404 Media

2026-08-07 14:55:33

City That Arrested Person for Clapping at Data Center Meeting Moves to Virtual Meetings for 'Public Safety'

The small town that arrested a person who clapped during a city council meeting about a hyperscale data center held its meeting on Wednesday virtually and had no public comment period in the name of “public safety.” It says it will do the same for another meeting later this month.

The city, Emporia, Kansas, announced the change just two days before the meeting.

“In the interest of public safety, the Emporia City Commission meetings scheduled for Wednesday, August 5, 2026, and Wednesday, August 19, 2026, will be conducted virtually,” Emporia said in a post about the change on Facebook. “No public comment period will be provided during either meeting.” Then it shared the city’s email and phone number for citizens who wanted to voice concerns privately. Emporia’s police chief told KVOE News that city leaders had received death threats.
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
“The City remains committed to conducting the public’s business in an open and transparent manner while taking reasonable measures to protect the safety of elected officials, City staff, and members of the public,” the post said. “The City appreciates the public's understanding and cooperation as it implements these temporary measures while ensuring the continuity of City business.”

Citizens upset about the data center and no longer allowed to make a public comment gathered outside Emporia’s municipal auditorium to protest on Wednesday. Lux Claridge, the person arrested for clapping, attended the protest and told 404 Media that both the protest and the virtual city commission meeting went well. “The commissioners voted unanimously to get our petition on the ballot measure to ban high-impact data centers to a judge. They said that doing otherwise could open up the city to a lawsuit but didn't really elaborate on who, why, or how,” they said.

Some citizens in Emporia are upset about a proposed gigawatt data center called the Flint Hills Digital Campus that would sit on 1,000 acres of prairie land. Zoning and city commission meetings have been held about the project, during which citizens have pushed back during the public comment periods of meetings. During a July 22 meeting, a city leader ordered Claridge to be arrested for clapping. Police charged Claridge with disorderly conduct and interference with police.

On Wednesday, the city commission streamed its meeting on the city website. Residents could watch, but not participate. The commission voted 5 - 0 to send the petition to a judge to see if Kansas law would allow that kind of restriction.

“I would like to see it go to the courts, that way it has an outside decision, so that we don't get ourselves entangled in something that could come back later and we'd be sued over,” Emporia mayor Becky Smith said.

“I think if you accept it or decline it, you’re opening yourself up to a legal battle either way so let’s just send it straight to a judge,” commissioner Erren Harter said.

Claridge said the reason the commission meetings had gone virtual and closed public comment was that members of the commission had reported receiving death threats. “This was also happening days leading up to my arrest, but the threats seem to have ramped up. While I don't doubt that there are credible threats, my big question is on how many there are and from where they are coming,” they said. “Mayor Smith did mention in yesterday's meeting that the threats don't seem to really be coming from locals but ‘it only takes one’ to ruin a meeting so they went virtual. I feel like we're being punished for the actions of outsiders.”

“I'm not so upset about going virtual, it makes sense, but back it up with examples of these threats. I'm more upset that they opted to close public comment and I don't understand why,” Claridge added.

The commissioners will meet, virtually, again on August 19 but they have not yet published the agenda on the city’s website. The commission did not return 404 Media’s request for comment.

With ‘credible threats’ aimed at city commissioners and staff, Emporia city meetings Wednesday, Aug 19 to be held virtually

The Emporia City Commission is meeting Wednesday. It will not meet in person. A news release from the city say...

^{Chuck Samples (KVOE)}

404 Media

2026-08-07 12:00:26

Flock Pitched a Plan To Turn Uber and Lyft Drivers Into Roaming Surveillance Vehicles

Flock planned to use dashcams installed in hundreds of thousands Uber, Lyft, and delivery drivers’ vehicles to scan license plates those drivers travelled passed, essentially turning Uber and Lyft drivers into roaming surveillance vehicles, according to a Flock presentation shared with 404 Media.

The document provides more details on Flock’s planned partnership with Nexar, a popular dashcam company. 404 Media first revealed the intended partnership last August when multiple sources provided information on the plan. The presentation shows Flock was actively pitching this partnership, and its use of Uber and Lyft drivers, to potential customers right around the time 404 Media reported on it.

💡
Do you work for Flock, Axon, or a similar company? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

Flock told 404 Media in an email it never executed the partnership with Nexar. But the presentation still shows Flock’s ambitious plan to conscript rideshare and delivery drivers to collect license plate data for its network. It is not clear whether Uber or Lyft, or drivers working for those apps, would have been aware of the data collection.

“Hundreds of Commercial Business and HOA [home owners associations] in GA [Georgia] are part of the network,” the presentation, written by Flock to present to the Georgia Office of the Attorney General last August, reads. “Plus Nexar partnership which includes 350k Uber/Lyft and other delivery service devices.”

Jason Hunyar, a Dunwoody, Georgia, resident who obtained the presentation through a public records request, shared the document with 404 Media.
Image: screenshot of the presentation.
Flock’s automatic license plate reader (ALPR) cameras are usually stationary cameras installed on tall poles that constantly scan the license plate, color, make, and brand of every vehicle that drives past. The Nexar partnership would have made those data collection efforts mobile. Axon, the law enforcement contracting giant that also sells ALPR cameras, sells some of its cameras to be installed in police officers’ roaming cars. Vigilant Solutions and the Digital Recognition Network (DRN), two ALPR companies now owned by Motorola, perform similar license plate data collection through cameras in vehicles belonging to repossession agencies.

Nexar sells various different models of dashcams providing front, cabin, and rear views, and already can provide “clear license plate capture with Full HD video,” according to its website. Nexar markets the cameras to rideshare drivers and also “commuters,” “long-distance drivers,” and “casual drivers.”
youtube.com/embed/BKYYpLC9u5I?…
In September, 404 Media reported that a hacker broke into Nexar and accessed a database of terabytes of video recordings taken by customers’ cameras. Those included footage of people driving around sensitive Department of Defense locations.

Flock has explored obtaining other unusual datasets too. Last May, 404 Media reported Flock was building a massive people lookup tool that would use hacked data to “jump from LPR to person,” according to leaked audio. Flock scrapped those plans after 404 Media’s coverage and internal pressure.

Neither Uber nor Lyft responded to a request for comment. Neither did Nexar.

