostly. Is that right? Or..., like could you perhaps be more clear on what it is you'd like to tinker/tweak/customize in the first place? Please, if possible, be explicit.
After I got a better idea on what it actually is that you seek, I'll try to answer your other(/remaining) questions.
I suppose that's fine, and please feel free to act however way you wish.
The fact remains, however, that no one actually delved into the essence of the matter.
Furthermore, I find it rather troublesome that you deflected the question rather than answering it head-on. Perhaps you didn't think it through yet, and are just waiting to be swayed by whoever advertises best.
To illustrate my point, would you (at least) be so kind to explain me where/why Fedora has lost your favor? While, on the other hand, what Solus provides (in contrast) to justify your interest in it?
Do you think I am using this thread and this thread alone as my only source of information on these distros? I'm crowdsourcing opinions and checking them against the documentation for the distros and my personal preferences.
I feel as though this thread has delved into the essence of the matter perfectly well. That matter being, of course, people's opinions on the three distros I laid out. I deflected your question because you are looking to pick my brain and start an in-depth discussion, but I've reached a point in my research where I'm comfortable making a choice without any more guidance.
And, well, idk, I feel like my statements indicated I was looking for a good middle ground between a stable system that works smoothly and something I can crack open and break while tweaking - for the learning experience. I suppose that would really just boil down to fixed vs rolling release distros.
Fedora has lost my favor due to being a fixed release distro. After CachyOS was brought to my attention, and I researched it a little bit, it seemed to fit my desires pretty well. It's optimized for speed, which is perfect for games, and it's rolling release so I still get to feel like an uber haxx0r. Nothing against Fedora, it seems great. I want something a little further from my comfort zone.
Solus is appealing to me because it isn't based on anything else, and I love that it's a small team. Plus, the weekly updates thing they do felt like a good middle ground between how Debian-based and Arch-based distros work in terms of updating. But, I think I'll stick with CachyOS for now, I'm excited to use Arch btw.
First of all, thank you for that response!
Do you think I am using this thread and this thread alone as my only source of information on these distros?
No, I don't think that. I'd even challenge that notion as your query didn't start with a simple "What's best?" but instead asked for a comparison between three distros that were (somehow) selected by you. Please feel free to enlighten me on what made you even consider the premise of your above question. Though, as this is not that important to begin with, it's also perfectly fine to ignore that 👍.
I feel as though this thread has delved into the essence of the matter perfectly well. That matter being, of course, people’s opinions on the three distros I laid out.
If you lay it out like that, then; yeah, surely. However, it seems we fundamentally differ on what the essence of the matter is. And, perhaps I'm at fault for thinking this is a beneficial exercise to begin with. Regardless, I feel I at least owe you an explanation that goes over where I'm coming from:
Fundamentally, literally none of your original three distros serve you well for the purposes of "I’m starting to want to delve into my OS more to see what I can customize". Each one is pretty opinionated (by default^[Garuda is exempted from this through its KDE Lite offering.]) and -heck- both Bazzite and Nobara come with (highly) specialized tools required for system maintenance. This is because they've identified that there's a very serious disconnect between the freedom they'd like to allow their users and the (otherwise almost insurmountable) complexity this adds to how upgrades are managed. Bazzite trusts Fedora Atomic's tooling for this, while .
Being (highly) opinionated isn't necessarily bad. But it's undeniably easier to tweak/tinker/configure a more minimal system. Hence, you're better served by a lean install (with sane defaults). Thankfully, community members either recognized this and tried to sway you towards other options. With success*. Or, you were able to discern distros that better serve you from the communities' input. However it may be, both CachyOS and Solus are definitely better in that regard. Though, crucially, if the community strictly kept to discussing the original three distros and didn't go out of their way to venture into unexplored waters, then you wouldn't have arrived where you are right now.
Anyhow, all of the above could as well be disregarded the very moment you (hypothetically) state that your idea of customization is limited to the avenues KDE Plasma offers. Because, the original three are perfectly suited for that. So, your ideas on what tweaking/tinkering/customization entails is fundamentally linked to the distro that's most fit for the job.
And thus, I would distill the essence of the matter to be a clear idea on what kind of balance between "stability" and "customization" is envisioned as desirable by you. And, while at it, proper delineations of what is and isn't understood as stability and customization. Is the requirement of stability only satisfied if you can easily rollback to a proper working state? Or, is borking on a random update simply unforgivable? On the other hand, do you really want to compile your own kernel and install it? Or were you merely interested in KDE's knobs? Etc. etc.
and start an in-depth discussion
Not necessarily, answering "Or…, like could you perhaps be more clear on what it is you’d like to tinker/tweak/customize in the first place?" would probably have been sufficient.
something I can crack open and break while tweaking - for the learning experience
There's so much we could go over in the paragraph the above text is found, but I'll instead limit myself to just the above text. I find myself in a conundrum when you present that the above was implied and that (somehow) you came to consider Bazzite. While Bazzite is a lot more customizable than people give it credit for, I would not describe any part of the experience as "cracking it open". So, when met with an oxymoron as such, I literally have to ask for a clarification.
Fedora has lost my favor due to being a fixed release distro.
You've stated somewhere that you "Love the idea of rolling releases". So, if Solus passes as a rolling release distro ^[To be clear, technically, it absolutely does.], but has less uptodate packages than Fedora's previous release^[So I'm not even comparing it to Fedora 42 or Fedora Rawhide (i.e. its rolling release branch).]. Then, what is it intrinsically that makes it favorable as a rolling release? And I haven't even delved into why Fedora's release cadence is referred to as semi-rolling or how the latest updates to packages like GNOME arrive earlier in Fedora compared to even Arch. Btw, this is not meant as one big advertisement for Fedora. Instead, I want to point out the many many nuances that exist within the Linux landscape.
After CachyOS was brought to my attention, and I researched it a little bit, it seemed to fit my desires pretty well. It’s optimized for speed, which is perfect for games, and it’s rolling release so I still get to feel like an uber haxx0r.But, I think I’ll stick with CachyOS for now, I’m excited to use Arch btw.
I agree that CachyOS is one of the better fits. And if you're not interested to check out Arch, EndeavourOS or openSUSE Tumbleweed(/Slowroll), then I can't even think of another rolling release worth considering for you.
I love that it’s a small team.
I don't know why this would be preferred over a big team 🤔. Mind helping me understand this?
Btw, to be clear, Solus, as a project, is currently not very healthy. While it could compete with Fedora and openSUSE in the past, the last couple of years haven't been very kind to it. I'd propose the idea that the departure of its founder (i.e. Ikey Doherty) from the project has left it (relatively) visionless. And the turbulent times that followed made nurturing its community a great challenge. One, I'd argue, they weren't able to handle gracefully. Regardless, it's undoubtedly a shell of its former glory. This is also reflected by how relatively bare-bones its repository is. Or how absent it is within the discourse. Hopefully it will be able to bounce back after goodies from Doherty's latest project (i.e. AerynOS) trinkle down to benefit Solus. But, until then, it would be very irresponsible of me if I didn't discourage you from daily-driving it...
- YouTube
Profitez des vidéos et de la musique que vous aimez, mettez en ligne des contenus originaux, et partagez-les avec vos amis, vos proches et le monde entier.www.youtube.com
See, this is what I meant. I deflected because my phrasing gave everyone else enough information that they could just suggest a distro.
I appreciate that you've clearly put thought into the recommendation you want to give, and I appreciate that you'd like to really understand what I'm looking for. But at the time of your original comment, CachyOS was baremetal on my machine. So, I've already picked what I want, and you're insisting I must explain in greater detail so that you may answer my question (already been answered).
Please feel free to enlighten me on what made you even consider the premise of your above question.
The fact that you were insistent no one "delved into the essence of the matter." I didn't need them to, I was researching every OS that anyone mentioned.
but instead asked for a comparison between three distros that were (somehow) selected by you.
They're all gaming distros, dude. I felt like that was evident.
I'm sorry this whole post discussion has not gone the way you wanted, but it's gone the way I wanted. And I believe I've found something that works for me.
But, in the end, it ain't Sophie's Choice. I have my important files on a thumb drive and a backup thumb drive with Pop!_OS in case I need to start fresh again. NBD.
Fam, with all due respect, and please correct me if I'm wrong, but I don't think you've 'properly' engaged with my previous reply. Don't get me wrong, it's your absolute prerogative to disregard/move-on/disengage/let-go especially if you're already moved on. The daunting task to read a wall of text concerning a subject you've internally closed/'solved' ain't everyone's cup of tea anyways. The reason I've brought this up, is because most of how I would respond to your latest reply is already contained within my previous reply 😅. As such, I will refrain from reiterating what I've said before for the sake of brevity. Instead, I'll try to strictly address the unaddressed. I'll also take the liberty to assume that you're not a fan of consuming long-form content. This will also be reflected in the remainder of this reply.
my phrasing gave everyone else enough information that they could just suggest a distro
Suggesting a distro ain't hard; CTRL + click here consecutively to get a random stream of distros. Even if we would limit it to the union of gaming distros with (semi-)rolling release distros, there's a lot to choose from. As such, mentioning what's out there ain't impressive. But expertly navigating between them sure as hell is.
Granted, suggesting a (new) distro wasn't even the objective. You wanted comparisons... Or, rather, I assumed you did.
CachyOS was baremetal on my machine.
It would probably have saved us both a bunch of trouble if you had been transparent/explicit about this. I can't read your mind nor do I like to assume stuff.
but instead asked for a comparison between three distros that were (somehow) selected by you.They're all gaming distros, dude. I felt like that was evident.
Please allow me to clarify that it wasn't entirely clear why these gaming distros were specifically selected, while others like CachyOS, ChimeraOS, DraugerOS, Jovian-NixOS, PikaOS and Regata OS were not.
I'm sorry this whole post discussion has not gone the way you wanted
Fam, I got literally no stakes in this discussion. Apologies if I made you uncomfortable (or something) by making you think otherwise. I was merely in it to help/assist/support/aid you to the best of my abilities. For this, I required more input so that I wouldn't have to succumb you under multiple walls of text. I didn't think asking you to answer "could you perhaps be more clear on what it is you’d like to tinker/tweak/customize in the first place? Please, if possible, be explicit." was unreasonable. But perhaps I was wrong.
but it's gone the way I wanted. And I believe I've found something that works for me.
I sure hope so, fam. I wouldn't want to see you return with your tail between your legs.
I used Solus for years, it was actually my first long time Linux distro, and I have fond memories from that time and deep appreciation of the project. Note that I say used, because I have moved on (to EndeavourOS and later NixOS).
The reason why I moved on is the same as why I would recommend against Solus: the project have lost a lot of its core contributors. At the time I left there were no package updates for quite some time (used to be weekly).
I am not quite sure Solus really got a future. There are talks about converging it with AerynOS, former SerpentOS, which is innovative but still experimental software built by the original team, i.e. those that left Solus in the first place. Though they are really proficient in making the software, I do not think they have the same skillset for securing longevity through contributions.
In the end you should not care too much what people think. You will get the popular options for the intersection of Lemmy and Linux users, but popular is not always good nor what is right for you. Just try stuff and be ready to move a little through rigorous backups, you do have backups?
Hmm, thank you for your point about Solus. I was interested because it seemed the most interested in the desktop experience. But it does seem they're updating and getting back on track. I love the idea of a weekly rolling release for beginners who still need the idea to click.
I do have backups ;)
I don't agree with your assessment of Solus condition now. Granted I am biased as I am part of the staff. After the outage in early 2023, we have been going strong ever since. There are more contributors than ever. The bus factor problem has been mitigated by more people now have access to critical infrastructure.
Sure the old-heads are all gone but the future of Solus couldn't be more clear than right now. eopkg was ported to python3 and now it is (finally) the default. We switch installer to calamares and in process of replacing our software center. Documentation also now looks better than ever. We already shed so many technical debts that is been going on for years, long before the outage. In the future the plan is for Solus to use AerynOS tooling and on their side development is going rapidly. You can read this all about this on our blog, devlog and forum.
I wrote the monthly "Contributor Roundup" in the forum, it summaries what the contributors been doing in the month. I would say we have pretty steady contribution rate and there is always new contributor coming in. If you have not tried Solus again after the outage, please do. You might be surprised on how things have changed and hopefully for the better. If you find anything that is not good, do not hesitate to tell us. We always appreciate a constructive feedback.
Anyway cheers!
This sounds pretty exciting. Thank you so much for your continued contributions!
In the future the plan is for Solus to use AerynOS tooling and on their side development is going rapidly.
Should I interpret this as Solus going 'immutable'? Or is it something else?
I am not the technical guy, so I might explain some terminology wrong. So, I will give you a few article you can read in my answer. AerynOS tooling right now is focused on the "atomic" part, you can read about it here. The "immutable" part of the original proposition (when it is called Serpent OS) is not set in stone yet. Solus will adopt what make sense for us and right now we are very encouraged by atomic update that AerynOS tooling can already achieve.
TL;DR: Solus going immutable? No plan for it right now 😀
Alright, I very much appreciate you for sharing those articles; it allows me to get into the nitty-gritty of things. Thank you!
As someone who champions the (ongoing) paradigm shift towards atomic/declarative/immutable/stateless systems, I can't but admire the effort to (IIUC):
- Have changing the base of the system without requiring a reboot as a first-class design goal that's well supported (unlike Fedora Atomic)
- Employ a hash + store system that doesn't require forsaking the FHS nor enforces a DSL (unlike NixOS)
- Accomplish the above on a long-standing independent project, so that we can (on one hand) trust the longevity of the project AND (on the other hand) know that it isn't actively resisting its upstream (unlike many other smaller projects, some of which are found here)
While glancing over the many articles, I couldn't really find anything related to declarative system management. Is this something the project intends to tackle eventually?
GitHub - Malix-Labs/Awesome-Atomic: An awesome curated knowledge-base about atomic systems
An awesome curated knowledge-base about atomic systems - Malix-Labs/Awesome-AtomicGitHub
As with many feature outlined, most things are still on drawing board and not yet realized. But yes, the declarative system management ala NixOS was being discussed. The focus now is making "Versioned Repository", so user and developer can avoid breaking changes altogether.
They just released a new blogpost if you are not aware: aerynos.com/blog/2025/06/30/mi… .
