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What programming language would you recommend for teaching to non-technical people that use a variety of different OSes?


I'm going to be delivering an online intro to programming session to a non-technical crowd who will be "following along at home". Because it's online, I can't provide them with machines that are already set up with an appropriate development environment.

I'm familiar with Linuxes and BSDs but honestly have no idea how to get set up with programming stuff on Windows or macOS which presumably most of these people will use, so I need something I can easily instruct them on how to install, and has good cross-platform support so that a basic programming lesson will work on whatever OS the attendees are running. Remember they are non-technical so may need more guidance on installation, so it should be something that is easy to explain.

My ideas:

  • C: surely every OS comes with a C compiler pre-installed? I know C code is more platform-specific, but for basic "intro to programming" programs it should be pretty much the same. I think it's a better language for teaching as you can teach them more about how the computer actually works, and can introduce them to concepts about memory and types that can be obscured by more high-level languages.
  • Python: popular for teaching programming, for the reasons above I'd prefer not to use Python because using e.g. C allows me to teach them more about how the computer works. You could code in Python and never mention types for instance. Rmemeber this is only an intro session so we're not doing a full course. But Python is probably easy to install on a lot of OSes? And of course easy to program in too.
  • Java: good cross-platform support, allows for teaching about types. Maybe a good compromise between the benefits outlined above for C and Python?

Any opinions?

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in reply to communism

I would suggest taking a look at Scheme or Clojure for somebody who has no development experience. The big reasons being that these are high level languages so you can focus on learning the actual concepts without all the incidental complexity of imperative languages. Scheme in particular was designed as a teaching language. The other aspect is interactivity, Lisps have a tight integration between the editor and the REPL and you can evaluate functions as you write them. This is incredibly helpful for learning as you can write a function, send it for evaluation, and see the result immediately. So you can play with code and get an intuition for how things work.
in reply to ☆ Yσɠƚԋσʂ ☆

That's a really interesting suggestion. I've not used either. I had the impression that those languages are kinda esoteric, but maybe I'll have a look.
in reply to communism

While they're far from mainstream, they're definitely languages worth learning. And I'd argue that learning functional style first gives you a much better intuition regarding state management which makes you a better imperative programmer as a result. It's much easier to go from functional to imperative than the other way around.

I mostly work with Clojure myself, and it's pretty easy to set up with VSCode and Calva plugin. There's also a lightweight runtime for it that doesn't require the JVM which is great for a learning set up. You just run bb --nrepl-server and then connect the editor to it as shown here. From there on you can run code and see results right in the editor. This is a good overview of what the workflow looks like in practice.

Also have some beginner resources I've used to train new hires on Clojure.

Introductory resources



A deeper dive


in reply to ☆ Yσɠƚԋσʂ ☆

My university chose to teach a pure functional lisp-like language without for loops as they very first programming course in the computer science program lol. Everyone who "already knew" how to program in Python/Java/JS/etc hated it (including me at the time) because it knocked us from the peak of the Dunning-Kruger curve into the valley of despair like everyone else.

Took me years to understand the method to the madness and appreciate learning it.

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in reply to HiddenLayer555

It's very frustrating to be in a situation where you know how to do something one way, but you can't do it like that and you have to learn a completely different way to do it. Feeling like a beginner again makes people feel stupid, and most people don't like that. But it really just means you're learning a new way to approach problems.
in reply to ☆ Yσɠƚԋσʂ ☆

Speaking of Scheme, I would suggest Racket, which comes battery included and ready to go in ONE installer.
Easy to install on any system, and has a decent text editor/IDE provided.
Also, the documentation is great, but can be daunting at first.


Earth needs more energy. Atlanta’s Super Soaker creator may have a solution.


Nuclear engineer Lonnie Johnson worked on NASA's Galileo mission, has more than 140 patents, and invented the Super Soaker water gun. But now he's working on "a potential key to unlock a huge power source that's rarely utilized today," reports the Atlanta Journal-Constitution.

Waste heat...
The Johnson Thermo-Electrochemical Converter, or JTEC, has few moving parts, no combustion and no exhaust. All the work to generate electricity is done by hydrogen, the most abundant element in the universe. Inside the device, pressurized hydrogen gas is separated by a thin, filmlike membrane, with low pressure gas on one side and high pressure gas on the other. The difference in pressure in this "stack" is what drives the hydrogen to compress and expand, creating electricity as it circulates. And unlike a fuel cell, it does not need to be refueled with more hydrogen. All that's needed to keep the process going and electricity flowing is a heat source.