In May, 404 Media reported a company called BusPatrol, that has cameras installed in tens of thousands of school buses, plans to turn those cameras into ALPRs and give access to that data to law enforcement.

Flock Decides Not to Use Hacked Data in People Search Tool

The move comes after internal pressure and 404 Media’s reporting.

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-08-06 19:13:34

Software Giant SAP Stops Most Travel and Hiring Because of AI’s Soaring Cost

SAP, one of the world’s biggest software companies, suspended most travel and hiring last month because of AI’s soaring cost, with exceptions only being made for AI-related travel or hires, according to an internal SAP email obtained by 404 Media.

Bloomberg reported on the email and the freezes in July, but a current SAP employee said the bans are still in effect. The employee said the company had a global employee meeting recently where this was brought up again. They added SAP is currently rolling out a newly created AI tool to the entire company “which I can only imagine massively increases the costs.” 404 Media granted the source anonymity to protect them from retaliation.

The email highlights how companies both big and small are coming to grips with the reality of AI’s cost. Rather than being a massive cost saver, in some cases companies are throttling employees’ AI use as it spirals out of control, and scrambling to find other ways to keep costs down.

💡
Do you work at a company dealing with AI's costs? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

“As AI reshapes the future of our industry, we are making significant investments in the products and AI capabilities we build, complemented by strategic acquisitions in data and AI where we need additional expertise and technology,” the email, sent by SAP leadership to all SAP employees worldwide on July 1, reads. “We are also investing in how we consume AI across SAP, with token usage and related costs increasing as more AI-driven scenarios go live. Taken together, this makes it even more important that we focus our spending on what matters most to future proof SAP.”

As part of this, SAP needs to “be disciplined in how we spend,” the email continues. That includes focusing “new hiring on selected profiles only [emphasis in original], mainly core AI roles, that are critical for our long-term success.”

The cost cutting measures also include travel. “Going forward, we will put a pause to our internal travel,” the email continues. “Customer-facing trips and travel that is directly related to our AI development efforts around our ‘All in on AI’ program as well as travel to deliver mission-critical Al trainings for employees will continue.”

The email closes with a paragraph on how “These measures are not about doing less.” Instead, “They are about making deliberate choices: investing where it matters most — in our people, our customers, and the technologies that define the next era of enterprise software — and being careful and responsible in areas where we can save. By balancing where we invest and where we save, we ensure that SAP remains strong, competitive, and well-positioned for the long term.”

SAP did not respond to a request for comment.

404 Media has been reporting on how various companies across all sorts of industries are responding to the climbing cost of AI. Citi, for example, shut off access to certain AI models. Atlassian ended unlimited use of AI tools and introduced a dashboard for employees to track their usage. Adobe decided not to renew unlimited Claude access. Microsoft introduced budget limits for AI and said “tokenmaxxing is not what we are optimizing for.”

In leaked audio, an Accenture employee said they were seeing “soaring token spend.” Accenture was trying to figure out how to stop non-technical workers from blowing through their AI budgets by using AI for trivial tasks like converting PDFs to presentation slides, the audio showed.

In some cases, companies even made Claude and Codex talk like a caveman to limit the tools’ verbose responses and lower costs.

404 Media

2026-08-06 13:14:07

Cities Are Ditching Flock, Immediately Replacing It With Axon License Plate Readers

A handful of cities across the U.S. have ditched Flock’s automatic license plate reader (ALPR) cameras and immediately replaced them with equivalent systems from law enforcement contracting giant Axon, according to local media reports and government documents from around the country. Axon, for example, advertises AI-powered cameras that attach to an existing streetlamp and are designed to completely blend in with their surroundings, and also collects license plate data with cameras installed inside police officers’ patrol vehicles.

💡
Do you work at Axon? Do you know anything else about its technology or expansion? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

Cities Are Ditching Flock, Immediately Replacing It With Axon License Plate Readers

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-08-04 13:55:10

The SEC Bought Airline Data to Monitor Flights Worldwide

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) bought access to what it described as more than a billion airline ticketing records, related to not just U.S. domestic flights or those landing in the country, but also flights between foreign countries, according to SEC documents obtained by 404 Media. A group of the world’s airlines, including Delta, United, and American, previously sold the data under the company name ARC; that is where the SEC bought the data from.

ARC, or the Airlines Reporting Corporation, stopped selling airline ticketing records after repeated coverage from 404 Media and pressure from lawmakers last year. But the newly obtained records provide additional insight into the breadth of data that airlines were selling without their customers' knowledge, and that law enforcement agencies were tapping into, likely without a warrant.

“ARC's ticketing data includes not only US domestic flights and international flights to/from the US, but also flights entirely between or within foreign countries,” one of the documents obtained by 404 Media reads. 404 Media obtained them through a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request with the SEC.

The data includes each passengers’ name, their credit card number used to buy the ticket, the departure and arrival cities of their travel, the date of their flight, the flight number, and the “selling agency,” likely referring to the travel agency the person used, according to the documents. ARC obtained its data by acting as the conduit between airlines and travel agencies. Whenever someone booked a flight with a travel agency like Expedia or Kayak, ARC received information about that booking and then resold it as part of its data broker business.

💡
Do you know about any other companies selling data to the government? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

ARC’s Travel Intelligence Program (TIP), as the data product was called, was also capable of sending daily search results related to a specific list of names, the document says. “ARC sends daily reports regarding any air ticketing purchased by individuals over the prior 24 hours),” it adds. The document says SEC required access to 1-25 daily searches through this alert service.

The SEC did not respond to a request for comment.

ARC previously told 404 Media that TIP “was established by ARC after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and has since been used by the U.S. intelligence and law enforcement community to support national security and prevent criminal activity with bipartisan support. Over the years, TIP has likely contributed to the prevention and apprehension of criminals involved in human trafficking, drug trafficking, money laundering, sex trafficking, national security threats, terrorism and other imminent threats of harm to the United States.”

Airlines Will Shut Down Program That Sold Your Flights Records to Government

The move comes after intense pressure from lawmakers and 404 Media’s months-long reporting about the airline industry's data selling practices.

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-07-29 17:42:19

“Clapping Is a First Amendment Right:” An Interview With the Person Arrested for Clapping at a Data Center Meeting

Last Wednesday, Lux Claridge planned to speak out against a proposed 1,000 acre data center in their town of Emporia, Kansas. They left in handcuffs after a city commissioner ordered them arrested for clapping.