They have even weekly updates on updates. Really great comminication towards users.
like this
ElcaineVolta, Badabinski e HeerlijkeDrop like this.
like this
warm likes this.
like this
warm likes this.
There's also no css and no html clubs.
Last but not least, take a look at gemini protocol, which is a bit like gopher: lightweight and textbased only
like this
warm likes this.
Over the past few posts I’ve set up a Windows VM with USB passthrough, and attempted to reverse-engineer the official drivers, As I was doing that, I also thought I’d message the vendor and ask them if they could share any specifications or docs regarding their protocol. To my surprise, Nanoleaf tech support responded to me within 4 hours, with a full description of the protocol that’s used both by the Desk Dock as well as their RGB strips.
To my surprise, Nanoleaf tech support responded to me within 4 hours, with a full description of the protocol that’s used both by the Desk Dock as well as their RGB strips. The docs mostly confirmed what I had already discovered independently, but there were a couple of other minor features as well (like power and brightness management) that I did not know about, which was helpful.
Combo of investigating and a foot up from the manufacturer.
When I've done this in the past for game controllers I've not received such an emphatic response (other than when I was working for the vendor).
Did get some via FOI for a few other products though.
When I installed Ubuntu on an HP laptop recently, I got a message that I didn't have the drivers for my internal Intel wireless chip. It was at this point that I realized the laptop also didn't have an Ethernet port. The installer told me to put the drivers on a flashdrive. Thankfully the error spelled out enough for me to find the drivers online. There were a few different versions and I put them all on the stick.
Bluetooth didn't work, but I realized that was fixed by just enabling the service with systemctl.
Trivia you can use to woo potential partners
Here’s 443 pages on generic HID implementations.
My pants!
If you're not already aware of it (I wasn't until recently) there's a search engine that "prioritizes non-corporate content": marginalia-search.com/
I couldn't find this particular article or blog there, I'm not sure why. Perhaps their robots.txt blocks it, which would be unfortunate. It turns up other similar content though.
Marginalia Search Engine - Marginalia Search
Marginalia Search is a small independent do-it-yourself search engine for surprising but content-rich websites that never ask you to accept cookies or subscribe to newsletters.Marginalia Search
Shit... kind of makes me want to learn Rust now!
Anyway, wonderful write up. No BS, both shortcuts if you just want to the code and in depth links e.g. beyondlogic.org/usbnutshell/us… all written with a fun tone. Plenty of actually useful content showing us all that sure, it is not trivial to write a (USB) driver but it is also probably not as hard as we imagine. Particularly enjoyed the :
- userspace driver, namely being able to tinker locally without feel the pressure to push back the work to Linux the kernel itself
libusband other drivers, namely that there is a myriad of points to start from already, not just writing reverse engineering bits in memory to the new device and hoping it'll work
USB in a NutShell - Chapter 1 - Introduction
Introduces the Universal Serial Bus covering the various chapters of the spec and what is required to be read.www.beyondlogic.org
found a fix for MDN Web Docs demos not working
Recently, some interactive "demo" boxes (example here) in the MDN web docs stopped working on LibreWolf for me. The preview was blank and clicking on the buttons did nothing.
Turns out I had enabled "Limit cross-origin referrers" in settings, and unchecking the box allowed MDN to work normally.
Hope this helps!
flex - CSS | MDN
The flex CSS shorthand property sets how a flex item will grow or shrink to fit the space available in its flex container.MDN Web Docs
Accidentally wrote an ISO to an encrypted 5TB drive… Help?
So, I did a thing - accidentally selected my 5TB external NTFS hard drive (encrypted with VeraCrypt) as the target for writing an ISO. The moment I noticed that "Impression" had switched the drive letter, I immediately killed the process. But yeah… damage done.
Now, the situation:
- Currently shows up as:
- 6 MB FAT
- 4.3 GB
- 2 TB unallocated
- 2.6TB unallocated
- The VeraCrypt volume obviously no longer mounts.
- Drive was somewhat crucial - lots of structured data I’d really prefer to recover with the original file system intact.
I know chances are slim, especially with encrypted volumes, but has anyone had luck recovering from something like this? I’m open to commercial recovery tools or command-line wizardry. Would love to hear from anyone who’s been down this road.
Any thoughts or recommendations?
Veracrypt has back-up headers located elsewhere in the volume that are unlikely to have been overwritten.
First thing's first I would strongly recommend copying the drive as it currently exists bit for bit to another drive of equal or larger size. Don't work on the original if you can help it.
Now with this copy, you should try to check the option to use the backup header when mounting and try again. If the partition is gone and veracrypt doesn't see it you'll need to try using something that recovers partitions and doesn't mind encrypted partitions or partitions or file system types it doesn't understand and use that to ON THE COPY recover and recreate the partition (this will write data and can cause the possibility of further loss or worsen your ability to recover which is why it is important to perform it on a copy). Testdesk may work for this but there are other options that probably are better.
See this list: old.reddit.com/r/datarecovery/… and choose something from there if this data is truly important. Again only work on a copy on another drive. Some of these software examples actually work against the original drive and make a copy elsewhere and should be safe to use on the original drive so long as they have you select a target drive to push the recovered data to but read the documentation. Testdisk absolutely must be used on a copy.
You will incur data loss and likely should run one of the file recovery software mentioned on the drive once successfully mounted in veracrypt to attempt to recover as much as possible.
Thank you so much, this is really helpful.
I have a slightly different issue where I have several VeraCrypt vaults on an external that seem corrupted and don't recognize the correct passwords anymore. I'm making note of your advice to work on mine too. Is there anything particularly different you would recommend?
The only thing I would note is -IF- your volumes are not partition or disk based BUT -files- based there is the possibility that corruption of the host file system of the disk the files containing the volumes are on could result in pieces of those files being marked unreadable by the disk and it’s POSSIBLE one way to solve this would be a file system check utility.
HOWEVER such activities carry a -large- risk of data loss so I would advise a bit for bit copy of the disk and doing the repair on that so if it goes wrong you’re not worse off. -IF- you cannot make a copy then I would advise at least trying to mount using backup headers before doing that and copying off anything you can salvage as file system checks can really mess up data recovery and should only be used in certain circumstances.
You’re much better off trying the recovery software I linked in fact than doing a file system check as it will tend to have better results.
You can also use the option to mount as read only in VC to prevent writes to a suspected failing disk.
Let me know if you need further advice.
Any thoughts or recommendations?
::: spoiler Tap for spoiler
Backup important data
:::
I'm gonna be the one to say it. You've ruined your ability to decrypt the data. You can try a recovery service but expect to pay a lot for zero results.
I'm sorry this happened to you.
Edit: don't go with commercial software, find a recovery service
This case is due to a logical problem. Cleanrooms are only necessary for physical repairs, like swapping the Head Stack Assembly.
DriveSavers’ cost of entry for a successful recovery is about $2,000. They’ve even given that quote to an iPhone user who needed nothing more than a screen replacement.
Their “state of the art facility” is appropriate for hardware cases where money is no object and you need the best of the best to deliver results no matter the cost.
Realistically, most regular people will be well taken care of using a reasonably priced service like 300 Dollar Data Recovery.
expect to pay a lot for zero results
Industry standard for data recovery specialists is “no data, no charge”
Where is “here”?
You might want to check out the member listings at datarecoveryprofessionals.org/
These organizations generally seem to hold themselves to a “better” standard than the rest of the industry.
Global Group for Data Recovery Engineers | Data Recovery Professionals
Data Recovery Professionals are a worldwide group of professional data recovery engineers who share data recovery techniques and information.Data Recovery Pros
Cloud storage solutions with Linux
I am trying to get away from Google and am looking for a decent cloud service that's integrated well into Linux, either by itself or by using rclone.
I tried Proton drive, but it is laggy and overall not very good.
I just need storage, nothing fancy. Self hosting is not an option tough, at this time.
EDIT: I don't want to write the same answer 15 times, so I'll just put this here: Thanks a lot for the recommendations to all of you! I've got some reading up to do now 😀
Syncthing is not a cloud solution though... Rather a sync solution. What's the difference? If you delete the file on 1 device it gets deleted on every device who shares the directory...
While a Cloud solution, your file is on a central server and you can download/delete that file on your device without affecting the server.
Cloud service ≠ Sync service but have a similar purpose.
Edit: And doin' 1 way sync is still not a cloud service !
What's the difference? If you delete the file on 1 device it gets deleted on every device who shares the directory...
- That's not correct. SyncThing has versioning
- That's not a necessary component of "the cloud".
Let OP answer the question, please.
And doin' 1 way sync is still not a cloud service !
It's not 1 way sync. Please look up what you're talking about before speaking.
It's not 1 way sync. Please look up what you're talking about before speaking.
Yeah it's not, however you can configure syncthing as a 1way sync solution and I was emphasizing that this still isn't a cloud solution.
Don't get me wrong, syncthing is great and I use it everyday, but syncthing is not a cloud solution.
Desktop Apps - Koofr
Download the Koofr desktop app and access your cloud storage from any device. Sync your files, work online, and share securely with Koofr. Get it free today!Koofr
looking to migrate off gmail finally
I'm considering finally jumping off gmail. I'm not going to host my own email since I just don't have the skill to secure that thing well enough myself. Any mail server I set up would become a botnest within hours. So that has me looking at third party stuff.
Proton has a mostly good reputation, though their CEO's twitter post a while back praising the Trump regime makes me question if I should trust them with anything. I don't know enough about the entire situation to know if its just internet drama or a real concern, but anything involving Trump is a huge red flag for me.
Tuta looks pretty nice but I've read there are concerns about it being in a country that's part of the 14 eyes collaboration, so it might not matter what the organization wants if the government of the region they are in says fuck off and do what we tell you.
On the lower end of concerns, I am in the Apple ecosystem. (boo hiss I know). I like the clean and simple built in apps like email and calendar and how the notifications all work across my watch, phone, mac and homepods. I like how safari can just jump in and throw an email alias at things for me. I like how all my stuff is managed. But I also know Apple could piss me off at any moment and make wild sweeping changes I might not like, so relying on them too much could screw me over someday. I dont know, right now I really like their setup but portability does seem to matter more ultimately so this switch does seem like a better idea in the long run, even if I'm giving up features I may enjoy.
What are your opinions on the privacy email and calendar services in 2025? Should I even both with a cloud based calendar in the first place?
Proton and SimpleLogin are joining forces | Proton
SimpleLogin has joined Proton. Soon, the entire Proton community will be able to hide their email addresses.Proton
Un guizzo di segmenti e antenne rapide sul chiaroscuro. Benvenuti a cena, nell'Ade - Il blog di Jacopo Ranieri
Un guizzo di segmenti e antenne rapide sul chiaroscuro. Benvenuti a cena, nell'Ade - Il blog di Jacopo Ranieri
È una faccenda nota che spostandosi abbastanza in profondità, il concetto di ciclo stagionale cessa di essere rilevante, portando ad un livello di temperatura stabile che resta sempre identico nel corso dei mesi.Jacopo (Il blog di Jacopo Ranieri)
Not too long ago I broke down a the costs between Ableton and bitwig, and they are quite similar over time.
Ableton has the big #'rd updates where as bitwig you get all updates within a year from license activation.
Since BW will still run after the license runs out (you just cant update to any new versions) I don't always update until there is a new feature that I want to work with drops in an update.
I also limit purchasing licenses to sale periods as a license can sit on the shelf until you're ready to activate it - this significantly reduced the cost for me.
I think there are other ways to go about this though on the vast sea of the net if your sails catch the wind right ;). If you're making stuff for fun and not for profit I think everyone should have access to creative tools.
If you make money than it's worth considering sending some. money their way. ¯_(ツ)_/¯
I haven't personally used Ableton ever but am a hobbying musician, and pro-audio is possible on Linux as well as running non-native applications via Wine. I found this just searching, there's apparently a Discord group also dedicated to this project.
Usually doing a web search like "xyz windows program+linux" will produce results, and putting in your distro name will produce better. Anyway, good luck on your journey!
GitHub - BEEFY-JOE/AbletonLiveOnLinux: A Repository for All Things Related to Running Ableton Live on Linux, part of the newly formed Ableton on Linux Discord Group.
A Repository for All Things Related to Running Ableton Live on Linux, part of the newly formed Ableton on Linux Discord Group. - BEEFY-JOE/AbletonLiveOnLinuxGitHub
There are a couple of solutions, I'm using Ardour myself, but LMMS might be more like Ableton
There is a more or less complete list here: wiki.linuxaudio.org/apps/daw_a…
Dual booting is a hassle but afaik it's the least difficult way to go.
I am a hobbyist and was using ableton live before. As mentioned by others, unless you dual boot - try bitwig studio for similar experience. It is from people who worked in ableton. Have a trial, pirate if can't afford now.
Foss alternative - ardour is great, but you will have to bring your own plug in suit.
Yabridge tool can help you to run windows vsts on Linux, but not everything works. And beware - it does not work with flatpak version Bitwig, at least it did not.
I've heard that Ableton+wine works, not sure about all the plugins though.
There's also lmms, ardour, Bitwig and reaper with native Linux builds
To be honest, this was the dealbreaker that kept me using a Mac.
According to WineHQ, Ableton's compatibility with wine isn't stellar. FL Studio works quite well in it, but switching DAWs can be a pretty major undertaking.
For Linux native DAWs, Reaper and Bitwig are the two best options. Reaper is the most affordable at 60 bucks, with an infinite free trial.
I assume this is coming at some point, tbh
I personally reckon they're working on something YAbridge-esque to allow people to bring their VSTs to the push in standalone mode. If they can actually nail that, it's an absolute no brainer to then release a full Linux version of the DAW and finally allow people like me to make the switch
Every time I've tried to run Ableton on Linux over the years (most recently about Christmas last year), it's the VST support that lets me down. I've got hundreds of VSTs I've used in various projects over the past couple of decades and I can't switch unless I know they all work properly—projects not loading or sounding different is unacceptable. I need to be able to open anything I've worked on over the years and be able to get right into the creativity without tinkering, as that is what I already have today.
Until that day, I've got to begrudgingly keep windows around.
I can greatly recommend Reaper to you, in case Ableton + Wine doesn't work out.