As it turns out, there are enormous amounts of energy vented or otherwise lost from industrial facilities like power plants, factories, breweries and more. Between 20% and 50% of all energy used for industrial processes is dumped into the atmosphere and lost as waste heat, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. The JTEC works with high temperatures, but the device's ability to generate electricity efficiently from low-grade heat sources is what company executives are most excited about. Inside JTEC's headquarters, engineers show off a demonstration unit that can power lights and a sound system with water that's roughly 200 degrees Fahrenheit — below the boiling point and barely warm enough to brew a cup of tea, said Julian Bell, JTEC's vice president of engineering. Comas Haynes, a research engineer at the Georgia Tech Research Institute specializing in thermal and hydrogen system designs, agrees the company could "hit a sweet spot" if it can capitalize on lower temperature heat...

For Johnson, the potential application he's most excited about lies beneath our feet. Geothermal energy exists naturally in rocks and water beneath the Earth's surface at various depths. Tapping into that resource through abandoned oil and gas wells — a well-known access point for underground heat — offers another opportunity. "You don't need batteries and you can draw power when you need it from just about anywhere," Johnson said. Right now, the company is building its first commercial JTEC unit, which is set to be deployed early next year. Mike McQuary, JTEC's CEO and the former president of the pioneering internet service provider MindSpring, said he couldn't reveal the customer, but said it's a "major Southeast utility company." "Crossing that bridge where you have commercial customers that believe in it and will pay for it is important," McQuary said...

On top of some initial seed money, the company brought in $30 million in a Series A funding in 2022 — money that allowed the company to move to its Lee + White headquarters and hire more than 30 engineers. McQuary said it expects to begin another round of fundraising soon.

"Johnson, meanwhile, hasn't stopped working on new inventions," the article points out. "He continues to refine the design for his solid-state battery..."

Technology reshared this.

in reply to Avenging5

The Earth doesn't need a fucking thing it doesn't already have, except for a cleanup of human-generated pollution.

Most of the new demand for energy is to run LLMs that nobody actually needs.

in reply to phutatorius

I hate this shit as well. People use "The Earth" to make it sound good for the environment, but it's actually just human greed we're always talking about. Take sustainability for example, you ask teens about it, and a lot of them will say it's about saving the environment. It's not. It's about trying to sustain capitalism and our consumerist lifestyle to go on forever while pretending to give a fuck about the environment.



Zarah Sultana: Lammy claim he did not know about Palestine Action hunger strikers is a ‘lie’


British MP Zarah Sultana has said that Justice Secretary David Lammy “lied” when he claimed he did not know about the eight Palestine Action-linked prisoners currently on hunger strike.

Sultana made the comments following a visit on Monday to Qesser Zuhrah, a Palestine Action-affiliated prisoner held at HMP Bronzefield, who has entered the 38th day of her hunger strike.

In footage posted on Instagram, Lammy is seen telling campaigners and the strikers’ families that he did “not know anything” about the prisoners’ cases.

Sultana is the second politician to visit the hunger strikers, following a visit by the Green Party’s Mothin Ali to Bronzefield last week. Jeremy Corbyn was also set to visit the prison on Tuesday.

Sultana condemned the lack of media coverage of the strike, which is deemed to be the most significant since the 1981 Irish hunger strike led by Bobby Sands.




Thailand launches airstrikes inside Cambodia after accusing it of violating ceasefire


At least six people have been killed and dozens of others injured in fresh clashes between the two South-East Asian neighbors, despite a ceasefire agreement signed in October under US mediation.

https://peoplesdispatch.org/2025/12/08/thailand-launches-airstrikes-inside-cambodia-after-accusing-it-of-violating-ceasefire/

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Firewood Banks Aren’t Inspiring. They’re a Sign of Collapse.


A wood bank is exactly what it sounds like. People in rural and Indigenous areas still heavily rely on wood heat as the primary fuel source for their homes. Volunteers cut and split firewood, stack it somewhere public, and give it away for free to those who can’t afford it. No paperwork. No means tests. No government forms. Just a pile of hardwood that shows up because someone else’s house would be cold without it.