“It was annoying,” Claridge told 404 Media. “So what happened was I clapped for the previous speaker. She hadn't even gotten back to her seat before I stopped clapping. My wife was on the way up to the podium. The time for my wife's speech hadn't even been reset yet [...] you see the 51 seconds remaining from the previous speaker. So I don't know what I was disrupting exactly, but I was not clapping the entire time.”
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
The big topic in Emporia, a town of 20,000 people, is the proposed Flint Hills Digital Campus — a massive data center that would eat up prairie land near Claridge’s home. There’s been several zoning and city commission meetings about the project and Claridge has been there for many of them.

“They’re talking about a gigawatt facility and our local power facility pushes out maybe a gigawatt on a monthly basis, which is something I brought up on my first speech, June 3, I was like, ‘Where are we getting this power from? Because Wolf Creek’s not going to do it,’” they said. Wolf Creek is a local nuclear power plant. “We’re talking millions of homes of power, that’s how much energy we’re talking about here. It’s not thousands, it’s millions.”

Claridge is not opposed to data centers outright, but they do think the current Flint Hills Digital Campus is a terrible idea. They planned to restate their position at the city commission meeting last week where they were arrested. “I was going to basically just call them out on all the potential lies that seem to be surrounding this. It was the week before [...] The news broke that Gary Pinkston, the developer behind this, under sworn testimony in his bankruptcy case, said has no idea what the digital campus project is. He has no interest in it,” Claridge said. “He said the Kanza Park [the LLC behind the project] is his daughter's thing.”

An open letter to the community from Pinkston appeared in both the Emporia Gazette and on the website for the Flint Hills Digital Campus. In the bankruptcy hearing, Pinkston’s creditors asked him if he’d written the letter. “And he said no. And he said he couldn't tell us who did write it. And we're like, ‘Hold on, what's going on?’” Claridge said. “So I had like four points of, you know, kind of catching them in some inconsistencies and asking them about it. You know, who is this Gary guy? Does he work for this or not?”

During the meeting, the commission warned the crowd to stop clapping multiple times, but Claridge walked into the room after the warnings. “We continued to clap, though eventually it started moving to snapping fingers, all beatnik style,” Claridge said. “I did that a little bit too, but in total, I clapped for 13 speeches. I snapped five times, and there were three warnings, a final warning. Then I finally got arrested.”

On the recording you can hear commissioner Monica Duncan tell the police chief to toss out the next person who claps. Claridge had just finished their clapping for a speaker. Their wife was at the podium. “He instead just walks right up to me, tells me to get out, and then, well, you saw what happened. I went to the floor.”

In footage of the meeting published on social media and Emporia’s city commission page, Claridge tells the cops they have a first amendment right to speak. The police ask them to leave and Claridge tells them to “drag me out.”

“I felt like I had a right to be there to voice my concerns,” Claridge said. “I am fully of the notion that clapping is a First Amendment right that I have. I can exercise that as long as I'm not disrupting, and I still argue that I was not disrupting at all. But I basically told them that you know, yeah, I have a right to speak. I'm here to speak. I have a right to clap, and if you want me out, you're going to have to drag me out. And I just stood firm and, well, sat firm and said ‘drag me out’ a couple of times so they knew for sure what I was about.”

They said that the police charged them with disorderly conduct and came back two hours later to add interfering with a law enforcement officer. Emporia PD has refused to share a copy of Claridge’s arrest report with 404 Media, saying it “could interfere with ongoing investigative efforts.”

Claridge said their wife crowdsourced a bail fund from the local community and they were out of jail about eight hours after they’d entered. “They told me my court date was September 10 in the morning,” Claridge said. “Thankfully, while I was in jail, a family friend who's also an attorney texted me and said: ‘Hey, I think you might have some legal trouble coming up in the future. I would be happy to represent you.’ So I do have a lawyer. He seems pretty gung ho about all this, and so I'm really excited to see how this all shakes out in the court.”

The charges haven’t stopped Claridge from talking about the data center — they’ve been commenting on news stories about Emporia and the arrest on social media. “This is a First Amendment thing so you bet your butt I’m going to be speaking out and talking,” they said.

The arrest is a strange twist of fate. Claridge said they’d had a good relationship with the commission before this. “Monica was actually my quote unquote ‘favorite person’ on the commission, as loosely as I can use that word. So I was very shocked when it was her that probably ordered the arrest,” Claridge said.

The city had even invited Claridge and their wife on a fact finding mission to Pryor, Oklahoma in June. Pryor is home to a massive data center campus that hosts clients like Google and DuPont so Emporia and some of its citizens went to learn how Pryor was feeling about it. Claridge filmed portions of the trip and uploaded them to YouTube.

“I was really impressed with what I saw in Pyror, Oklahoma. I saw all the ad valorem taxes go into things like schools and fire department upgrades. Like the town was wonderful down there, and they brag about how they don't take any state or federal money for their school system. It's all paid by the data center, and I think that's brilliant,” Claridge said. “I would love to see something like that if we can make the benefits outweigh the costs. So you know, do your due diligence. Look into what's being done, what's being promised, and if you don't like it, you know you can always petition and restructure your government or recall your government. That's basically what we're working on now. We got three petitions in the works to try to restructure the city commission into more of a city council situation.”

Claridge isn’t against data centers as a rule, they just want to make sure it’s done right. But the oddities around the bankrupt developer, the current plan to use 1,000 acres of prairie land, and the combative attitude of the city commission are problems. Claridge pointed out that there are already large tracts of land zoned industrial with buildings that have been empty for 20 years. “We have all these properties already ready to go, even in an industrial park four where they want to extend this park. But instead, they just want to build brand new buildings on prairie lands and lands that are like really in people's backyards,” they said.

There’s another meeting in August and Claridge said that the arrest won’t stop them from attending. “From my perspective, these are my representatives and they’re beholden to me and my fellow community members and so I’m definitely going to go and try to make my voice heard,” they said.

Claridge also said they plan to give a speech in the near future, but they haven’t worked out the details. “And I've heard that a lot of people are planning on coming and being goofy, you know, or a standing ovation or different gestures or whatever,” they said. “They really just make fun of the commission for being so upset over clapping.”