I only recently got into music making as a hobby so my overall perspective might be limited, but other DAWs I tried included:
* Ardour
* Bitwig
* LMMS
* Zrythm
I settled with Reaper bc of it's customizability, freedom in workflow and cheap price without compromising in pro features. It's actually completely free as long as you are evaluating buying it, which is up to you for how long. And the customizability is off the charts compared to any other DAW.
But what really sold Reaper to me was the lack of hurdles that got into my way of learning to make music.
Have fun
Someone in here mentioned bitwig.
I started on abelton and moved to bitwig around 3.X and have been with it ever since.
I love all the different modules and the grid which has give me a lot more expressive control over my sounds.
they are similar yet different; I believe the core bitwig team were ex ableton devs who wanted to take things in a different direction.
I know it's silly but one of the biggest things that I like about bitwig is customizable shortcuts; this is especially good if you're coming from ableton because if your a shortcut key wizard you can easily remap similar functions.
if you've got an extensive VST collection you can run them with wine + yabridge.
Bitwig is not the only option, but coming from ableton if you want to run single boot it is the most similar (IMO) to Ableton.
Happy to answer any questions you may have about it as well.
There are several commercial options for Linux. The most-Ableton software out there is Bitwig Studio that has a Linux port. However, it's expensive. The cheapest commercial solution, with a bit of learning curve but powerful nonetheless, is Reaper.
However, if you want to go 100% open source, there's Ardour and LMMS (which is a lot like FL Studio). Ardour 9, which is expected by the end of the year, will be more MIDI-friendly than it used to be. LMMS latest git version (offered as binary on their site) has some good new features compared to their stable version, however, there's still no vst3 support.
I'm an visual artist and I used Photoshop for years to edit my hand-painted scanned paintings. When I moved to Linux, and Gimp3 was out, I was finally ready to leave Photoshop behind. Some features of Photoshop aren't there, but I was ready to leave them behind. Same with video, I used to have a rather popular blog about color grading with Resolve. I moved to kdenlive, which has none of these tools or plugins. It's a decision that I simply had to make. I wanted to use foss tools, and that was the price to pay. I'm cool with my decision.
If you gotta go commercial, go with Reaper. The people (a small team of 3 or 4 I believe) behind it are really cool, and they're doing it for the love of it, their profit is very small.
Another good free DAW option with linux compatibility is Tracktion.
tracktion.com/products/wavefor…
Tracktion Software
The world's best, fully featured, completely unlimited free DAW for all music creators.www.tracktion.com
I'd suggest no-one ever dual-boot Windows with anything. There are to many mishaps when Windows takes it into their head to fuck the bootloader.
Put the OS into a VM. If you only use Windows for one app put Windows into the VM. Otherwise put Linux into the VM until you find you're mostly using Linux.
Unless you have an old PC laying around ..
Focus on productivity and pleasure, so make the transition easier :
- try Linux without dual boot, e.g. distrosea.com/ (I made a 30min video discussion if you are curious)
- try Linux on a USB stick to get persistence and not be afraid of using private data
- try dual boot with default on Windows, your important data backed-up (e.g. music you created)
- try dual boot with default on Linux and Ableton or whatever you need on Wine, if it doesn't work in virtual machine
- try boot on just Linux with Wine
- try boot on Linux with Ableton FLOSS equivalents (few listed in this thread)
- try boot on Linux with e.g Ardour or LMMS but genuinely benefit from FLOSS by making and sharing your own plugins
The entire process must be risk free and fun!
Few weeks ago I have noticed that my Presonus account is offering me to download Studio One Pro 7, in deb or flatpak format. I use Linux desktop for everything except audio work (still use Windows machine for that) so when I checked my Presonus account from Linux box I was quite shocked.
Sadly, attempt to upload the image from the phone (using Boost app) doesn't work so I can't upload and can't be bothered to upload elsewhere then share URL, etc.
I couldn't get bothered to try installing it earlier since I don't want to run S1 on this box.
But just for the sake of it, I have now tried installing flatpak file and it completed.
I don't use flatpak much but trying to do...
flatpak run com.presonus.studioapp7
... failed with "Failed to connect to Wayland display".
I spent 0 seconds on reading about S1 Pro for Linux and have no intention to bother with it further but if you do use S1 on Windows you might have Linux download available as well. Give it a try if you are interested.
What exactly it requires to run, I have no idea.
But it is really surprising development.
Edit: hah, after i removed that flatpak i just installed, a notification popped up saying "Studio One is a Wayland application and won't run in X11 session."
The .wav format is actually very simple. You should be able to write a bash script to produce wavs without too much trouble. If you'd rather not work that low-level you can always use the DAW features in emacs.
/s
Like many others have suggested, you may want to try Bitwig. I understand that it's the alternative DAW that is the most similar to Ableton. The company was started by a group of ex-Ableton employees, so it's not a coincidence. Many people online feel that it's in general a better DAW than Ableton, so you may end up liking it. It supports Linux natively, even provides an official flatpak (or Ubuntu installer?)
It's not as expensive as some make it out to be, and it's on sale right now for a few more days. I just yesterday bought Bitwig Studio Essentials. They have 3 editions and Studio Essentials is the starter version, currently $79 (reg. $99). The next level up is Studio Producer, currently $149 (reg. $199), and the top level is just Studio, currently $299 (reg. $399). They also offer rent to own for $16/month for 25 months on Splice.
What problems can I expect using Linux (Fedora) with an NVIDIA GPU?
I'm planning on getting a laptop within the next month which will be my daily driver for university, and it has a RTX 5060. I know people have lots of issues with NVIDIA on Linux, but I don't know of any specific issues. What issues can I expect running Fedora 42 (KDE) on this device?
I am not responding to most comments here, but I am silently taking them into account.
Certain videos won't play in any media player. Also occasional graphical glitches in Plasma for me. No issues with games oddly enough.
Edit: I'm using Arch but I'd expect these issues to be distro-agnostic. Though I'm fine with being wrong.
I had a 3060 Ti.
I couldn't game on Wayland for about 20% of my games (very frustrating), couldn't use specific Window Managers like Sway, experience constant screen tearing on X11 (which I often had to use, because the game would crash on Wayland) when gaming, and had a significant performance hit in some games.
CS:GO ran like a dream and actually better than on Windows, but with the release of CS2 my performance on Linux was about 20% worse than on Windows. My 1% lows were also crazy on Linux (median=190fps, %1=80fps). This meant, among others things, that I just couldn't play death match anymore — my FPS would make it unplayable. This was largely an optimization issue and I think some of the 2025 Nvidia driver updates of improved the situation a little for CS2 specifically. The screen tearing on X and the buggyness on Wayland were enough for me to switch though, even if eventual improvements might come.
I am now extremely happy with my 7900 XT, which I got for less than any available 9070 XT (in my region) and which amusingly actually has better performance in CS2 then then the 9070 XT on Linux. It's massively overkill though, I could have just as well gotten a 7800 XT or 9070 (non-XT).
I am still very, very pleased. Hopefully this will last me a few years, unlike the gosh darn 3060 Ti.
Alright, I'm done with my huge block of text. Hopefully this was helpful.
Running RTX4050 mobile on Fedora 41 (internet too crappy to upgrade to 42)
Works great!
Except for unreal 5 games but idk if that's a driver or a proton issue :/
A lot of the info here reads as outdated to me, I have a 40 series card and on bazzite with open drivers it works with zero issues on major titles like Cyberpunk, Horizon, etc. The open drivers have come a long way. It took maybe 5 months post 40 series release for it to work 100% with no glaring issues for me, but 40 series was also the first cards to be launched with the open drivers so it makes sense there'd be hiccups
The only issues I've had on Wayland are color related.
wyndham hotels leaks personal data....and is totally okay with it
I got a new phone number last year. The last person who owned this number just left all her accounts tied to this number and one by one I've been reaching out to the places tied to it telling them they have the wrong number and to stop using this one. Simple enough.
But there is one company that refuses to stop using this number. Wynhdam hotels absolutely refuses to do anything about this. They keep sending me notifications and check in confirmations for her hotel visits. Using just the texts they send me, I know her full name, email address, home address, her reservations at the hotel, which hotel she's going to and what days. Using past conversations with the other hotels she's been to (called in to tell them to stop this months ago), I know she's been kicked out for making a scene in the lobby or something. Looking online, I see she has a criminal record, and a history of child custody losses, drug abuse, and is apparently an "experienced college girl" on an escort site.
In my most recent calls with wyndham, they told me that they can't change the number out. I will need to contact this charming person and have her do it. I am absolutely not getting involved in that mess in any capacity. I'm still telling her johns and dealers this is the wrong number.
Once I explained to the call center supervisor I was escalated to this has gone on long enough and I'm willing to let an attorney deal with it, they put me on hold and supposedly took my number off the account. But the next day, I get another notification. It seems she is providing her services again and it's still making that my problem. So I call and get routed to a promotional department that said they have no idea why they got this call, but I should probably just sue.
I tried calling the number listed on the confirmation texts but it goes to a dead end line that just asks for a remote access code and then hangs up, so I can't ask the hotel she is actually at flag her down and say "hey, you need to update your number."
I emailed their privacy department yesterday but the notifications are still coming in. I can't change my phone number at the moment as I'm dealing with some delicate matters that are tied to this number so I can't risk changing the number at this time.
How can I get wyndham to take this seriously? This is a dangerous amount of information I was able to get off a recurring text they know is going to the wrong place.
To Wyndham this is her account and her information. Failure to update her information on your behalf doesn't constitute any liability on their part.
Regarding you, I would guess the best legal avenue you have would be something like telephone harassment or spam, but that sounds like a shakey case.
Hotels place a big emphasis on maintaining guest confidentiality in all regards except law enforcement. Front desk agents are trained not to disclose whether a guest is even staying at the property when requested. She would have solid grounds for a suit if she could provide evidence she attempted to change her contact information with Wyndham. Sounds like she didn't try though.
Personally, I would just get a new number again. However, if I was tied to making this work I would do this. Contact Wyndham's consumer affairs department. Tell them the lady has contacted me because I am receiving her information from you guys. She has mentioned she's considering litigation. Advise them to reach out to update her information.
Even that is a long shot because if she's a working girl she probably won't want businesses to have up to date info. Most likely she would ignore their email.
To some other commenter's points about them not caring about your issue. Kinda true, but it's not a feelings issue. , Wyndham has little liability in your complaint and it does not make sense to update an account because someone who isn't the account holder said to.
No, they aren't protecting confidentiality at all. They know the information is going to the wrong place. And yet, they keep sending me her full name, her email address, her home address, her reservation dates, the address of the hotel she is at.....
Imagine what someone could do with all that.
If she was telling them that they'd want to fix it to protect themselves from legal ramifications. But it isn't her. It's some stranger. That's all I'm saying.
If we let people make changes to account information based on stories then I could just lie and take over my ex girlfriend's capital one account or something, ya know. Your situation is unique, but just looking at it from the other side I could easily see doing what you're requesting turning into a phone call from the client asking why they're no longer receiving information about their reservations and me having to explain that somebody told us it was their number. Only to find out it was some enemy she has telling us to do that as a way to mess with her. Then I'm up a creek for removing the number without her permission.
It obviously isn't that, but there are risks involved that some companies are not willing to take. Making changes to account contact information in nearly all regards must be done by the account holder.
Not trying to say there shouldn't be an easier resolution to this. Just looking at as the guy on the other side of the phone.
You also told them you aren't the account holder. So that's pretty much the end of the call right there for any place I have ever worked... I understand your concern and the issue. It just doesn't work this way technically.
I currently manage a hotel and even as an employee there's some account information that I am not able to update on a guest's behalf. They have to do it themselves. The hospitality industry is ripe with fraud and scam attempts. I understand your situation isn't that, but it would set a precedent for the next situation that IS a scam.
If you really have all her account info and personal data then shit just call and be her. Ask to remove or change your number.
Not always true. Letting me from an account information TO something specifically is a risk, but simply demanding they remove MY data from an account that’s not mine is not a fraud concern. Thats the opposite of a fraud concern.
Moreover, I was able to prove I have that number in that I have all the information they gave me access to through that number.
If your in the US you can tell them you'll report them to the FTC and fcc as unsolicited spam text messages that have no means to opt out. They must provide a means to stop receiving text messages per can spam act. If they refuse you report them and then they face 50k in fines per message. You also get to have federal record at least that you didn't want the text messages. You could also file a police report. The cops may roll their eyes, but just tell them you just want something on record that the former number owner waa a shady character and want to avoid any potential legal issues in the future for having their number and getting weird calls or texts.
fcc.gov/consumers/guides/stop-…
ReportFraud.ftc.gov
WhatsApp rolls out AI-generated summaries for private messages
cross-posted from: rss.ponder.cat/post/215685
WhatsApp can now call on Meta AI to summarize your personal chats. As shown in a GIF, you can access it by tapping the button to unfurl all of your unread messages in a chat. But instead of showing your messages, WhatsApp uses Meta AI to generate a bulleted summary of what you missed.
The feature is rolling out in English in the US, with plans to launch in more countries and languages later this year. It uses Meta’s Private Processing technology, which the company claims will prevent it and other third parties from snooping on your messages.
WhatsApp, which is owned by Meta, says its AI message summaries are optional, and the feature is turned off by default. You can also use WhatsApp’s “Advanced Privacy” setting to prevent users from using AI features in group chats. We still don’t know if WhatsApp’s AI message summaries will struggle with accuracy, which is something we saw with the launch of Apple’s AI-generated message and notification rundowns.
Over the past year, Meta has continued stuffing different AI features into WhatsApp, including a way to ask Meta AI questions from within a chat, as well as a feature that generates images in real-time. Some users have grown frustrated by the new Meta AI button in the bottom-right corner of the app that they can’t turn off or remove. Meta also sparked backlash with another change that brought ads to the app — something its founders said they never wanted to do.
The app’s Private Processing is supposed to conceal your interactions with its AI model by creating a “secure cloud environment,” preventing Meta or WhatsApp from seeing your summaries. Other people in the group chat won’t be able to see the message summaries, either.