Most articles about wood banks wrap them in the same tired language. Community spirit. Rural generosity. Neighbors helping neighbors. It’s the kind of coverage you get when journalists focus on the people stacking the wood instead of the conditions that made it necessary. They never mention the underlying reality. Wood banks exist because without them, people would freeze. It’s the same everywhere: Local news crews film volunteers splitting logs while pretending it’s heartwarming, reporting on senior citizens splitting 150 cords a year for neighbors in need as if the story is about kindness instead of the failure that created the need in the first place.

...The volunteers running wood banks aren’t performing resilience. They’re plugging holes in a sinking ship and doing the work the state stopped doing. They are the thin line between a cold snap and another obituary...



An-22 Military Transport Plane Crashes in Russia After Repairs


A Russian Ministry of Defense An-22 military transport aircraft has crashed in Russia’s Ivanovo region.


Archived version: archive.is/newest/militarnyi.c…


Disclaimer: The article linked is from a single source with a single perspective. Make sure to cross-check information against multiple sources to get a comprehensive view on the situation.

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French far right wants to reopen brothels and put sex workers in charge


National Rally (RN) lawmaker Jean-Philippe Tanguy said his proposed bill would allow sex workers in France to be "empresses in their kingdom."


Archived version: archive.is/newest/euronews.com…


Disclaimer: The article linked is from a single source with a single perspective. Make sure to cross-check information against multiple sources to get a comprehensive view on the situation.


in reply to 🍉 Albert 🍉

same here, but because i suspect that it will drive up independent media.
in reply to eldavi

then they'll buy it out. or use unfair practices against it. or lobby to make it harder for independent companies to start and compete.
in reply to 🍉 Albert 🍉

Were already pretty close. There's like 3 or 4 investment groups who run all the media in America.


Report Exposes Instacart's Hidden AI Price Experiments That Could Cost Families $1,200 Per Year


cross-posted from: news.abolish.capital/post/1253…

Consumer advocates on Tuesday called on the Federal Trade Commission and state officials to investigate artificial intelligence-enabled pricing experiments used by Instacart, the grocery shopping app millions of Americans rely on, that charge up to 23% more for some shoppers than others when they buy the same item at the same store.

Consumer Reports joined the advocacy group Groundwork Collaborative and the labor-focused media organization More Perfect Union to uncover Instacart's pricing experiments enabled by Eversight, an AI pricing software that Instacart acquired in 2022. The company's CEO said last year that the experiments have helped the company “to really figure out which categories of products our customers [are] more price sensitive on"—in other words, to tailor prices based on a customer's shopping habits, whether they're near a competing store, and other factors.

The groups' study, Same Cart, Different Price, describes how researchers ran five tests with 437 participants, studying the prices of a basket of items bought at two Target stores and three Safeway stores using Instacart.

In one test at a Safeway in Washington, DC, shoppers logged on to the app to buy a carton of eggs from the same brand at the same time and found that the price they were given varied widely. Some shoppers were charged just $3.99 for the eggs, while others saw a price as high as $4.79—20% higher.

Shoppers at a Safeway in Seattle saw a 23% difference in prices for Skippy peanut butter, Oscar Mayer turkey, and Wheat Thins crackers. At two different Safeways in Washington, DC, Instacart quoted shoppers at one store a price that was 23% higher than at another for Signature Select Corn Flakes.

"It’s time for Instacart to close the lab. Americans shopping for groceries aren’t guinea pigs and shouldn't have to pay an Instacart tax.”

For the same basket of groceries, shoppers at the Seattle store were asked to pay as much as $123.93, while others were charged just $114.34.

"The average price variations observed in the study could cost a household of four about $1,200 per year," said Groundwork.

Justin Brookman, director of tech policy at Consumer Reports, said Instacart's tactics "hurt families who are simply trying to purchase essential groceries."

"At a time when everyday Americans are struggling with high prices, it is particularly egregious to see corporations secretly conducting individual experiments to see how much a person is willing to pay," said Brookman. "Companies must be transparent and upfront with people about pricing, so that they can make informed choices and keep more of their hard-earned money. We encourage the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general to investigate Instacart’s pricing tactics."