Pryor Data Center QA with mayor

Profitez des vidéos et de la musique que vous aimez, mettez en ligne des contenus originaux, et partagez-les avec vos amis, vos proches et le monde entier.

^{Lux Claridge (YouTube)}

404 Media

2026-07-28 17:27:01

‘The Government Hopes To Set a Precedent’: An Interview With the Man Charged for Allegedly Wiping His GrapheneOS Phone

In charging a man for allegedly typing in a duress password which wiped his privacy-focused GrapheneOS phone, the U.S. government is trying to intimidate other activists from protecting their data and participating in social movements, Samuel Tunick, the man charged, told 404 Media in an interview on Tuesday.

The case of Tunick, who participated in the Stop Cop City movement in Atlanta, has resonated across privacy and civil liberties circles. 404 Media first broke news of the case in December. Last week, The Guardian reported additional details including from a court hearing in the case. The maximum sentence for the alleged crime is five years in federal prison.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

‘The Government Hopes To Set a Precedent’: An Interview With the Man Charged for Allegedly Wiping His GrapheneOS Phone

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-07-28 14:06:28

Apple’s iMessage Scanning Flagged a Video of My Friend's Dog as Nudity

In a video my friend’s dog is laying on her back, her little paws in the air, while my friend rubs the dog’s chest. You can see most of the dog — who I’m not naming for very important privacy reasons — from her head to her belly. On closer inspection, you’ll notice the picture includes some dog nipples.

Apple’s iMessage thought this video was so inappropriate that it flagged the video as potentially containing nudity and blurred it. When someone else received the video over iMessage, the app displayed the message “This may be sensitive.” They had to purposefully tap to reveal the video of a dog laying on her back being petted.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

Apple’s iMessage Scanning Flagged a Video of My Friend's Dog as Nudity

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-07-27 22:56:07

Person Opposing Data Center Arrested for Clapping at City Meeting

Police arrested a high school physics teacher for clapping during a city council meeting last Wednesday. Teacher Lux Claridge went to a meeting of the Emporia, Kansas City Commission on July 22 with their spouse and brother. All three were there to speak out against a proposed hyperscale data center that would sit on 1,000 acres of rural land in Emporia. They left the meeting in handcuffs, dragged out by police on the orders of a city commissioner.

Emporia PD denied 404 Media’s request for a copy of Claridge’s arrest report. “The requested record is part of an active criminal investigation. As such, it is considered a criminal investigative record,” Emporia PD told 404 Media. “At this time, the Emporia Police Department is denying your request, as disclosure of the requested report could interfere with ongoing investigative efforts. Therefore, the record will not be released.” 404 Media has formally appealed this decision.
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
The Emporia City Council met on July 22 and planned to vote on zoning ordinances that would pave the way for the massive Flint Hills Digital Campus data center. Dozens of people from Emporia showed up to speak out against the project. The meeting went on almost five hours — much of it over community concerns about the data center. The small room where the council met could only fit around 30 people. Others waited to speak in a hallway outside or in two nearby overflow rooms.

The overwhelming majority of Emporia’s residents did not want it. There was a strict two minute time limit on public comments and the commissioners repeatedly warned people in the room not to clap or make noise. Attendees clapped anyway, though usually quickly and politely. Again, there were not many people in the room and it was not a rowdy meeting.

But the clapping upset the commissioners. “It was very clear at the beginning that everyone was given their two minutes and we’re trying to be respectful of that. Snapping, clapping, rude comments or anything, and we’ll ask you to leave. You’ve been finally warned and we’re done,” city commissioner Monica Duncan said about 50 minutes into the meeting.

Claridge clapped a few minutes later as a speaker finished and their spouse—Jessica Danford—took the podium.

“Chief, will you take the next person out who claps or anything? Please.” Duncan said. “Sorry, I’m done.”

Emporia’s police chief approached Claridge and asked them to leave. “I have a right to speak,” they said.

“Come on,” the police said.

“Drag me out,” Claridge said. “Drag me out.”Then the police physically raised Claridge up, handcuffed them, and dragged them out. They were later charged with disorderly conduct and interference with police.

Danford panicked as she watched police arrest Claridge. “Take a breath,” Emporia mayor Becky Smith said.“That’s my spouse down there,” Danford said.

“I know. I know. Take a breath,” Smith said.“Please don’t hurt them,” Danford said.

“Let him stay!” People begin to shout in the room.“They can all leave,” commissioner Duncan said, pointing her finger at the room. Then the commissioners shut down the camera feed for the meeting. It resumed about 10 minutes later. Danford was back at the podium and delivered her prepared remarks speaking out against the data center.

A few minutes later, Claridge’s brother David — who is running for state representative — took the podium. “I really look forward to making life hard for you when I get to the statehouse,” he said. “Because you removed my older sibling against their constitutional first amendment rights. This is ridiculous. I have never seen politicians so abundantly terrible at their PR. It is insane. You had someone from the opposition removed for clapping because they enjoyed a speech another member made.”

David told 404 Media that they were angry when police removed his brother. “I was enraged and had to consistently remind myself that a felony battery charge would disqualify me from office,” David told 404 Media. “I don't understand how the commission could think it was a good idea when they are already being so heavily scrutinized. I'm running for office obviously, and I cannot imagine how they thought this political theater would paint them as anything other than a mustache twirling fascist.”

At the end of the evening the commissioners voted 5 - 0 to approve the data center zoning measure.

Emporia, Kansas is like many other towns and cities that are fighting against data centers. It’s small, with a population of around 20,000, and the details around the data center development are shrouded in mystery. The Flint Hills Digital Campus is supposedly the brainchild of developer Gary Pinkston. He penned an op-ed published in the local paper the Emporia Gazette about the importance of the data center for the future of the area. The op-ed was also posted on the website for the Flint HIlls Digital Campus.

Pinkston has also recently declared federal bankruptcy and in public testimony revealed by related to that, he told his creditors that he wasn't involved with the Flint Hills Digital Campus at all. It was, he said, his daughter’s project. “I did not write this,” Pinkston told his creditors when questioned about the op-ed. The Flint HIlls Digital Campus website is now offline. The Emporia Gazette published recordings from Pinkston’s bankruptcy hearing on July 20, two days before an Emporia City Commission meeting where police arrested Claridge.