From The Verge via this RSS feed
WhatsApp’s rollout of ads will change the app forever
WhatsApp is bringing ads to its status feature, a move that’s at odds with the brand’s identity as a “secure” messaging app.Emma Roth (The Verge)
I love that my global settings has a whole section labelled Privacy, but I can't disable this globally for all chats my account joins.
Instead I have to disable it for each chat individually.
What awful design WhatsApp (obviously on purpose so I'll forget with new chats).
Well maybe this is the push that those friends will need to move to Signal...
I need to have this WhatsApp BS as its the only way to stay connected with older relatives and work groups. I'm using RethinkDNS on my phone and have blocked as many Meta DNS and network links as I can find online. Exactly none of them show up on my firewall logs! The connections in/ out appear to be via "safe" routes, which if blocked then break wider functionality.
To use yet another completely unheard of home town phrases, "Bastards".
Alright fine I admit it, I want to learn Linux
I'm just so sick of Microsoft and Google.
But there's two things holding me back:
1) I wanna play Steam games on my PC
2) I am just an amateur hobbyist, not a tech wizard
Is there any hope for me?
One thing I'll say is that for a lot of distros these days you shouldn't really need to use the terminal much if ever. That being said don't be scared of the terminal. It's just another way to tell the computer what to do. It takes some learning but if you want to learn things with the terminal you might eventually find it easier/faster than using the mouse for some things. Go through some tutorials and you'll probably find out that the terminal is not that actually all that scary.
Most distros allow you to try them out before you install them. You can run them from a USB stick to let you try a few out before you settle on one. You won't be able to install any programs this way but you'll at least be able to get an idea of the interface and see if there are any you like more than others. Even still you can dual boot your PC with Windows + Linux and switch back and forth whenever you need. It's not an all or nothing ordeal. I still have windows 10 on my machine but I rarely use it now.
Gaming on Linux is better than it's ever been thanks to Steam coming with proton out of the box. protondb.com is your friend for figuring out what games you can run. That being said there are occasionally some rough edges that I have run into personally. I can run most games I want just fine but occasionally I have some issues. I'm just telling you this so you know it's not like a flawless experience. Then again I've also spent plenty of time trying to get games running on my windows PC in the past too so...
My recommendation for a first Linux OS is Ubuntu because in general it's the most popular and has the most support.
Best of luck!
Adding on to this.
If you don't know what a command does you can read the manual running the "man" command. Run "man" followed by the command you want to read about. It also works for some system files too!
Also if you fix something like a driver issue for a game that took a lot of research. WRITE IT DOWN. It WILL come in handy in the future.
So while techie absolutists stayed at Debian/Arch/RHEL,
the commons folks have gone to Linux Mint/Cachy OS/Fedora?
Can I tell you off from Arch Linux?
There are around three Linux families to choose a derivative Linux OS from,
some are more obscure ones and then some really obscure ones.
Choose one of the Linux family OSes and choose the most popular derivative of that one.
So for example Aurora is a derivative of Fedora, which is a derivative of RHEL (derivative-(in)ception).
The reasons to choose derative OSes and not one of the basic main three is that:
- The Linux derative OSes have bells and whistles build on top of the parent OS. This is especially true for the extremely bare bones Arch Linux, that will throw you back into 1985.
- And this is most important... community support! You will at some point have issues and a forum where developers and experienced users can help you out are a godsend. Derivatives tend to have better community support than the bare bone ones. I've experienced this with the Arch Linux community. I'm not sure if Debian or RHEL communities would haved fared better, but to me this community felt like having a conversation with a real life Sheldon Cooper. I am really thankful for the excellent expert level help I did get there, but I will not go there back again. And I don't know if I even can, because the last time I was there, I got banned for a third time.
I've had great experiences on the Ubuntu, Linux Mint and Manjaro communities. Other communities from less popular Linux OSes have been too small in my experience to get help on time.
For Debian, the most popular one right now is Linux Mint, a derivative of Ubuntu (derivative-(in)ception).
It used to be Ubuntu, but Ubuntu tends to take big moves and risks that don't always pay off.
Linux Mint I consider to be the safe option for beginners.
Debian is known for stability.
For Redhat it's Fedora. I haven't used it that much.
Redhat is known for good security.
For Arch it's Endeavour OS and recently Cachy OS.
It used to be Manjaro, but they fumbled a lot on security issues.
Arch is known for having the best documentation,
and the largest amount of software available,
especially made by fellow users,
and if I may add myself, having the best package manager.
I still use Manjaro myself, because I don't feel enough need to switch to a new one,
and I like the community there.
These folks are all giving great advice but also let us know when you're ready to really fuck around and have fun with your Linux superpowers 😀
You, in practically no time at all: "Nearly everything is working great! Now I want to make my desktop change it's background to NASA's picture of the day while also putting all my PC's status monitors on there. Oh! And I want my PC to back itself up every hour over the network automatically with the ability to restore files I deleted last week. I've got KDE Connect on my phone and it's awesome!"
Then, later: "I bought a Raspberry Pi and I want to turn it into a home theater streaming system and emulation station."
...and later: "What docker images do you guys recommend? I want to setup some home automation. What do you guys think of Pi-hole?"
"I've got four Raspberry Pis doing various things in my home and I'm thinking about getting Banana Pi board to be my router. OpenWRT or full Linux on it? What do you guys think?"
...and even later: "I taught myself Python..." 🤣
"I want to copy my root, home, and boot partition contents into a bigger drive I formatted with in terminal. Let's boot from it and see what breaks."
::: spoiler spoiler
/etc/fstab partition UUIDs needed to be fixed by hand. GRUB config needed to be updated to launch straight into bash and I needed to remount the root directly as R/W because GRUB was trying to protect me from myself.
:::
- before you switch, sort out your apps. Look at what you use on windows, see if it runs on Linux. If not, find a replacement that does and test it out.
- Most Linux distros can boot into a desktop from a thumb drive. You can play and test without touching your windows installation.
- in that vein, ventoy is neat. You can make a bootable drive and drop ISOs in a folder to boot from. No messing with etcher or whatever it’s called
- desktop environment matters as much as the distro. Check out gnome, KDE, and cinnamon.
If a computer is a car, then Linux(the Kernal) is the chassis. Mint (the distro) is the motor, and Cinnamon (the desktop environment) is the fancy interior.
KDE plasma is a fancy interior that works with tons of different motors.
Cinnamon is designed for mint and works best with it.
DISCLAIMER: All of this is analogy and isn't technically correct in a pedantic sense, but it works well enough for me. I'm sorry if my analogy isn't exactly accurate.
The desktop environment is all the stuff like the taskbar, the settings menus, the application launcher, the login screen, that kind of thing. It’s the system level user interface.
You choose which one by which distro you download. Linux mint uses cinnamon, Ubuntu and fedora use gnome. There are “flavors” of Ubuntu and fedora that use KDE. That’s why I suggested ventoy: you can download a few different ones and boot into them without making a new thumb drive.
If you don’t feel like bothering with any of that, just use Linux mint. It’s good.
Okay, so the Linux ecosystem is more modular than Windows. Windows is synonymous with its Graphical User Interface (GUI) for reasons I'll get into later.
With Linux, there are several GUIs available to choose from. These tend to fall into two main categories: Tiling Window Managers, and Desktop Environments.
Tiling Window Managers have minimal on-screen UI elements, usually they're meant to be used with keyboard combos with little usage of the mouse. A major feature is everything that is running is visible on the screen, when you open a new window, another window divides in half to give it room, "tiling" the screen. Some examples of TWMs include i3 and Awesome.
Desktop Environments are going to be more familiar to newcomers from Windows or MacOS. They're made more for mouse control, several have what you would recognize as a taskbar, start menu and system tray. Windows can be stacked on top of each other like papers on a desktop, exactly like MS Windows does. Some more closely resemble MacOS though none behave exactly the same way. Some examples of DEs include Gnome, KDE, MATE, and Cinnamon.
Cinnamon is a DE made by the Linux Mint development community, and the default/flagship DE for Linux Mint. It is designed to be familiar and easy to use for Windows users. KDE's Plasma DE is similar in many ways to Mint although it's based on different tech; KDE is based on qt, Cinnamon is a distant fork of Gnome and based on GTK. Some are designed to be more minimal so they take up less system resources, like xfce and LXDE, others are trying mostly to resemble MacOS, like ElementaryOS' Pantheon DE. Then there's Gnome, which I goddamn hate.
For a beginner, the choice of DE is going to present most of the differences you'll notice when trying out distros. It can be instructive to try, say, Kubuntu and Fedora KDE. Both ship with the KDE Plasma desktop, but the underlying OSes are different. Then try out, say, Fedora Workstation (with the Gnome desktop) and Fedora KDE. That exercise will give you a good understanding of distro vs DE.
Edit to add: It's kind of like launchers on Android. You can go in the Google Play store and install a different launcher on your phone, you can make a Samsung Galaxy look like a Google Pixel. Linux DEs work the same way, you can install KDE or Cinnamon the same way you'd install a normal app, you can have multiple and switch between them. It's not a great idea but you can.
Here are three variants of Linux Mint with different Desktop Environments: (click their example image to make it larger)
- Linux Mint (Cinnamon Edition) - the default, I'd use that until you have a reason not to
- Linux Mint (MATE Edition)
- Linux Mint (XFCE Edition)
All of those are Linux Mint, they use pretty much the same core tools under the hood, but the desktop environments change how you engage with them. Mostly the way things look, the way you organize programs on your screen, and the default apps (like which text editor it comes with by default). This can change your experience a lot, I think Cinnamon looks nice and is smooth, while MATE and XFCE are more lightweight and might be better for older computers or if you don't like something about Cinnamon.
Now, those are all somewhat similar, they have a program start menu in the bottom left, a taskbar on the bottom, the basics are familiar. There are some (not officially supported by Mint) which are more different, like GNOME (Ubuntu's desktop default) which has a different app launcher instead of a start menu and a different way of switching between programs. Then, as others mentioned, some people choose to not even install a pre-designed Desktop Environment and only install some of the more core components of a DE, like the Window Manager. People who really love the keyboard might use a tiling window manager, these tend to make you think "wow, this person's a hacker", where they'll rapidly switch between programs using keyboard controls, with the window manager automatically shifting and dividing new windows so that they tile together to fill the screen. Loosely speaking, the opposite of a tiling window manager is a floating window manager, where windows just float and you move them around with your mouse, just like Windows (well, apart from the tiling options in more recent Windows versions when you can drag a window into the corner and it tiles to fill the screen.) I think the "best of both worlds" midpoint is a dynamic WM? I'm not sure. hyprland is an example of that.
Ubuntu Desktop PC operating system | Ubuntu
Fast, secure and stylishly simple, the Ubuntu operating system is used by 50 million people worldwide every day.Ubuntu
TL;DR: Try installing some on virtual box, by all means try Linux mint cinnamon but also try Ubuntu and Fedora KDE.
Linux has some jargon and since you want to learn I'll give you a quick rundown of how a variation of Linux is composed.
"Kernel" is what makes Linux Linux. It's a way of interacting with the hardware.
A "distribution" or "distro" is a one of the many flavors of Linux.
They are usually "based" on a common foundation like Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch, Nix and whatever. These also work like an onion where Mint is based on Ubuntu which in turn is based on Debian, all of which use some version of the Linux kernel.
A that's just a base will just get you a terminal (also called a shell or console) and is very useful to make a server for example.
What most people think of as an OS is the user interface (i.e. clickable shit). The terminology in Linux for that is "desktop environment" (DE).
You'll see a lot of distributions mix and watch between a base and a desktop environment such as Fedora with KDE, Ubuntu (Ubuntu with Gnome), Kubuntu (Ubuntu with KDE), Bazzite (Fedora silverblue base with either gnome, KDE or deck DE).
You mentioned Cinnamon. Cinnamon is a desktop environment for Mint so a Linux Mint Cinnamon contains the code of the following:
Linux kernel, Debian, Ubuntu and Mint as a base and Cinnamon to interact with it by using a mouse and keyboard.
There are currently three bases that are really popular right now, Ubuntu, Fedora and Arch. In the DE there are currently two that are most advanced, namely KDE and Gnome but Cinnamon is not far behind.
In all honestly, none of this matters all too much, just install a couple of popular distros on a virtual machine like Virtual Bok and do a vibe check.
Take a couple of these, install some programs and fuck around with the settings for a bit, install themes and whatever or watch a quick YouTube video on it:
* Ubuntu (gets hate for being corporate but is solid, uses Gnome)
* Linux mint Cinnamon
* Fedora KDE
* EndavourOS (an arch based distro that's supposedly easy, haven't tried it)
* Bazzite (weird way to install programs through the package manager but hard to fuck up beyond repair)
* Something with the Xfce DE just to see the "lightweight" look.
If your library is on steam, then there's nothing to worry about! Works natively on Linux. If your library is on other platforms, I'd honestly think twice about switching full time. Dual booting might be a better option. My library is split amongst multiple platforms and I decided that it wasn't working well enough for me. Steam games will work great though!
Many distros are easy enough to install and navigate as a newbie. My go to for years now has been Linux Mint! It's based on Ubuntu which is based on Debian.
oh that's cool. nope, whole library is on windows on one PC right now.
I was thinking about trying out dual booting to get a feel for it. my understanding was that many programs wont work with linux or require complicated fixes to get them running. so id hate to be left downstream without a paddle, so to speak
Depends which programs. Also, it's very possible that there are open source alternatives
But if you are dead set on using exactly the same program, appdb.winehq.org/ is a database of if and how to make them run on Linux. Wine's core focus is games, but many programs are covered there too
WineHQ - Wine Application Database
Open Source Software for running Windows applications on other operating systems.appdb.winehq.org
yeah adobe isn't something i use regularly. not sure whether you mean photoshop (never) or pdf viewer (which i use adobe for and also hate)
Um, on any given day I'm running Steam, VLC, and Firefox. yeah it seems that those are all better than fine
A lot of people here have already given good advice.
I shall add my experience, recommendation and some tips (may incidentally repeat some of them).
- If you play some games with kernel level anti-cheat (like Rainbow Six Siege, Apex, Valorant, LoL, Fortnite, Battlefield games, Destiny 2 among others), you will have to stick to dual-boot. Check on ProtonDB for compatibility of games.
I have 500+ games on Steam and pretty much everything I've played has worked so far.