Groundwork noted that Instcart's website acknowledges that it runs price tests, but states that "shoppers are not aware that they’re in an experiment" and are having their grocery prices selected for them via algorithm.

While Instacart has claimed its price experiments are "negligible," the groups emphasized that they're being used "against the backdrop of the fastest increase in food prices since the late 1970s."

After previous reporting on companies' use of "shrinkflation," "dynamic pricing," and other practices that keep prices high even as pandemic-era labor and supply chain issues have subsided, "today’s report shows Instacart’s experiments are yet another way corporate pricing tactics are squeezing American families," said Groundwork.

The study did not find evidence that Instacart is giving shoppers different prices based on their ZIP code or income, as companies like Amazon, Delta Air Lines, and Home Deport have been accused of doing.

But the groups said Eversight gives the company the capability to use that data to make pricing decisions tailored to particular shoppers.

“Instacart is quietly running pricing experiments on millions of shoppers during the worst grocery affordability crisis in a generation, and it’s costing households as much as $1,200 a year,” said Groundwork Collaborative executive director Lindsay Owens. “They have turned the simple act of buying groceries into a high-tech game of pricing roulette. When the same box of Wheat Thins can jump 23% in price because of an algorithm, that’s not innovation or convenience, it’s unfair. It’s time for Instacart to close the lab. Americans shopping for groceries aren’t guinea pigs and shouldn't have to pay an Instacart tax.”

The groups credited some state and federal lawmakers who have begun to take notice of pricing practices like Instacart's; US Rep. Greg Casar (D-Texas) introduced the Stop AI Price Gouging and Wage Fixing Act in July with the aim of prohibiting the use of automated systems to set prices. New York has enacted the first-of-its-kind Algorithmic Pricing Disclosure Act, which requires companies to prominently disclose to customers, "This price was set by an algorithm using your personal data" when they use methods like Instacart's. Other state legislation has been introduced in Colorado, California, and Pennsylvania to ban the use of surveillance to set prices.

The groups called on the FTC to take action under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, which bans "unfair methods of competition." Those could include “'price discrimination not justified by differences in cost or distribution,' which appears to match Instacart’s pricing experiments and fluctuations," the report reads.

The FTC could also bring enforcement cases or initiate rulemaking to officially label AI-enabled pricing strategies as an "unfair or deceptive practice," affirming that companies who use them are breaking a consumer protection standard.

"Fair and honest markets are the bedrock of a healthy economy," reads Tuesday's report. "Companies like Instacart offer great convenience, but they are increasingly pursuing corporate pricing practices that unfairly decouple the price of a product from its true cost. As more consumers learn about, and decry, these practices, perhaps companies will change course. But if they do not, policymakers should intervene and require them to change their practices."


From Common Dreams via This RSS Feed.






Activist groups urge Congress to pause US datacenter buildouts


Bad for consumers, bad for the environment, 230+ groups say


Archived version: archive.is/newest/theregister.…


Disclaimer: The article linked is from a single source with a single perspective. Make sure to cross-check information against multiple sources to get a comprehensive view on the situation.

in reply to BrikoX

Mandate that data centers self-power via renewable energy already! It's such a simple fucking solution that solves basically all the problems of data centers.

Relevant note: The research that came out a while back saying that a long conversation with an AI chatbot could use up to half a liter of water included the water used to cool the power plant that's powering the data center. The same paper spelled out that the actual water use of the data center itself is only 12% of that. So if we force data centers to be powered via renewable energy a long conversation with a chatbot would only use 0.06 liters of water which is basically negligible. Especially when you consider that the 0.5L was a worst-case scenario (older data centers letting all the water evaporate).

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in reply to Riskable

It runs into the fundamental problem with renewable energy at the moment. It lacks energy storage capabilities to run 24/7 and you can't have power interuptions in a data center. But even if that wasn't the problem, you are asking President who's whole election motto was "Drill, baby, drill" and who cancelled all green tech investment from previous administration to consider a mandate on renewable energy? Good luck.

And many of these companies are inversting in green energy in a form of nuclear power while being subsidized by taxpayers in individual states because who doesn't love socialism for the rich.