The police posted a comment about the incident on Facebook. “During the course of the meeting, several individuals in attendance were issued verbal warnings by the City Commission regarding disruptive conduct that was interrupting the proceedings,” the Emporia Police Department said in a statement on Facebook. “One individual, Lux Claridge [...] continued this behavior and was directed to leave the meeting. Claridge did not comply with law enforcement's efforts to remove [them] from the premises, requiring officers to physically carry [them] out of the meeting.”

According to Emporia PD, Claridge was booked at the Lyon County Jail on charges of interference with law enforcement and disorderly conduct. “The Emporia Police Department remains committed to ensuring public meetings are conducted safely and in an orderly manner, while also respecting the rights of all citizens to participate in the civic process,” it said in its Facebook statement.

Emporia Police Department

On July 22, 2026, the Emporia City Commission held its regularly scheduled meeting. During the course of the meeting, several individuals in attendance were issued verbal warnings by the City...

^{www.facebook.com}

404 Media

2026-07-27 13:48:42

Tons of Peoples’ Claude Chats and Creations are Exposed on Google

Claude is exposing a wealth of users’ chats and creations in Google search results, meaning anyone can dig through conversations or other material that people used Claude to make but may not have realized were publicly available for strangers to see.

The exposed data includes an AI-powered therapy app that someone appears to have vibe-coded, notes on meetings, and a dashboard someone made apparently to analyze medical billing data. Exposed chats reportedly include private cryptocurrency wallet keys and personal information like peoples’ addresses

Anthropic did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

💡
Do you work at Anthropic? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

Like other chatbots, Claude lets people share their conversations with others by creating a publicly accessible link of the chat. People may do this to send the full text of a conversation to their friends or coworkers in a group chat, for example. But they may not realize Google is also surfacing these links in search results, making them available to essentially anyone.

One Google dork — a super specific search that is useful for finding particular webpages or files — surfaced Claude chats, according to this post on the Claude subreddit. At the time of writing, that Google dork appears to have been mitigated. No results appeared when 404 Media tested it, on both Google and DuckDuckGo. The post said some of the surfaced chats included API keys, login credentials, and personal information like names, addresses, and phone numbers.
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
Claude also offers Artifacts, which are interactive work spaces for trying out vibe-coded apps or other tools. A Google dork for surfacing them is still working at the time of writing.

The data exposure is similar to one that impacted OpenAI’s ChatGPT last year, in which nearly 100,00 ChatGPT conversations were searchable on Google. A researcher was able to scrape those exposed chats, meaning that even if Google or Anthropic works to remove the Claude search results, third parties may have already grabbed their content. And it is still possible to view exposed chats even if they’re removed from Google results if you have the direct link itself.

Forbes reported the same thing happened with Claude last year too.

Claude users can change their privacy and sharing settings to make their chats no longer publicly accessible.

Nearly 100,000 ChatGPT Conversations Were Searchable on Google

A researcher has scraped a much larger dataset of indexed ChatGPT conversations, exposing contracts and intimate conversations.

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-07-27 13:25:34

Spotify's AI Problem Is So Bad Random People Are Stepping In to Track the Slop

Slime Dot, a young R&B artist from Las Vegas, currently has over 100,000 monthly listeners on Spotify. In an interview with GQ in May, after sharing an image of herself posing with Drake on Instagram, Slime Dot directly denied accusations that she was an “AI artist,” saying “The truth doesn’t matter these days. People are always gonna try to explain something they don’t fully understand and believe what they want.” GQ originally credulously published the interview and said it was “debunking the AI rumors.” Eventually, GQ added a note to the end of the article conceding Slime Dot was an AI avatar, but said the “talent behind the music remains undeniable.”

This confusion could have been avoided if Spotify had done what many of its users and critics have been begging it to do since AI music generators like Suno and Udio made it trivial to flood the internet with AI music. Spotify could flag Slime Dot and other AI-generated music on its platform as such. Other platforms, like YouTube, already do this.

Since Spotify doesn’t do that, users can visit SoullessMusic.com, a database for “AI artists hiding on Spotify. No bands, no studios, no soul, just machines and melody.” There, Slime Dot is listed as “almost certainly AI” based on an analysis of three of the tracks and the fact that Slime Dot released such a large number of tracks in a short period of time. Alternatively, users could go to SlopTracker, where they can upload files or copy/paste links to Spotify tracks to run them through a tool which will tell them, with varying degrees of confidence, whether a song was AI-generated or not. SlopTracker found that Slime Dot’s track “Fully” was 95 percent likely to be AI generated by Suno.

“I didn't know what's AI and what's not,” Graeme Fulton, who created SoullessMusic, told me. “And then I'm on Instagram Reels and I see loads of artists unhappy saying some artist has popped up with their song and just copied it. And there's loads of different cases where they [AI artists] would copy an artist's look and appearance […] sort of just stealing from artists.”

Last year, I wrote a story about an exceptionally bad example of what Fulton is talking about. A scammer used Spotify to publish AI-generated music under the name of a real, dead musician, seemingly in an attempt to syphon money from his popularity via streams. After I published that story I heard from several (living) artists who said the same thing happened to them. A similar case involving a Danish jazz musician was covered by Danish publications in April.

Another reader recently told me about a popular Spotify artist that was publishing hours of Iranian jazz every week. The channel, Qajar Jazz, which popped up in December of last year, has 29,579 monthly listeners, gained more popularity after the start of the U.S. war with Iran and the channel making vague allusions to resilience and preserving culture in video descriptions and comments on YouTube. Unlike Spotify, Qajar Jazz videos on YouTube are labeled as being AI-generated in the fine print, though it’s unclear if the channel tagged itself as such or if YouTube did. Both SoullessMusic and SlopTracker detect it as being AI generated.

Qajar Jazz did not respond to a request for comment.