In terms of other software you use, make sure you have alternatives that work on Linux.
- For Photoshop, there's Krita/GIMP.
- For Video editing, there's Kdenlive, DaVinci Resolve, etc.
- For browsing and office apps, there's LibreWolf and LibreOffice.
If you happen to have any software that you don't have a good alternative or that only runs on Windows, then you'll have to stick to dual booting.
- If you do end up dual booting, DO NOT use your external HDD in NTFS to run games on linux. It will work for a while, but you'll constantly have to 'chkdsk' or check disk on Windows every time your HDD is found corrupted.
Also, NTFS is Windows' proprietary filesystem. So, I've heard that using ntfs-fix (chkdsk equivalent on linux) might cause data loss. Not sure how far it's true, but be cautious of using that too.
But otherwise, I believe that just reading files from NTFS drive usually is not a problem.
- If you are NOT dual booting however, you won't have to face this mess. You can backup the data on your HDD somewhere, format it in 'ext4' filesystem for Linux-only use ('Exfat' if you want to share any data with others on Windows/Mac) and restore all your files back to this HDD in ext4. Hope you have extra HDD with enough free space to move your files while you convert disks to ext4. You can also probably use cloud services for backup.
- I've used Ubuntu, Mint, Arch and Fedora.
- Had faced a lot of issues with Ubuntu back in the day, and Snap Steam is a mess. So, avoid it.
- Mint is easy to use, removes snap from Ubuntu and just uses apt, has a great Desktop Environment called Cinnamon, and I'd usually recommend this to someone new, but I wanted to shift from X-11 to Wayland for security reasons and HDR support among others. If Wayland worked well with Mint, I'd still be using it today, but that was the only reason I moved away from it.
- While Arch is nice, it's certainly not for someone new.
- That leaves us with Fedora KDE, which would be my recommendation. It has good security features like SE-Linux out of the box.
The reason I suggest KDE over Gnome is so that you might have an easier transition from Windows to Linux. Once you have a hang of this, you can later use a pen drive to load other distro with other DE like Gnome, XFCE, Cinnamon, Cosmic, etc and test them out by live booting.
- Speaking of pendrives, make sure to always have one with Ventoy installed and the distribution you're using. This will be handy if you want to troubleshoot your system anytime.
And I say Ventoy over others because it makes loading distro easier. You can just drag and drop the ISO files instead of having to burn with Balena Etcher or Rufus everytime.
- Rufus is great, but if you're moving out of Windows, you don't need it.
- And I have seen a lot of people have trouble with using Balena Etcher. So, avoid it.
- Turn off Secure Boot in BIOS. (And maybe also fast boot).
- And if your disk is on RAID instead of AHCI, you might have trouble installing. So, you might want to set your SATA configuration to AHCI mode in BIOS if you face issues.
- If you end up choosing Fedora, you may want to follow this.
Fedora only comes with FOSS by default. So, you'll have to install Nvidia driver and proprietary multimedia Codecs separately by including RPMFusion repo.
- You can download the free and non-free repo files from the RPM-Fusion site(Graphical Setup) and install them through the Software Center. After adding the repo, you might have to enable them in the Settings of Discover Software Center.
Enable all of them except those containing the words 'testing', 'Test', 'Source', 'Debug' and 'google chrome'.
- After that, it's just a few lines you type in the terminal (Konsole by default) for installing driver and codecs. Make sure to update the system and restart first before doing these.
For Nvidia driver, type:
sudo dnf install akmod-nvidia
For optional CUDA support, type:
sudo dnf install xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-cuda
For Video acceleration support, type:
sudo dnf install nvidia-vaapi-driver libva-utils vdpauinfo
For Codecs, type:
sudo dnf swap ffmpeg-free ffmpeg --allowerasing
Steam is also included in the non-free repo. You may install it by typing:
sudo dnf install steam
- Other than these, most applications can now be installed directly from the store as a Flatpak. You can select them in the store between Flatpaks, Fedora managed Flatpaks and Fedora Linux app for a particular one.
- For flatpak apps, you'll see a tick next to the developer if they are verified. So, you can look out for that if necessary.
- Make sure 'Flathub' repo is enabled in the Settings of Discover Software Center for the Flatpak apps to appear.
NOTE: Every time the video driver updates, you will have to do a follow-on update for flatpak runtimes. You might see a bunch of 'Application platform' and 'Freedesktop' stuff which you'll have to install.
If you fail to do this, you might suddenly find flatpak applications not working properly.
- Troubleshooting tips:
- If Steam doesn't launch the first time, type:
__GL_CONSTANT_FRAME_RATE_HINT=3 steam
- If your system is frozen, try switching to TTY by pressing (Ctrl+Alt+F3) and going back to GUI by pressing (Ctrl+Alt+F2)*.
*Could be F1 in some cases. - To check what errors you got during the recent boot,
journalctl -b 0 -p err
Apart from the driver installation and some troubleshooting, you generally won't have to use the terminal if you're averse to it.
- In terms of deGoogling, I'd recommend the following:
- Buy a pixel and install Graphene OS.
Switch to
- Tuta/Proton Mail for email,
- Proton/Tresorit Drive for storage,
- Mullvad (or i, proton) VPN or (Rethink DNS for firewall)
I am not sure if you can use both Rethink and VPN at the same time. I assume there is a way.
- OsmAnd for maps,
- Newpipe for youtube frontend(Grayjay on Linux),
- Bitwarden/KeepassXC for Password management,
- Aegis for TOTP
- Fdroid, Accrescent, Aurora for App store.
- Molly FOSS for Messaging.
Can't forget Zen Browser for best productivity browser. Also Ungoogled Chromium
OP if you want to use AI locally but privately then use Ollama with Open Web UI
Also HuggingChat is an AI Chatbot that can do all kinds of stuff with the 1-tap community extensions, models, and assistants avilable. Website is free with an account. Use as a web app for it to be even better experience
When you are more advanced learn distrobox to add apps only available on other distros natively to your laptop
If you have any questions feel free to ask me whenever
I'd suggest to stay away from Brave for any serious purposes 'cause you never know what shady things they might be doing.
Case in point, they had previously been changing regular URLs to include affiliate links on their own.
They also have that crypto bloat.
This is graat info. Didn't know about Ventoy before, it sounds really cool.
Just wanted to add that if you're running multiple monitors on an nvidia card, you may find that the second monitor has low fps/stutters on wayland (common on dual graphics laptops). The fix is as follows:
Add these 3 lines to /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf:
options nvidia-drm modeset=1
options nvidia NVreg_UsePageAttributeTable=1 NVreg_InitializeSystemMemoryAllocations=0 NVreg_EnableGpuFirmware=0Add this line to
/etc/environment:KWIN_DRM_DEVICES="/dev/dri/by-path/pci-0000\:01\:00.0-card:/dev/dri/by-path/pci-0000\:00\:02.0-card"You may have to modify the part that says
pci-xxxx\:xx\:xx.x-card with the appropriate values for your graphics card.Run lspci | egrep VGA to list installed PCI graphics cards and try to map the values from there
Disclaimer:
I don't know why this works but it does and it isn't malicious as far as I can tell. If anyone knows what exactly it's doing, I'd like to know please.
Thanks for that info.
I just want to add that the drm modeset is enabled by default ever since the 560 drivers. You only need to do that for the older ones, if I'm right.
Previously, you also had to disable nouveau yourself and Nvidia driver installation used to be a headache. Things have gotten better over the ages. I'm sure this multi-monitor issue will also be fixed soon as well.
Huh, this was definitely a fix I used on an older version that I just moved over to a new install with the new drivers so the drm modset line may not be necessary anymore yeah. I'll check next time I connect to my monitor.
And yeah, it's def gonna get better. I've already seen both wayland and nvidia improve significantly over the last 2-3 years so at this rate, things should "just work" pretty soon (insert meme about year of the Linux desktop).
I vividly remember struggling to get proprietary drivers working on Fedora 37 (or 38, it's been a minute) only to have them break on the next version on my previous laptop. It was definitely much MUCH easier to install on Fedora 42 on my current one and updates haven't broken anything for me since 40.
Well, it's just 4-5 lines that you're going to have to type and it's just a one-time thing. Surely, it's not that intimidating.
Bazzite seems to be based on Fedora Kinoite, an atomic desktop. Now, I haven't used atomic desktops. Although I wanted to, I ended up not doing that for the following reason.
From what I understand, you can't easily alter the base image of the system and everything else is a flatpak. This seems fine, but if you end up having to install an application for which there is no Flatpak, how would a non-tech savvy user do that? Still have to use the terminal at that point, I'd bet.
Case in point, even the other day, I came across this application called 'syncplay' for which there's no flatpak alternative and thankfully, Fedora repo had it.
I also hear that if you end up installing apps this way(Layering as it's called?), the update times become slower. You may shed some light on this.
Also, while it may not be as good as a snapshot system of the atomic desktops, the regular Fedora nonetheless shows the last two kernel installations on every boot so you could revert back to one if an update goes wrong.
I also have to mention that I always have my important files backed up on HDD or cloud that in the worst case scenario of losing my files on any update, (which hasn't happened so far btw), I can always restore them. In case of Steam games, it shouldn't be a problem if you have a fast internet connection. You should download them back in no-time.
That is another reason I can still live without having to use a stable atomic desktop.
New users find the terminal very intimidating, I've seen that come up time and again. It's kind of the whole point of Bazzite.
If you're already learning terminal to install software though, at that point you can use a distrobox, install whatever you want in it, and then export the application to your usual application menu. It'll launch the container in the background when you start the application, and shut it down automatically too. It's a little slower than a usual launch but it's still just a stripped down container so it's fine.
I tried two distros in the past week after your recommendation - Bazzite and Nobara.
Bazzite is just like you say and all's good most of the time and I'm getting used to an atomic distro too. The only problem I seem to be having is that my GPU Freezes very often even while just browsing and I have to force-restart to recover.
journalctl shows me this error.
[drm:nv_drm_gem_alloc_nvkms_memory_ioctl [nvidia_drm]] ERROR [nvidia-drm] [GPU ID ....] Failed to allocate NVKMS memory for GEM object
I don't know if this is because Bazzite uses a slightly older Nvidia (open) driver(570.64) and kernel(6.14.6) or because of something else.
However, I don't have this issue on Nobara and it uses the latest 6.15.4 and Nvidia (proprietary? akmod) driver (570.153).
Correlation is not probably causation, but this might be one thing to consider.
And I've had issues with nvidia-open drivers in the past, but surely a lot of them seem to have gone now.
Thanks. The downloader gives me an option to rebase, which I find easier to use. It shows me an option to download from ostree-unverified-registry, but I chose to do it from ostree-image-signed:docker instead. Don't know why the signed image is not shown on the downloader by default.
That said, after switching to nvidia from nvidia-open, the driver version still remains the same. Let's see if I get freezes again in the upcoming days.
Also, there are two applications that I use outside of flatpak - a firewall(Safing Portmaster) and another password manager, for which I have to install using the rpm installer.
The password manager has no problem installing using the rpm-ostree install <name.rpm> command. However, Portmaster installs, but won't work because of the following error which I found from journalctl.
<br />Jul 05 16:28:23 bazzite systemd[1]: Started portmaster.service - Portmaster by Safing.
Jul 05 16:28:29 bazzite portmaster-start[5786]: Error: failed to exec lock: open /opt/safing/portmaster/core-lock.pid: read-only file system
Jul 05 16:28:29 bazzite systemd[1]: portmaster.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jul 05 16:28:29 bazzite portmaster-start[5860]: Error: please set the data directory using --data=/path/to/data/dir
Jul 05 16:28:29 bazzite systemd[1]: portmaster.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.Someone has supposedly a work in-progress script to make this work, but I don't think I'm qualified to scrutinize if doing this brings down the security of the system in any way.
And I don't know if many other rpm installers have the same trouble installing in atomic distros because it's a read-only file system.
For now, I'll have to live without my favorite firewall.
Update:
Okay, I keep getting the same freeze again with the proprietary nvidia driver too. My suspicion is now heavily on Secureboot being enabled. Some Arch people kept warning me about this back in the day.
I'm going to use Bazzite without it and probably rebase again to open driver if there is no more freezes.
Update 2:
Unfortunately, even with secureboot disabled, I kept getting freezes. Got 3 freezes and I felt done with this. Replaced Bazzite with Nobara again.
Nvidia driver worked for a while. But, after I temporarily switched back to another atomic distro I'm dual booting on a completely separate drive(which requires secure boot for nvidia driver to work and it did work), Nobara stopped loading nvidia driver despite clearing all secure boot keys and installing the default one in UEFI/BIOS and turning off SecureBoot.
Apparently, the efi also has to be modified again. I didn't bother doing it and reinstalled Nobara again since that will reset the efi anyway.
Now, the driver is working again.
I swear to any seemingly non-existent higher power that I'll never use any distro that requires secure boot. Lol. I'm gonna reinstall Arch on my second drive now.
That said, I'd probably recommend Bazzite to anyone not having Nvidia GPU and it's a pretty impressive project. It even comes with Wallpaper Engine baked in.
My friend and I were having a hard time making it work on their system. We were trying some solutions we found on github and some C++ file didn't have a particular header or something. Took a while to get it work and it was kinda messy later on too with the plasma shell crashing cause of it.
Having additions like this would surely make life easier for regular users who would not want to deal with that mess.
People are afraid of the terminal because Windows has a shitty, unfriendly terminal. One of the things that brought me back to Linux was the cool-looking terminals. They make me feel like I'm Hackerman.
Linux isn't just a different operating system. It's a paradigm shift. Windows is always going to dominate as long as people are trapped in a Windows mindset.
I was you 18 months ago. It's certainly achievable, even with a crazy busy schedule. Highly recommended that you go for it.
Here are the unpopular opinions that attract downvotes:
* adopting Linux is painful. Stuff breaks. Stuff doesnt work. You will be battling uphill, but hopefully you'll find it worthwhile in the end.
* moving to Linux permanently wouldn't have been possible for me without AI. Now you can ask AI and it will almost always solve the problem for you. In the old days, you'd just have forum posts saying "just compile the driver and do a 10 step process with terminal that you need to figure out from the wiki....noob". But now, these previously system breaking problems are now easily solvable without spending the whole weekend on a single issue.