Trekking nella Riserva di Monte Catillo - "Orizzonti Tiburtini"


ESCURSIONE GRATUITA DI NATALE 🎁 🎄 + Cena di Gruppo - SABATO 20 DICEMBRE 2025 Una bellissima giornata nella Riserva Naturale di Monte Catillo, subito fuori il centro storico di Tivoli, a pochi passi da Roma. Un variegato percorso naturalistico ci condurr

ESCURSIONE GRATUITA DI NATALE 🎁 🎄 + Cena di Gruppo - SABATO 20 DICEMBRE 2025

Una bellissima giornata nella Riserva Naturale di Monte Catillo, subito fuori il centro storico di Tivoli, a pochi passi da Roma.

Un variegato percorso naturalistico ci condurrà attraverso la macchia mediterranea e i boschi di sughera e cerro.

Lungo il sentiero potrai godere dei caratteristici affacci panoramici dell'area tiburtina: la splendida acropoli di Tivoli, la vasta campagna romana, i Monti Prenestini e Cornicolani (anche il mare se saremo fortunati).

> Ti racconteremo la storia, i miti e le leggende di questo luogo antico ed affascinante, forgiato dal fiume Aniene.

E' una facile escursione, a meno di un'ora dalla capitale, cui seguirà una cena di gruppo per festeggiare insieme la fine della stagione escursionistica!

Prenotazione (obbligatoria) aperta fino a Venerdì 19 Dicembre 2025 ore 15:00

Per informazioni contattate @greentrek@mastodon.uno

greentrek.it/escursioni/escurs…

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Palestine | Hamas proposes long-term ceasefire if Israel fully withdraws from Gaza


Palestinian movement says ceasefire would hold for 10 years and its military wing would bury its weapons if Israel pulls its troops out and mediators guarantee compliance


Archived version: archive.is/newest/middleeastey…


Disclaimer: The article linked is from a single source with a single perspective. Make sure to cross-check information against multiple sources to get a comprehensive view on the situation.



Green targets not 'demolished' insist MEPs after deal slashing reporting rules


EU lawmakers have insisted that the bloc‘s green targets are not being “demolished” — after agreeing a that deal dramatically strips down the reporting requirements for two of the EU’s flagship sustainable business laws.


Archived version: archive.is/newest/euobserver.c…







Citizenship Ceremonies Are Being Disrupted By Trump’s Latest Wave Of Bigoted Cruelty


The president, who drapes himself in the flag so inappropriately you’d think it would be filing HR complaints on a daily basis, is now preventing some the best potential US citizens from becoming US citizens.
#USA


OpenAI, Anthropic and Block join new Linux Foundation effort to standardize the AI agent era


Anthropic, Block, and OpenAI are backing the Linux Foundation’s new Agentic AI Foundation, donating MCP, Goose, and AGENTS.md to standardize AI agents, boost interoperability, and curb proprietary fragmentation.

Technology Channel reshared this.



Translate the web your way, plus choose the Firefox icon that suits your vibe | The Mozilla Blog


Whenever you open Firefox, we want it to feel like it speaks your language and matches your style. This month, our mobile team is rolling out features inspired by community ideas, user requests and the small everyday moments that make browsing more delightful.


Privacy‑centric doom scrolling apps for iOS and android


I am looking for a free, privacy‑centric app for endless doom‑scrolling that serves as an alternative to Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook—without the need for social connections, or chatting.
Questa voce è stata modificata (1 settimana fa)
in reply to MarthaT

You mean an alternative client for those or a completely different platform?


Spain arrests teen who stole 64 million personal data records


The National Police in Spain have arrested a suspected 19-year-old hacker in Barcelona, for allegedly stealing and attempting to sell 64 million records obtained from breaches at nine companies.

https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/spain-arrests-teen-who-stole-64-million-personal-data-records/

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in reply to ☆ Yσɠƚԋσʂ ☆

We evaluated Devstral 2 against DeepSeek V3.2 and Claude Sonnet 4.5 using human evaluations conducted by an independent annotation provider, with tasks scaffolded through Cline. Devstral 2 shows a clear advantage over DeepSeek V3.2, with a 42.8% win rate versus 28.6% loss rate. However, Claude Sonnet 4.5 remains significantly preferred, indicating a gap with closed-source models persists.