Many of the YouTube comments on Qajar Jazz videos indicate that people think the music is made by real people. In addition to creating a database of AI generated music on Spotify, SoullessMusic also collects social media posts from people who say they were similarly tricked by AI generated music. Some posts are from musicians who lament the fact that they are now competing with algorithms that can produce thousands of tracks with no effort, and others are from artists whose music was directly ripped off by AI artists.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by 𝓘𝓼𝓪𝓫𝓮𝓵 (@isabel_music_official)

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by UMAW (@weareumaw)

Fulton said he started looking around on GitHub for open source AI music detection tools, and ended up building a new, open source detector that relies on open source models called SONICS, the lofcz vocoder fakeprint detector, and other open data sets. SoullessMusic also scans a track’s metadata for any tags that might tie it back to a specific AI music generator, and Fulton says he also has a script that scans Wikipedia for existing entries on an artist. Users can submit tracks from Spotify to the site they suspect are AI generated, and Fulton reviews them manually before adding them to the database. Despite all of this, he admits the system is not perfect.

Both Soulless Music and SlopTracker use AI and other automated tools to detect AI music. As we’ve written previously, using AI detectors to detect AI content is an inherently flawed process that can lead to false positives. When I asked him how he handles cases of false positives, Fulton said “it's not ideal when that happens, but it's going to happen because it's still quite tricky to check what's AI and what’s not.”

Spotify’s lack of transparency and unwillingness to label AI-generated music makes it impossible to track how much money its making on the platform. Last year, the company announced that it would it would AI disclosures on AI generated music, but I haven’t seen it on any of the dozens of tracks I reviewed for this story. Udio and Sudo both include inaudible digital watermarking in their generation, which in theory could make it easy for Spotify to tag these tracks.

"We're employing a layered approach that combines enforcement, artist controls and greater transparency," a Spotify spokesperson told me after this article was first published. "Over the past year, we've introduced policies targeting harmful AI-related behaviors like spam, impersonation and deceptive content, alongside new tools that give artists more control and listeners more context. These include Verified by Spotify, which helps listeners identify authentic artist profiles; AI Credits, where artists disclose when and how AI was used in creating their music, with tens of thousands of AI credit disclosures now being submitted each day; and Artist Profile Protection, which gives artists more control over what appears on their profiles. We are continuing to build on these efforts.”

Spotify also pointed me to several tracks it had flagged as AI on the mobile app, like Better Times by Mike Mana.

Soulless music attempts to quantify that number based on publicly available streaming data. The small number of AI artists tracked on SoullessMusic generate an estimated $5.7 million a year, with the most popular AI artist, mikeeysmind, generating $1.5 million annually alone. In April, Deezer, a Spotify competitor that attempts to tag all AI-generated music on its platform, said 44 percent of all new music uploaded to its platform is now AI generated. SlopTracker, which attempts to track AI generated music on Spotify that is featured on official Spotify-curated playlists, that those artists are “draining” $0.1188 per second from real artists who could be making the music instead.

Deezer: AI-generated tracks now represent 44% of all new uploaded music - Deezer Newsroom

As the only streaming platform tagging AI-generated music, Deezer now reveals that nearly 75,000 AI-tracks are uploaded every day

^{Maribel Khouwes (Deezer Newsroom)}

404 Media

2026-07-21 13:51:39

AI Companies Are Buying Tons of Old Books Because They're Free of AI Slop

As AI companies search for more training data to improve their models, one company is offering old, printed books as an ideal source because they are guaranteed to be free of the very AI slop AI companies are producing.

“The world's best AI training data is sitting on a shelf,” ISBNdb, a company that produces what it claims is “the world’s largest book database,” and that offers high-volume book acquisition services for AI companies, says on its site. “Books represent curated, peer-reviewed, domain-specific human knowledge, structured in a way no web crawl can replicate. Dense, edited, authoritative.”

In one article on its site, ISBNdb explains that printed books published before 2022 are ideal for AI training data because they don’t include AI generated text. As the article correctly notes, much of the data that AI companies can scrape from the internet today is likely to include AI generated text, which could result in “model collapse,” a process by which AI models that are trained on AI generated data results in worse models that are more prone to errors. The article also notes that book authors who object to their writing being scraped for training purposes can now easily poison AI models by producing writing designed to manipulate and sabotage the resulting AI models.

“Print books from the pre-LLM era are structurally guaranteed to be free of this contamination. That alone is a significant advantage [...] “Physical books published before this date [pre-2022] are structurally clean of modern poisoning tools.”

ISBN stands for International Standard Book Number, the numerical commercial book identifier and barcode on the back of most books. For years, ISBNdb helped book sellers, libraries, and distributors manage their inventory and find and sell books, but the generative AI boom has made it valuable to AI companies. In addition to selling access to book metadata, ISBNdb now helps AI labs source bulk printed book purchases of between 1,000 to 1 million books per order. ISBNdb’s data makes it easier for AI companies to methodically acquire, scan, and turn printed books into training data while avoiding duplication.

AI companies’ attempts to hoover up printed books for training data got wide attention in January after a copyright lawsuit from book authors against Anthropic revealed internal documents detailing its plan to obtain and scan millions of printed books, and destroy them in the process. The Washington Post article found that Anthropic was buying books from one company called Better World Books, one of several marketplaces where libraries, retailers, and individuals can sell their books. Google was recently sued by book publishers for similarly training Google Gemini on copyrighted books.

ISBNdb advertises that it can keep the identity of AI companies secret.

“Strict NDA [non-disclosure agreement] on every engagement,” ISBNdb’s site says. “Every project begins with a legally binding non-disclosure agreement. Your identity, strategy, and acquisition targets are never disclosed.”

ISBNdb notes that AI companies may not want to be caught destroying printed books during the scanning process.

“The optics problem is real,” ISBNdb’s site says. “‘AI company destroys two million books’ is not a headline that generates sympathy.”

One professional bookseller who specializes in selling foreign language books on these marketplaces told me that, starting in April, he and other booksellers noticed a historic spike in sales. This bookseller asked to remain anonymous so he can continue to do business on these platforms.

“I personally have mixed feelings about all of this,” the bookseller, who suspects he’s sold hundreds of books to AI companies for training data, told me. “It benefits me financially as well as by clearing out old inventory that is otherwise unlikely to sell. I’ve been well-suited for these sales with inventory from overseas and foreign language books. On the other hand, I don’t like the end-use, and I don’t like that uncommon books are being pulped.”

This bookseller said his inventory is full of rare, foreign language, and low circulation books, meaning that if they are destroyed in the process of becoming training data, they’ll be even harder to obtain.