* don't let go of Windows to start with. Put Linux on a secondary machine. Do not dual boot, you will break your installation and won't be able to troubleshoot it and will have to do a full wipe (along with the time and data loss that comes with that).
* Don't get caught up in the distro wars. Pick Linux Mint, or a similar very beginner friendly distro. I prefer KDE desktop so I would recommend something else..... But don't go for anything with even moderate difficulty.
* Check protondB.com for the games you play. Some don't work on Linux (e.g. Apex Legends).
Yeah, this. In fact, going with hardware that's too-too new can lead to a different problem on Linux.
OP, if you're buying hardware, it's worth web searching to make sure people have tried it on Linux and are having good experiences with it. Since most manufacturers only care if their stuff works on Windows, it can take a little while for Linux devs to write drivers and get them shipped in Linux distros.
There might be a reason they are unpopular.
Stuff breaks? What breaks? I don't have stuff that breaks. Windows has been far more breaky to me over the last decade than Linux has ever been. What have you been doing? This may have been true 20 years ago, but not today.
AI? Look, I helped a friend fix a new install. It wasn't Linux fault, it was a setting in the bios that needed to be changed. But the AI had them trying all sorts of things that were unrelated, and was never going to help. Use with a grain of salt. You shouldn't really need to do much if you can get through the install anyways.
I am really curious what "system breaking problems" you have? My latest laptop over the last 2+ years has been so uneventful and boring. Never used a command line on it, but don't forget when you see people share command line fixes, it is because it is the easiest way to directly share information. Not the only way to do something. My desktop has had a few hiccups over the last 5, but that is what I get for running Arch on it.
Stuff breaks? What breaks? I don't have stuff that breaks. Windows has been far more breaky to me over the last decade than Linux has ever been. What have you been doing? This may have been true 20 years ago, but not today.
I've been trying to adapt to Linux Mint/Cinnamon as my daily driver and yes, stuff breaks. My sata and nvme connected drives kept disappearing every time I started my computer so I had to learn about mounting and auto mount (they are just there on Windows). My game and program installs on Bottles and Lutris kept going "missing" and losing their .exe's. I downloaded 70gb of Guild Wars 2 files at least 8 times because I thought each time I had fixed the "files missing" problem only to have them disappear on reboot. I still didn't figure out what was happening and am only able to play now because I found out how to use the provider portal on Steam. I can't make launcher short cuts from the actual executable, I have to go to the desktop and do it and when I do, it won't let me drag it to my panel for some reason. When I thought I had found a solution, I reactivated some launcher applets and ended up with three different instances of my panel launcher icons and still no ability to add new ones. My systems connected to the same ethernet used to show up in my network panel and I was able to access my shared folders and media files but they all stopped showing up a few days ago and I had to learn all about Samba share and minimum and maximum server protocols and still am trying to find a solution.
Yes, Windows breaks stuff too, but Linux is NOT a perfect product that works flawlessly for everyone and [@cRazi_man@europe.pub is right. All of their points are things I've been struggling with and would warn a Linux noob about. I personally would rather trust those random forum posts than LLM summaries (and have solved some issues that way) but otherwise I agree with each of their bullet points.
Yes mounting is different, but that is not a Linux issue. Same as when you boot into windows, but an EXT formatted drive will not appear AND it will never mount. Windows helpful choice is "unknown" and offer to format. These are just OS differences, not breakages.
Cinnamon might be part of your problem with shortcuts.....
Yeah SMB shares can be tricky. I have issues with them in Windows as well, not linux specifically.
I am not saying linux is perfect. All computers rely on a person being able to deal with them. I just find it much more stable then windows ever was. You add bottles and Lutris into the mix, and now it is a third party software issue: just like plenty of software in windows as well.
when introducing new people to Linux it’s best to acknowledge there may be some tinkering and adaptation needed to get things working as they should.
Depends on what "should" means. My printer for example will not work with windows. It works fine with linux. So.... that really is a printer driver issue. No matter which one it works with.
As for the OS out of the box, everything works on a fresh install of either - although linux is far more loaded with ready to go software, and windows requires you to add it. And any of the software you add to either can cause breakages, that is computing.
I noticed over the years that Linux works fairly well for people who did not start with windows first. Both have learning curves, but habits are habits.
I am going to take my linux laptop for an example: 2 years. No tinkering. There is nothing to do, it just works.
My other laptop (windows): damn thing need tinkering all the time: turn off this, regedit that, just to get the nagware and crap out. Won't allow remote desktop with the license, needs drivers to be updated, software that came with it is bloatware garbage.
I've been tinkering with my Linux machine for the past 8 months or so, and having random issues like the ones I listed and more besides that I've already solved. Meanwhile my old Windows 7 machine has been working flawlessly for about 8 years, no regedits or crap software issues. I think I had a driver issue with my mouse a couple years ago that I clicked a button and it fixed it. My laptop running Windows 7 also has been working flawlessly since about 2016 beyond prompting me to format media that I connect to it, but I press a button and that goes away. Recently I've been having compatibility issues with software because it's such an old OS but as you said, that's a 3rd party software issue, not a problem with Windows 7.
Glad your Linux experience is so smooth though. Must be nice!
This is a pointless conversation man. There are clearly plenty of Linux zealots on Lemmy. Noobs like me have had a hard time with Linux. I've never understood the argument that "my experience was different, so your experience is invalid". Once someone learns about something, they forget what it's like to have no knowledge of the thing.
The Linux community was reacting like this when Linus (from LTT) installed PopOS and tried to install Steam and it somehow wiped his desktop environment. Shit happens in Linux and the noob experience is brushed aside, while touting "the year of Linux". I really don't get it.
I agree with your overall point, as a long time Linux, Windows and Mac poweruser who has shepherded many into a new OS in the past. People who don't like to explore new/different technologies as a hobby get quite comfortable with whatever they're used to and the way that it works and then quickly lose empathy for those that are earlier in their journeys.
Just to clarify on the Linus Pop!_OS thing, he didn't read the prompt that said he was about to uninstall his desktop environment and then typed in "yes I understand this can break my system" or something like that, which had been added as a prompt to keep people from not reading the warning. Anyways people got mad that he did that because he literally ignored the warning and *the meaning of the words he had to type* that had been added to idiot proof the thing.
I'm glad it worked smoothly for you and it sometimes is a smooth effortless experience for some people; but if you want to "convert" people then you've got to be honest about the fact that people commonly face difficulties. I've commented about my Linux issues before and I can paste the comment again here to give an example:
One of the first issues I had problems with was figuring out what was wrong with Street Fighter 6 giving ultra low frame rates in multiplayer, but working fine in single player. It needed disabling of split lock protections in the CPU.
A recent update in OpenSUSE made the computer fail to boot half the time and made the image on the right half of the screen garbled. I rolled back to before the update and am using it without updating for a few weeks to see if the GPU driver problem gets ironed out (AMD GPU).
I installed VMware Horizon for my job's remote work login and it fucked up my Steam big picture mode and controller detection. I didn't bother trying to figure that out and just uninstalled VMware remote desktop.
I managed to install my printer driver, but manually finding the correct RPM file to install would not be tolerable for normies. Update: I'm using CachyOS now and the Brother website says Arch plainly isn't supported. When I install the driver from AUR that's specific to my printer, then it doesnt print and just spews out endless blank pages.
I still can't get my Dualshock 3 controller to pair via Bluetooth despite instructions on the OpenSUSE wiki. I've stopped trying to troubleshoot that and use my 8BitDo controller instead.
I still can't find a horizontal page scrolling PDF app.
Figuring out how to edit fstab to automount my secondary drives is not a process normies would be able to execute. I still can't figure out how to use this to auto-mount my Synology NAS.
Plasma added monitor brightness controls to software and these seem to have disappeared for me now, and I can't figure out why. It reappears intermittently, but then disappears when it feels like.
My KDE Plasma task bar widgets for monitoring CPU/GPU temp worked till I reinstalled OpenSUSE, and I can't figure out why they've decided to not work on this fresh install. System monitor can see the temperature sensors just fine still. Update: this seems to have fixed itself (maybe through am update?).
Flatpak Steam app wouldn't pick up controllers for some reason. Minor issue, but unnecessary jankiness.
My laptop fingerprint reader plainly isn't supported.
Trying to set up dual boot kept destroying (I.e. making unbootable) either the Linux install or the Windows install. I have up eventually as I couldn't figure out how to fix GRUB from the command line.
I've been trying to find a solution for keeping a downloaded synchronised copy of my online storage (Mailbox.org). Can't figure out rsync. I get an error with Celeste and it doesn't sync after the initial file install. Having a 2 way sync for online storage could be considered a pretty basic requirement these days and something Mailbox can easily suggest an app for in Windows.
People do not tolerate this amount of jankiness. And this doesn't include the discomfort with relearning minor design differences between OS's when switching. Linux is a bit of a battle with relearning and troubleshooting things that would never be problematic on Windows. I know we all love Linux, but allow people to be honest rather than being dismissive. I had over 2 decades of experience with Windows and it had its quirks and problems, but my preexisting familiarity with it made it much easier to use and troubleshoot.
Sure I know I'm a noob and not doing this right. But that's the point.....can someone with limited knowleddge still work this OS?
Not so much help but hope: I got rid of Windows 11 and switched fully to Linux Mint a few weeks ago. I had no idea what I was doing but I tested things on USB and also on a very old laptop I had laying around before I made it my daily driver.
I'm not particularly a tech person. I own a small creative business and have a toddler, but I figured out what I needed to quickly. I don't game and didnt use Winsows exclusive software so have no opinions about that.
What I didn't expect: to actually be genuinely interested in my computer again for the first time since I was a teenager (which was not recent...). I love customizing my desktop. I love discovering new open source software. I'm learning more than I expected and it's just a totally different relationship with the tech I use every day, in a nice way. And no more BS ads / bloat when I'm just trying to exist on my computer.
I agree. Arch has been my current favorite distribution for several years now, but it's almost impossible to maintain without having to drop into the shell occasionally. I have EndeavourOS installed on my wife's laptop and she's been happily using it for nearly a year; bauh helps with software installs, but I still generally drop into a shell for the full -Syu upgrades, and you have to use the shell at least once just to install bauh as it's not a core package.
You might be able to avoid the shell to use bauh if you use the AppImage; I haven't tried that. bauh can apparently do system upgrades, but I haven't tried that yet and I need to see how it handles news; Arch is fairly cavalier about pushing out breaking changes that require extra user steps which need to be discovered by reading the news posts.
I agree that Arch isn't the best "first linux" distribution.
GitHub - vinifmor/bauh: Graphical user interface for managing your Linux applications. Supports AppImage, Debian and Arch packages (including AUR), Flatpak, Snap and native Web applications
Graphical user interface for managing your Linux applications. Supports AppImage, Debian and Arch packages (including AUR), Flatpak, Snap and native Web applications - vinifmor/bauhGitHub
There is hope lots of YouTube channels, articles by bloggers such as Its Foss, and guides to Linux all over
Especially for Linux Mint (Similar to Windows), Pop!_OS (Similar to MacOS), and Bazzite (Gaming-Productivity Distro, Similar to SteamOS)
The latter 2 work out of the box for gaming if that's your thing
You got this. Learn little by little each day and engage with community as much as you can. Maybe join some Voyager for Lemmy, Bluesky, Discord, etc communities
I'd say try Kubuntu. It's like Ubuntu but with KDE (Windows-like user interface) instead of GNOME (shitty Mac clone turned tablet like interface). It's well-supported and is easy to use. Also supports new technologies like HDR which Mint is lacking. Though you can install KDE on pretty much any distro (Mint included) but it's a good starting place.
Note to fellow Linux veterans: Yes, I know snaps suck but it is not something new users need concearn themselves with. Kubuntu is a great distro except for snaps which aren't going to affect OP's use-case (or most use-cases. Also sorry for shitting on GNOME so much. If you like it that's cool, I just don't think we should be recomending it to people coming from Windows.
Consider your library: most games will be able to run fine on Linux. However, if you predominantly play online multiplayer games which require anticheat you should check compatibility on ProtonDB.
Second, consider your hardware: if your GPU is AMD you're good to go. Nvidia might have issues (not sure if this has been resolved since I last had to look into it).
Finally, choose a distro: I'd recommend Ubuntu or anything Ubuntu-based. There's a lot of mixed answers in the Linux community and definitely a ton of hate for Ubuntu. However, as someone who has been running Linux for nearly a decade at this point, there are a few key points:
- Ubuntu is debian based, so it's extremely stable(but not as slow to update)
- Ubuntu is very beginner friendly, and you won't need to touch the terminal if you don't want to
- Everyone hates on snaps, but for you I don't think you'll run into an issue with it.
Personally, I steer towards debian based distros for my devices as well because I'd rather spend time messing with the software I'm running or other things NOT debugging why my config is suddenly shitting the bed
Distro: short for distribution. Linux is not an operating system. It's a piece of technology (specifically something called a kernel) you can use to create an OS. Those Linux based OSs are referred to as distros. We are usually not calling them "Versions" because the Linux Kernel is also frequently seeing updates and that would just cause confusion.
Debian and Ubuntu: Popular distros. Ubuntu tends to be a bit more user friendly than Debian and was the default recommendation for new user for a long time. In recent years its popularity among enthusiasts declined because of a series of unpopular decisions, mainly the adaptation of something called snaps which is not completely open source and takes a bit more time to launch apps than alternatives. Debian on the other hand really values stability. Updates arrive less frequently than on other distros but undergo really rigorose testing.
Lots of good advice here. I’ll add a bit about dual booting.
1) the problem with dual booting is when you use the same physical hard drive. Windows doesn’t play nice sometimes on the same drive. Just do yourself a favor and buy a second ssd. Then you can break linux six ways to Sunday and always have a windows backup. (And if you want to be extra safe - you can just unplug your windows drive during Linux install and you can’t f up and pick the wrong drive by accident)
2) dual booting is nice just in case something doesn’t work - you can easily switch back to windows.
3) dual booting sucks because there’s very few things that don’t work in Linux - it just requires a little elbow grease to figure out. But having a windows partition right there leads to many people giving up way too early with fixing their issues.