Thank you for being honest about performance





Brewed up some tree beer


On Friday I brewed up some tree beer using Leyland Cypress boughs in the strike and sparge water as well as in the mash vessel. OG was ~1.050 and I split the boil to brew up a saison and a pale ale with galaxy and sultana (denali) hops. The saison is fermenting with a wild yeast culture I captured from my neighbor's raw honey and the pale ale has Framgarden kveik. They're both fermenting at 87°F/30.5°C

The Leyland Cypress gives the beer a pleasant evergreen/christmas tree flavor that's a bit citrusy and not too overwhelming. I've brewed with this tree a number of times and thoroughly researched it so I'm fully confident that it is not toxic. I don't measure the amount of tree I put in the beer, basically just put branches into the kettle until it's annoying to try to add another one.

in reply to MuteDog

Tried This a few years back and I like a strong flavor but it was too much. Mayne because they used the whole tree!
in reply to FellowEnt

Pine can be pretty intense (if it actually was a pine tree). Spruce can also get pretty resiny if you're using mature branches, this is why most people use the new growth tips. I've yet to try Noble Fir, which is what we typically get for our Christmas tree, maybe one of these years.


We Had 400 People Shop For Groceries. What We Found Will Shock You.


cross-posted from: lemmy.world/post/39947303

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We Had 400 People Shop For Groceries. What We Found Will Shock You.


cross-posted from: lemmy.world/post/39947303
in reply to MonkderVierte

Yeah, I don't feel like being part of the reason algorithm pushes shit titles like this on youtube.



Create and upload your own with maximum privacy?


I cannot find information anywhere. Sorry, English is my second language.

I possess a DVD and want to upload this as a torrent so others can download it.

I burn the media to my Linux PC using a media ripper. I use Handbrake to convert the media and small the file size.

I can create a torrent. But how do I insure none of my computer's personal information and identifiers are saved on that file? I dont want me to be found out if someone opens the file and somehow can see I'm the one who created it.

In other hand, how do the pirates create and upload media into torrents while protecting themself from being found out?

Edit: Corrected to Linux PC

Questa voce è stata modificata (1 settimana fa)
in reply to

I think you worried about metadata mostly. Can maybe infer gpu/os/software from encode pattern, but probably not problem for you.

For image metadata usually called exif data, exiftool on linux work well for me. For video, ffmpeg has ffprobe tool to extract metadata using some option. Ffmpeg also have some option to clear metadata (but not all), complicated a bit to set up right.

If not available for windows, search for alternative. Or graphical wrapper if not like commandline.

First verify you have good method to see metadata, then try what method remove what.

If really paranoid, dump windows (has lot of spyware), use tool like gnu strings to see printable string in binary file might be metadata.

For torrent:
1. See if already exist by someone (public index search, dht search engine)

  1. Throw out handbrake, always upload original quality. Reencode fine if from raw source material, but no dvd/bluray has raw quality. Or if really want to offer small file, upload both.
  2. Create torrent with dht/pex enable to allow dht search engine and other peer to find.
  3. Use no-log vpn or i2p to seed.

More info probably in megathread or wiki.

Edit: 5. over vpn or i2p make account on public index and upload torrent as new post. Or share torrent with friend. Or on other forum.

Questa voce è stata modificata (1 settimana fa)



Family Demands Return of Dr. Adnan Al-Bursh’s Body


Gaza Herald – A growing campaign is pressing for the return of the body of Dr. Adnan Al-Bursh, the renowned Gaza orthopedic surgeon who died under Israeli occupation custody after months of enforced disappearance. His family says the occupation has withheld his body since April 2024, mirroring a broader pattern of thousands of Palestinians who vanished during the ongoing genocide, many remaining outside any official record.

Al-Bursh, head of orthopedics at Al-Shifa and one of Gaza’s most prominent surgeons, was arrested from Al-Awda Hospital and held incommunicado until former detainees revealed he suffered brutal conditions before his death. His family is pushing a public campaign, moving from digital outreach to on-the-ground actions, urging rights groups to pressure the occupation to release his body for a dignified burial.



I love Wikipedia


I absolutely love Wikipedia. It has almost replaced a good chunk of my school books back when I was in high school and it is still very useful now that I'm in university. Wikipedia and similar things are a dream that comes true