The seller told me that, normally, on a good week, he’d sell about 20 books. Since April, he has regularly sold hundreds of books a week. While the seller didn’t have clear evidence that the purchases were being made by AI companies, the purchases made him suspect that they were. First of all, he said, the kind of books he sells are specialized and are usually bought by schools and libraries. Purchases from these organizations have been trending downward because of reduced funding, he said. Bulk purchases also usually reflect interest in a specific topic, whereas the recent, very large purchases were of books that had little in common, except for the fact that they all had ISBNs. This seller also sells rare books that do not have ISBNs, and none of those were part of the bulk purchases. I have not seen any evidence that this bookseller’s recent sales were facilitated by ISBNdb or that the client was an Anthropic or another AI company.

“It's not just the quantity, but the weirdness of the orders,” the bookseller told me. “I've had library orders before, and usually they're mostly confined to a single subject or maybe a slightly broader range of subjects. But basically, almost every library in the world has lost their budget. I know all the U.S. college libraries don't buy much anymore. The Australian libraries don't buy much anymore. The type of books [...] there's no rhyme or reason to it. Also, there's a total disregard for the price of the book. I've had some books that sold through this way that were [...] greatly overpriced. That's kind of a tell for AI because they have just so much money.”

“Is it just me, or has there been an uptick in the number of AutoBuy orders since the tail end of last year?” one bookseller wrote on the forums for Alibris, another marketplace for selling books, in February. The AutoBuy function allows a customer to flag books they want to automatically purchase once they become available for sale on Alibris. “Any comment on what is happening? Is an AI going to read every single book? Any insight into how the selections are made? They seem to vary quite a bit in condition, format (hardcover and softcover), price and so on.”

“We have a couple of new bulk buyers that are scooping up trade books so lots of sellers are getting lots of orders,” Mike Feldman, director of client services at Alibris, responded.

One bookseller told me that similarly large orders of books were coming through another marketplace called Biblio. Customers can provide Biblio with a spreadsheet of ISBNs they want to purchase and the company takes it from there.

In June, a publication in the Netherlands talked to several rare booksellers who reported similar large bulk purchases they assumed were coming from AI companies.

It’s hard to say for a fact that the books are being bought for training data and possibly being destroyed by AI companies because ISBNdb and book marketplaces like Biblio and Alibris keep the identity of the buyer hidden. Large bulk purchases of books are first sent to distribution centers where, for example, Alibris checks the quality of the books before sending them off to the client.

Internal Anthropic documents about its plan to scan millions of books, revealed in the copyright lawsuit, don’t make clear why the company wanted to destroy the books in the process. A deposition of Tom Harvey, who Anthropic hired to lead the project and who previously helped create Google Books, shows that one company Anthropic contracted to scan the books was Datamation, which offers both “high volume destructive and non-destructive book scanning” services. In a destructive book scanning process, the spine of the book is cut so the pages can be fed into a scanning machine, which is faster and cheaper than non-destructive book scanning.

Regardless of its original intentions, the federal judge in the copyright lawsuit from authors against Anthropic, William Alsup, found that Anthropic’s creation of digital copies of the books was legal specifically because the books were destroyed.

“Here, every purchased print copy was copied in order to save storage space and to enable searchability as a digital copy,” Alsup wrote in his ruling. “The print original was destroyed. One replaced the other. And, there is no evidence that the new, digital copy was shown, shared, or sold outside the company.”

This, Alsup said, was “clearly transformative” and therefore qualified as fair use under Section 107 of the Copyright Act.

ISBNdb’s site advertises this legal argument to AI companies as well.

“Purchasing paper books at scale from the secondary market does not deprive any creator of income they would otherwise have received,” ISBNdb’s site says. “These are books that have already fully discharged their financial obligation to their creators.”

“Responsible physical sourcing is not book burning,” ISBNdb’s site in a section about why it’s crucial to recycle the destroyed books. “It is the completion of a book’s lifecycle: from tree to knowledge to tree again.”

ISBNdb and Anthropic did not respond to a request for comment.

Book publishers sue Google for copyright infringement over Gemini AI training

Group of major publishers accuses the tech giant of ‘one of the most prolific infringements of copyrighted materials in history’

^{Emma Loffhagen (the Guardian)}

404 Media

2026-07-17 15:35:37

ICE to Pay Thomson Reuters $125 Million to Find ‘Voter Fraud’

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) plans to pay data broker giant Thomson Reuters $125 million for access to its databases of personal data — which includes peoples’ names, addresses, Social Security numbers, ethnicity, social media posts, and geolocation information — to help Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) investigate what it describes as “voters fraud” and immigration fraud, according to procurement documents reviewed by 404 Media. The document says Thomson Reuters is able to let ICE continuously monitor millions of people and entities of interest.

The news comes after President Trump held a conspiracy-laden and unhinged press conference about election security on Thursday, setting the stage for potentially undermining the legitimacy of the upcoming midterm elections. It also follows ICE fatally shooting 2 people in a week.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

ICE to Pay Thomson Reuters $125 Million to Find ‘Voter Fraud’

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-07-16 13:56:48

How Cops Use Flock to Track People, Not Cars

Police departments around the country have used Flock cameras at least hundreds of times to search for specific people, not cars, using searches such as “heavy-set male with a black and white hat,” “person on skateboard,” and “person wearing orange vest and construction hat,” according to data reviewed by 404 Media. Sometimes searches reference a target’s race or signs of their political affiliation.

The searches highlight that while most people associate Flock cameras with scanning license plates and tracking vehicles, some of the cameras are also capable of following the movements of particular people or groups of people. Flock’s nationwide network of cameras lets police officers in one state search for a vehicle across many other states at once; the people searches do a similar thing, typically on a smaller scale, sometimes querying many hundreds of cameras at once. These are called “FreeForm” searches, and allow cops to use Flock’s system as though they would use a search engine, with Flock’s AI and image recognition interpreting what footage and which people are relevant to a police officer’s search.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

How Cops Use Flock to Track People, Not Cars

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-07-10 18:32:21

AI Fiction Is Easy to Detect Because It's Stupid and Bad, Research Finds

Fiction written by artificial intelligence is easy to detect because it struggles with complex story structure and tends to moralize in clunky ways, according to a preprint study from researchers at University of Maryland, College Park and Google DeepMind. They found that AI fiction has tells that go beyond stereotypical overuse of em-dashes and other obvious AI tropes and have more to do with the formulaic nature of the text itself.