My recommendation is always to have more than one drive in your computer. It’s YOUR computer. Regardless of what you pick as your “main” OS, you always have another spot to screw around in. Distro hop, extra storage, set up a hiveos miner, whatever. Its flexibility and screwing around with other things helps you understand what’s YOUR computer vs what is Microsoft’s OS.
Hey, I'm glad that my Obviously Sprcial Idea of getting another ssd just for linux have legs. I decided this is my plan going forward to learn Linux as daily driver and gaming.
Now there's only the first step that I have to make.
Garuda is actually my daily driver these days, and I quite enjoy it. It does mostly just work, and I also like their desktop theming. The GUI installer is great for easy hardware detection and setup. But, that's coming from a more experienced old tinkerer who was initially looking for some lazy troubleshooting with NVIDIA graphics on a new gaming laptop, and liked the distro enough to end up switching over.
I wouldn't necessarily recommend any rolling release to someone completely new to Linux. The devs have done a pretty good job at making some things more user friendly, but we are talking about Arch with some extra tools bolted on. You'd better be prepared for things to break occasionally, and to need to do some tinkering around under the hood.
On the plus side, you ARE dealing with Arch with all the info resources/user community built up around that, plus the Garuda community tends to be pretty helpful from what I've seen. You are going to periodically need to figure out how to fix stuff, however--and better to be aware of that going in. Some people are going to be more fine with the idea than others, but it is liable to provide a steeper learning curve for someone just getting started with Linux.
I have 15 years of experience and do free infinite troubleshooting on matrix, feel free to add me. I recommend you go with aurora, because it is immutable, kde based, and well documented.
immutable means the base system is read only and updates are applied ontop of it, meaning you can easily roll back an update that went bad, and the apps are separate from the core operating system and thus can never break them (unless you try really hard).
kde is a desktop environment, it is most similar to windows and the rate of development dwarfs almost everything else, please whatever you do for your first system use kde.
aurora is a slightly modified fedora and fedora is one of the most commonly used options, the reason not to use base fedora is that aurora includes some QoL features, for example because of issues with patents twitch doesn't work on fedora but does on aurora.
Not who you asked, jumping in until they reply: Windows and most GNU/Linux distros are much further apart than most GNU/Linux distros are to each other. Unless you're doing a lot of manual meddling or using hacky tools, the biggest change between Mint (Ubuntu/Debian-based) and a Fedora-based distro, in my experience, was that apt is replaced by dnf, so if you install apps from the command line instead of a prettier software manager (I did lots of programming so this was normal for me) then the names of programs and libraries were a bit different. I'd also make a list of things you've installed (VPN software, chat apps, etc.) and look them up in the Fedora packages site or their own website and make sure they're all available. I would assume they would be, Fedora is popular enough.
The desktop environment (Cinnamon vs. KDE) will be an initial change, but they're both familiar enough with a program menu, task bar, like how Mint lets you carry over some of that same basic surface-level intuition that Windows taught.
That the worst linux distro would be vastly better than windows (not that mint is the worst, that'd be manjaro)
honestly it isn't much to learn but the returns are very diminished if you're already on a linux distro, I mostly make this recommendation if you're just starting out, if you're perfectly happy there isn't much need to switch, but more up to date software, kde over cinnamon, and immutability are huge advantages for many people.
like, just for an idea of why kde is better for beginners, the kde text editor alone gets more code changes than all of cinnamon combined per month, and by a lot. Kde is always rapidly improving.
basically on aurora you just use discover for all software and updates and don't even need the cli, it's pretty easy to learn honestly, and if something goes wrong that a simple google can't fix feel free to message me I do free infinite linux troubleshooting.
here's a copypasted post I made on mint and beginners "A lot of people are going to recommend you mint, I honestly think mint is an outdated suggestion for beginners, I think immutability is extremely important for someone who is just starting out, as well as starting on KDE since it’s by far the most developed DE that isn’t gnome and their… design decisions are unfortunate for people coming from windows.
I don’t think we should be recommending mint to beginners anymore, if mint makes an immutable, up to date KDE distro, that’ll change, but until then, I think bazzite is objectively a better starting place for beginners.
The mere fact that bazzite and other immutables generate a new system for you on update and let you switch between and rollback automatically is enough for me to say it’s better, but it also has more up to date software, and tons of guides (fedora is one of the most popular distros, and bazzite is essentially identical except with some QoL upgrades).
How common is the story of “I was new to linux and completely broke it”? that’s not a good user experience for someone who’s just starting, it’s intimidating, scary, and I just don’t think it’s the best in the modern era. There’s something to be said about learning from these mistakes, but bazzite essentially makes these mistakes impossible.
Furthermore because of the way bazzite works, package management is completely graphical and requires essentially no intervention on the users part, flathub and immutability pair excellently for this reason.
Cinnamon (the default mint environment) doesn’t and won’t support HDR, the security/performance improvements from wayland, mixed refresh rate displays, mixed DPI displays, fractional scaling, and many other things for a very very long time if at all. I don’t understand the usecase for cinnamon tbh, xfce is great if you need performance but don’t want to make major sacrifices, lxqt is great if you need A LOT of performance, cinnamon isn’t particularly performant and just a strictly worse version of kde in my eyes from the perspective of a beginner, anyway.
I have 15 years of linux experience and am willing to infinitely troubleshoot if you add me on matrix."
This is the book that got me on the train. I have so many tech books but they all started with this. I'm a terminal afficianado now; this got me started. Anyway, good luck and I hope you have a good time.
Yes, ez one (if you have installed operating systems before and know how to paste an error passage into google )
-4hours and your done start to finish. (Given you have standard hardware and don't want to set up something crazy like dual boot with raid and nas)
Moderate complexity if you have never done anything like that, plan 2-6 evenings to get it fully working with everything you need
Also: consider your scopes. For most cases Linux will just work, you just have to get used to some different interfaces.
BUT: some things will not run under linux no matter how hard you try --> google if stuff you can't live without will work
(for me I still have a dual boot windows for playing league of legends and running my vive wireless adapter, as those will not run under Linux.
For games use protonDB
I may be oldschool, but for people not comfortable around terminals I would suggest Debian KDE as it never breaks and the transition from windows is easy. You can do everything from GUI (clicky button interfaces)
For the installation of steam you might need a terminal, but there are good guides online (and you really dont need to be a wizard for that) from where you can just copy paste (when searching just add your distro e.g. "install steam Debian", and once you've got that running you can just run every game from within steam.
Since Steam has done a lot of work with proton, most games just run under Linux. In steam: Install-->play
For nearly all games not directly running, you can just force them to run with proton. It will say:
"Game not compatible" in steam, you just click the gear icon on the right to open settings, go to "compatibilty" and tick "force use of compatibility layer" and select the newest proton from the drop down
The button where steam previously said "not compatible" magically turns into the blue "install" button we all know and love. And nearly all games run with only minor inconveniences (like showing keyboard hotkeys even when playing with a gamepad) or no issues at all.
You need to be aware that some games using kernel level anticheat (e.g. league of legends, valorant) can not and will never run on Linux, if the developers of the games don't add the possibility.
EDIT: for programs not related to gaming its often easier to use an alternative, if the program is not available for Linux. Most times its also more privacy foccused, open source and free
Adobe light room --> darktable
Microsoft office --> libre office
Adobe Premiere pro --> davinci resolve/shotcut
Paint/Photoshop --> gimp/davinci/dark table
Edge --> firfox
Notepad --> Kate
Fraps/relive/shadowPlay --> OBS
Etc. Pp.
GitHub - atar-axis/xpadneo: Advanced Linux Driver for Xbox One Wireless Controller (shipped with Xbox One S)
Advanced Linux Driver for Xbox One Wireless Controller (shipped with Xbox One S) - atar-axis/xpadneoGitHub
As others have mentioned, use Mint. Since you game, some games won’t run on Linux because of their anticheat, and to that I decided to use a dual boot system. I gave 500gb to windows, the rest to Linux. Anything that won’t run on Linux (some early access games, COD, Tarkov) goes on the windows partition. 500gb doesn’t seem like much when COD takes about 1/2 of that, but everything else I’ve played runs fine on Linux.
I also like the smaller partition because it makes me be choose what I leave installed, and if I’m not playing, I just uninstall whatever game needs to go
- As others have said, it's possible to play most steam games, but not all. You have to decide if you like those games more than you dislike MS and Goo. I find there's so many great games out there that I'll never get to all of them, so I'm ok with dropping some bangers that usually want too much access to my system.
- Here's a useful resource if you need to understand slightly technical linux foundations linuxjourney.com/ It might not be necessary but it does help to have a foundational understanding, and honestly, the command line is awesome, powerful, and one of my favorite things about linux. Beyond having a basic understanding (and maybe having one of the books the site recommends on hand), before going to an LLM as others have suggested, have official sources of various components bookmarked and go there first. There's so much BS out there now, I actually like the fact that I can read technical documentation, test it out, and know if it's true.
one other tip: I'd recommend some kind of personal knowledge management (PKM) system to take notes. Linux gives you a lot of freedom-- that's what's great about it-- it can be complex and have a learning curve at times. It's absolutely worth it though. It's a totally different paradigm than windows. After a while you can really start crafting the whole system to your needs as an individual. I'm 3 years in and was using my first setup that whole time, i didn't realize how customized I had made it until trying to set it up exactly on a new workstation. Now I'm writing a script so to automate my setup (os settings, program installs, configs) by running a single command. Then I can really start experimenting.
Everybody's different and with a little basic knowledge, everyone's setup can be tweaked to their individual needs a little better than other "user friendly/polished" operating systems. I hope you find as much joy and freedom in it as I do.
That's a big question, but I'll try my best to answer without getting too deep in the weeds.
I'll probably sound like a fanatic, but I use my PKMS for notes, logs, journaling, project and task management, snippets, and documentation. They all have their own structure and flow. It's a Gall's Law kind of situation where I started simple and it worked, so it was extended and slowly evolved to reach it's current complexity.
The beauty of PKMS over a notepad is the loose set of basic features (Wiki-links, tags, templates, etc) that be used in a personalized way to quickly capture, organize, and retrieve info that works best for you and no one else.
As a simple, but detailed example, in the context of learning linux, i might make a "linux" note and dump info there. I put everything in my own words unless I use md quotes (> quoted text) and I add useful links that I also bookmarked in my browser.
When the "linux" page gets bloated, I migrate clusters of info into new notes, wiki-linked in the "linux" note. For example a "distros," note which might have some high level comparisons. I favor making new notes over md headers so it's easier to find and open notes by name (a "quick switcher" hotkey as it's called in obsidian).
When I settle on a distro I might make a note for it to contain wiki-links of default components EG "apt (package manager)," "gnome (desktop environment)," "x (windowing system)" and dump relevant notes there.
If I try wayland, I'd make a "wayland" note but also a "windowing system" note that both wiki-links "x (window system)" and "wayland," and is wiki-linked in each of those notes.
It could get very meticulous, and some folks setup is too much for me, and I'm sure mine is too much for others, but start simple, experiment, find what works, and add to it. In the beginning I had dedicated time just to developing my PKMS. The important thing is quickly recording and retrieving info.
Sometime i do have crazy scrawlings where i just need a notepad to dump info during a deep dive. That would be loosely zettelkasten style with a time-stamped name, sometime with a few extra works for context/search. Sections could be extracted into their own note later. The note itself could be linked to more organized, related notes.
As a more complex, but shorter example, to show how similar tools can be used in a different manner: I'll make a note for a command line program, for example, cat. I have a CLI template with a Useful Flags (options) section. Kind of like a personalized tldr. I'll also have specific notes for complex snippets (AKA one-liners. Real note example: "list-and-sum-all-audio-file-durations") and if it uses cat, i'll tag it #cmd/cat. The CLI template also has a Snippets section that uses dataview to automatically list, in this case, all notes with the #cmd/cat tag. I also have a "command line programs" note that uses a dataview query to list all notes that used the CLI template. Also, a Snippets note using dataview to list all pages created with the snippets template.
There are tools specifically for snippets and personalized tldr, and I may migrate to those eventually-- especially after I have my install script up and running with linked configs-- but the simple tools in PKMSs are really adaptable and make it easy to customize and integrate. Plus it's all md files in a folder, so it's easy to sync and access on multiple machines, including mobile.
I hope that's not TMI. Starting linux can feel overwhelming and I don't want to add to that. Quiet the contrary. I started my PKMS right before my last, permanent switch linux and I think it helped it stick, and 3+ years later I still use [my PKMS] all the time. As I said before, the simple tools that turn a notepad into a PKMS can add a personalized structure to the insane scrawings, making it quick and easy to navigate, find, edit, and add info. You just have to start simple and take your time. I hope that helps. Good luck with the switch!
Just remember to turn steam play on for all titles in Steam -> Settings -> Compatibility.
As others have said, Mint is a great starting option. It looks familiar when coming from Windows, and almost everything works without having to touch a terminal.
AAA games with anti-cheat may not work, but just about everything else will. Check Proton DB for each game's compatibility.
You can add non-Steam games to Steam to take advantage of Proton. Lutris can also work for some Windows games.
If you want to try Linux distributions to see what they're like before committing, VirtualBox or other virtual machine programs can give you a risk-free preview.
Another option is a live preview. Install Linux Mint on a USB using Rufus or a similar program, then boot your computer from the USB. So long as you don't access your computer's hard drive (under devices on the left of the file manager) or run the installer, no changes should be made from your computer. You can simply reboot and remove the USB to go back to your usual OS.
If you are going to dual-boot, install Windows first. Windows has a habit of overriding or deleting Linux if it's installed second. If you just want to shrink your Windows partition to allow room for Linux, shrink it from Windows. Linux can move "unmovable" Windows files resulting in Windows not booting.
Always have a backup of everything you are not prepared to lose before you play with installing operating systems (and make sure it's disconnected from that computer). Data loss from software issues is rare, but mistakes are difficult (sometimes impossible) to reverse, particularly as a beginner.
Rufus - Create bootable USB drives the easy way
Rufus: Create bootable USB drives the easy wayrufus.ie
You have received tons of useful responses, so I will not add more, except to tell you that the change is extremely worth it, easier than it seems and extremely entertaining.
I personally use Kubuntu (I love the KDE environment) and sometimes play Steam games by using Proton.
Good luck on your Linux journey!
thanks! right now the primary obstacle is arranging adequate backup before maling my first attempt.
I have a laptop with Win 11 for troubleshooting so I'm not worried about that. and I have most of my stuff on externals, so there's not much to backup. I just gotta figure out a good way to back up my C drive and a plan for reverting if necessary!
aklsdfjaksl;dfjkl;asdf
:::
Oracle, OpenAI Expand Stargate Deal for More US Data Centers
Link without the paywall
Oracle, OpenAI Ink Additional Stargate Deal for 4.5 Gigawatts of US Data Center
OpenAI has agreed to rent a massive amount of computing power from Oracle Corp. data centers as part of its Stargate initiative, underscoring the intense requirements for cutting-edge artificial intelligence products.Brody Ford (Bloomberg)
Oracle Inks Cloud Deal Worth $30 Billion a Year
Link without the paywall
Oracle Cloud Services Deal Worth $30 Billion a Year
Oracle Corp. said it has signed a single cloud deal worth $30 billion in annual revenue — more than the current size of its entire cloud infrastructure business.Brody Ford (Bloomberg)
Tor + Clearnet Privacy chat app
This app has a clearnet version and tor version as well!
- Clearnet: shadowtalk.yuzukateam.io.vn/
- Tor: 74xhglgkx3yq5o5ibiehpfwoq4jxb62323ydzam56fvqbkuo6kd7tcid (hash)
- And it open source!!!:github.com/plsgivemeachane/Sha…
I really like to get some feedback. Have fun everyone!
GitHub - plsgivemeachane/ShadowTalk
Contribute to plsgivemeachane/ShadowTalk development by creating an account on GitHub.GitHub
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“Il periodo PIÙ DIFFICILE della mia VITA” (il conto della sfiga by ADC)
Ultimamente Alessandrone ha iniziato veramente a spingere… non che non lo facesse da anni e anni, però con questi ultimi video si sta superando pericolosamente tanto. E questo che è uscito stasera penso possa essere interessante per tutti… probabilmente anche perché l’argomento non è lo studio, ehh vabbé. Che poi… da quando ha un giardino […]
octospacc.altervista.org/2025/…
“Il periodo PIÙ DIFFICILE della mia VITA” (il conto della sfiga by ADC)
youtube.com/watch?v=5_QCU4ngCW…Ultimamente Alessandrone ha iniziato veramente a spingere… non che non lo facesse da anni e anni, però con questi ultimi video si sta superando pericolosamente tanto. E questo che è uscito stasera penso possa essere interessante per tutti… probabilmente anche perché l’argomento non è lo studio, ehh vabbé. Che poi… da quando ha un giardino di terra in cui mettersi a scavare per chissà quante ore, praticamente a vuoto, solo per poter fare le scenette cinematograficamente metaforiche che ha deciso di inserire nel video? (Spero vivamente che nessuna creatura orribile strisciante si sia fatta male durante le riprese di questa robaccia.) 🤯
Il video parla del concetto di sfiga, e di quella che tecnicamente è naturalmente intrinseca nella vita stessa di ogni persona sulla Terra, semplicemente per motivi statistici, perché al mondo ogni giorno avvengono infinite cose che semplicemente avvengono per conto loro… e alcune di queste sono soggettivamente buone, mentre altre no, fine. Ovviamente, in questo senso, la sfiga come forza superiore dispettosa non esiste davvero, quindi tecnicamente la concezione popolare che se ne ha è di per sé sbagliata… e conseguentemente dannosa, perché porta a pensare le situazioni del caso in modi sbagliati, che puntualmente possono portare a sviluppare un circolo vizioso di risposte e pensieri negativi, mandando sempre tutto più in vacca, scavando oltre quello che è già il fondo. 😶🌫️
Niente di nuovo sotto il sole, credo… cioè, non l’ho trovato rivoluzionario questo video, e i suoi concetti non mi sono nuovi… forse perché io penso troppo (come ADC, in effetti), mentre l’essere umano medio no? Però le sue metafore sono comunque interessanti e, in parte, le strategie per rimettersi in piedi (a parte il fatto stesso di realizzare queste verità). Certo, io in realtà l’unica di quelle che davvero uso, personalmente, come si vede spesso, è l’autoironia… perché per il resto lo so che le cose scomode che accadono bisogna semplicemente accettarle ed andare avanti, senza scoraggiarsi. Io in realtà in questo sono un caso particolare, perché (come ho accennato altre volte) sono una creatura solo a metà umana, proveniente dallo spazio, piazzata sulla Terra a forza per volere di un’organizzazione intergalattica senza scrupoli, che ha architettato un preciso piano per farmi vivere con tutte le difficoltà che ho… insomma, sono una ragazza magica, e questo comporta cose molto scomode, eppure non posso dare forfeit; voi vedete un po’ che giustificazione logica trovare alla natura della vostra esistenza. 👾
Ad ogni modo, vabbé, il messaggio di fondo è comunque sempre condivisibile. È bene evitare di scoraggiarsi, di arrendersi, di mettersi a rottare solo perché qualche volta o di continuo si è vittima della sfiga suprema (cioè, più propriamente, di eventi per l’appunto soggettivamente negativi, magari anche tutti in un tempo ravvicinato e che portano ad accrescere una grande amarezza di fondo)… voi magari perché si ha sempre comunque qualcosa di buono sotto sotto anche dentro la merda, e io invece perché devo farla pagare a quelli che mi hanno trasferita sulla Terra. “Cambiando il risultato, l’ordine degli addendi non cambia“, come si suol dire! (Che sia questo un messaggio utile a coloro che sotto sotto ne hanno bisogno…) 🥰
#ADC #AlessandroDeConcini #consigli #lifestyle #sfiga #sfortuna #vita
- YouTube
Profitez des vidéos et de la musique que vous aimez, mettez en ligne des contenus originaux, et partagez-les avec vos amis, vos proches et le monde entier.www.youtube.com
U.S. deports men from Asia and Latin America with criminal records to South Sudan after legal saga
The Trump administration said it deported a group of eight men convicted of serious crimes in the United States to the conflict-ridden African country of South Sudan, following a weeks-long legal saga that had kept the deportees in a military base in Djibouti for weeks.
Assistant Department of Homeland Security Secretary Tricia McLaughlin said the deportation flight carrying the deportees landed in South Sudan just before midnight EST on Friday. A photo provided by the department showed the deportees, with their hands and feet shackled, sitting inside an aircraft, guarded by U.S. service members.
A conceptual breakthrough has emerged for the Colorado River’s future. Here’s what it looks like.
Negotiators from the seven river basin states said in a series of meetings in recent weeks that they were discussing a plan rooted in a concept that breaks from decades of management practice. Rather than basing water releases on reservoir levels, it would base the amount released from the system’s two major reservoirs on the amount of water flowing in the river. The new concept would be more responsive as river flows become more variable.
A conceptual breakthrough has emerged for the Colorado River’s future. Here’s what it looks like.
After months of stalemate, glimmers of hope have emerged for consensus on a new plan to manage the shrinking Colorado River.Elise Schmelzer (The Denver Post)
Hegseth falsely cited weapon shortages in halting shipments to Ukraine, Democrats say
Reports indicate defense secretary unilaterally acted to halt shipment even as Pentagon suggested US arsenal is stocked
Pete Hegseth, the US defense secretary, unilaterally halted an agreed shipment of military aid to Ukraine due to baseless concerns that US stockpiles of weapons have run too low, it has been reported.
A batch of air defense missiles and other precision munitions were due to be sent to Ukraine to aid it in its ongoing war with Russia, which launched a full-scale invasion of its neighbor in 2022. The aid was promised by the US during Joe Biden’s administration last year.
But the Pentagon halted the shipment, with NBC reporting that a decision to do so was made solely by Hegseth, Donald Trump’s top defense official and a former Fox News weekend host who has previously come under pressure for sharing plans of a military strike in two group chats on the messaging app Signal, one of which accidentally included a journalist.
Nexus Mods to Enforce Digital ID Age Checks Under UK and EU Laws
The Law and Adult Content
We wanted to give you all a heads-up that over the coming weeks and months, we’ll be making some changes to how things work on Nexus Mods in regards to Adult content, child safety online and our ong...Nexus Mods :: News :: Site News
Programmation de posts sur Piefed
Pour celles et ceux qui utilisent toujours schedule.lemmings.world pour programmer leurs posts ou qui seraient intéressés pour en programmer: nous avons développé d'une initiative jlailutine une fonctionnalité sur Piefed qui permet de le faire. Encore en beta, elle facilite un peu le processus et son résultat est normalement moins aléatoire.
Vous pouvez créer un compte sur les deux instances piefed francophones administrées par destructeur de monde et tournesol, ou l'instance phare du logiciel:
- tarte.nuage-libre.fr/
- feddit.fr/
- piefed.social/
Dans les options à la création du post, vous aurez la possibilité de spécifier une date de programmation, une fréquence et un fuseau horaire/
Vous pourrez retrouver tous vos posts programmés et les modifier ou les supprimer dans le menu de votre compte > posts programmés.
De plus, les titres ont un système de gabarit permettant d'afficher le numéro de la semaine, le jour, le mois et l'année au besoin avec les tags suivants: {% week %} {% day %} {% month %} {% year %}
Exemple:#{% week %} Discussion du jour {% day %}/{% month %}/{% year %}
générera lorsque le moment sera venu: #27 Discussion du jour 10/09/2025
Tout retour ou suggestion d'amélioration est apprécié !
Only 3%* of US AI users are willing to pay a penny for it
Only 3%* of US AI users are willing to pay a penny for it
Venture capitalists Menlo Ventures have released what purports to be a survey: “2025: The State of Consumer AI”. That is, chatbots. [Menlo Ventures] The subtitle is: “AI’s Consumer Tipping Po…Pivot to AI
Rickicki likes this.
they look forward to turning chatbots into a sea of spam:We expect rapid adoption of advertising models, transaction fees, affiliate revenue, and marketplace models.
We're doomed.
In the last weeks Pinterest became unusable imo. The AI "sea of spam" is no joke. 7 in 10 posts are ads now. AI ads. Every one of them is a grotesque AI mimic of the content you're viewing, all words meaningless gibberish. The things on the thumbnails suggest, but you can't make things really out by just seeing the thumbnails.
So i clicked them a few times too much. First by curiosity, then by mistake, because Pinterest does everything to make an ad look like a post.
7 in 10 posts.
After all these years successfully procrastinating with Pinterest, it has become a dopamine blocking experience.
obsidianfoxxy7870
in reply to Holeheadou92984 • • •Holeheadou92984
in reply to obsidianfoxxy7870 • • •The thing is the Open Source mapping service doesn't seems to work inside buildings. Does enabling those options help with that?
also How is CoMaps compared to osmand and organic maps?
thanks a lot
dracs
in reply to Holeheadou92984 • • •Holeheadou92984
in reply to dracs • • •sunzu2
in reply to Holeheadou92984 • • •Holeheadou92984
in reply to sunzu2 • • •could you elaborate their difference? what information is send to what servers?
In my opinion WIFI scanning / Bluetooth scanning / Network Location is only used within system and shared with apps inside the profile if given permission. If I use open source maps I can't see how my personal information is going to leak
sunzu2
in reply to Holeheadou92984 • • •Holeheadou92984
in reply to sunzu2 • • •thanks a lot
for those who have trouble understanding this
Your phone constantly searches for nearby Wi-Fi and Bluetooth signals.
Retailers place Wi-Fi routers or Bluetooth beacons in stores to detect these signals.
Each device has a unique MAC address (though modern phones often randomize this to prevent persistent tracking).
These devices log when and where a phone is detected, creating a record of customer movement.
When a customer enters or exits the store
How long they stay
Which areas of the store they visit
Repeat visits (if the MAC address isn’t randomized)
Whether they've visited other locations (if the same system is deployed across multiple stores)
like this
sunzu2 likes this.
masterofn001
in reply to Holeheadou92984 • • •Remember when phones had that insane super advanced tech that could guide anyone anywhere, even offline?
Seriously, why doesn't the compass exist anymore?
I have never turned on location anything on grapheme.
On my other phone I have also uninstalled google location services/history, WiFi scanning, Bluetooth unknown tracker, etc.
If I get lost in a building... I ask someone.
MalReynolds
in reply to masterofn001 • • •Holeheadou92984
in reply to masterofn001 • • •what about driving? most of the times the connection isn't good enough to support Navigation when driving.
pogodem0n
in reply to Holeheadou92984 • • •The thing that help you navigate inside buildings is called "Network Location".
Google and Apple provide this functionality by collecting Wi-Fi and Bluetooth network data from all their users and creating a massive database.
By default, "Network Location" is disabled in GrapheneOS. If you have Google Play Services installed, you can use Google's Network Location service by enabling those options.
Fortunately, GrapheneOS provides an alternative using Apple's network location services. There is an option to use GrapheneOS proxy server instead of connecting directly to Apple. Of course, whether you use this feature should entirely depend on how much you trust GrapheneOS developers. This one works using just Wi-Fi data and I use it daily.
Holeheadou92984
in reply to pogodem0n • • •thanks a lot!
though could you briefly explain the term "Network Location"? what does this "network" represents? How is it going to help with location and geopositioning? My understanding is that by enabling "Network Location" the location defined with "Network" is sent to SLP server as assisted data for geopositioning.
I would assume "Network" represents cellular data, hope someone could confirm
pogodem0n
in reply to Holeheadou92984 • • •You need a direct line of sight with satellites for GPS to work.
Of course, this is almost impossible indoors. Here's how network location works to my understanding:
Another person outdoors uses GPS to locate themselves. This person has Wi-Fi and Bluetooth enabled and their device can see your home/office network. Google and Apple save this information to their databases. When you request your location indoors, your device sends Wi-Fi information of nearby access points. The servers know approximate location of this Wi-Fi network and can give you your approximate location, though with a large margin of error.
Tundra
in reply to pogodem0n • • •beaconDB
beacondb.netpogodem0n
in reply to Tundra • • •Holeheadou92984
in reply to Tundra • • •Holeheadou92984
in reply to pogodem0n • • •