“AI stories over-explain themes and favor tidy, single-track plots while human stories frame protagonists’ choices as more morally ambiguous and have increased temporal complexity,” the study, which looked at more than 50,000 AI-generated short stories, found. “Claude produces notably flat event escalation, GPT over-indexes on dream sequences, and Gemini defaults to external character description. We find that AI-generated stories cluster in a shared region of narrative space, while human-authored stories exhibit greater diversity. More broadly, these results suggest that differences in underlying narrative construction, not just writing style, can be used to separate human-written original works from AI-generated fiction.”
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
Basically, AI-generated fiction sucks and at the moment is easy to detect. The typical method of detection involves looking for stylistic markers such as an abundance of em-dashes, the overuse of the word “delve,” or an obsession with goblins, but this project tried something different. “The idea for this project came because we are hoping to eventually move past plain text detection, into some sort of space where we can separate human ideas from AI-generated ideas,” Jenna Russell, a University of Maryland researcher and one of the study’s authors, told 404 Media. Russell is also an intern at the AI-detection company Pangram.

Russell and her team decided to attempt to detect what she called “narrative features” in AI- generated fiction. The detector is called StoryScope and it builds on NarraBench, a 2025 benchmark that suggested a taxonomy of narrative features in fiction. StoryScope looked at how fiction handled plot development, character descriptions, setting, and temporal structure to determine if something was written by a human or an AI.

“It was my first attempt at getting 'under the surface' and focusing more on ideas,” Russell said. “We wanted to see how close to typical AI-detection we could get by only relying on the narrative features, to understand if this sort of structural difference really even exists. This method also adds some interpretability to detection, which is an open question in the field. Using narrative features, we can point to certain tangible features (such as the number of subplots included in a story). I think this is why it's struck a chord recently, people can really say ‘ah these are some of the underlying traits of how AI writes fiction.’”

To test StoryScope, the researchers selected 10,272 human-written stories then reverse engineered them into writing prompts using Gemini 2.5. Then it took those thousands of prompts and fed them into Gemini 3 Flash, DeepSeek V3.2, Claude Sonnet 4.6, Kimi K2.5, and GPT 5.4. All of the data — including the prompts and the resulting AI stories — are available on Hugging Face.

To source the stories, the researchers used the Books3 dataset — a database of 183,000 books collected from pirated ebooks. The dataset is the subject of several lawsuits and has been used to train an unknown number of LLMs. The StoryScope study included more than 10,000 of some of the most famous short stories ever written, many of them pulled from popular anthologies. There’s Joyce Carol Oates, Stephen King, Louis L'Amour, Charlotte Perkins, and Harlan Ellison. All have been rendered down to their base elements by AI and then regurgitated into a different LLM to see if it can replicate them.

Russell told me the dataset was controversial. “Hence why we do not release it to the public,” she said.

The study itself contained a disclosure. “We acknowledge the copyright issues related to the Books3 dataset and do not endorse its use for model training or commercial text generation,” it said. “The use of the dataset in our paper is restricted to academic purposes only and is meant to understand the narrative differences in human-written and AI-generated text to help inform discussions on AI-detection, authorship, and copyright policy.”

The various AIs, of course, can’t possibly replicate the prose of O. Henry. So what, according to StoryScope, are the narrative quirks of LLM-written simulacra of English’s grand works of fiction?

AI tools tend to over explain themes, for one.

“Narrators explicitly explain the story’s theme 77% of the time, versus 52% for humans: a grieving character’s arc will typically end with the narrator stating the lesson learned. AI dialogue serves philosophical debate more often (59% vs. 34%), and references to other works tend to be vague allusions (72% vs. 50%) rather than specific, named references. The pattern is one of over-determination: AI spells out meaning rather than trusting the reader to infer,” the study said.

AI also more often avoids subplots and fails to play with time jumps and flashbacks. The systems overwrite passages about the body and senses. “Where a human author might write that a character ‘felt afraid,’ AI renders fear as a tightening chest, cold sweat, and dimming lamplight,” the study said. Humans also spin more complicated narratives involving more characters and locations than AI can handle. Humans also reference other works of fiction, specific people and places in a way that AI struggles with.

A disclosure caught my eye at the bottom of the StoryScope study. “Large language models and coding agents (Claude Code and Codex) are used to aid with and polish writing and generate some tables and plots,” it said.

“I believe it's important to disclose AI use (and ideally think it should be more in-depth than I wrote in the paper),” Russell told me. “Most researchers are using AI, a lot of it seemingly 'slop' [...] but a lot of it is high-effort, good research. Also, technically you are supposed to disclose AI use for conference submissions, but most people don't. I want to help change that norm!”

She also explained a bit more about how AI agents helped shape the project. “I use AI agents to help implement the code (using the claude code / codex interfaces). I also use them as an editor during the writing process! They have access to the project codebase and the paper latex, so the agents can implement graphics for me much more quickly than I could,” she said. “They write comments and add to the paper draft, but I keep it all in different colors so I can manually review and accept/reject/edit any suggestions from AI. I am a big believer that AI can help or hurt writing, but usually helps when not used to create more internet 'slop'.”

I kept thinking about Harlan Ellison and Robert Silverberg’s story “Ship-Shape Pay-Off” being turned into an AI prompt and then spit back out by an LLM. Ellison died in 2018 and was notoriously protective of his work to the point of violence. He successfully sued James Cameron for plagiarism over The Terminator. I have a hard time imagining he’d be happy to see his story pumped into a machine, no matter the results.

“A lot of people, like teachers or readers, don't really care if AI was used in the writing process, but do care if the human is the one behind the heart of it,” Russell said. “A teacher wants to know if their student understood the lesson, and a reader wants to know that the creativity behind a touching story was truly the work of the human author.”

These 183,000 Books Are Fueling the Biggest Fight in Publishing and Tech

Use our new search tool to see which authors have been used to train the machines.

^{Alex Reisner (The Atlantic)}

404 Media

2026-07-08 17:26:42

Meta Patents AI Device That Tracks Your Emotions, Watches You Take Your Meds

Meta has filed a patent for a system that records your voice and surroundings all day, then uses an AI to analyse your mood. The patent’s stated, theoretical goal is for Meta, a company that makes billions of dollars targeting ads at its users based on their data, is to sell users a wearable that tailors workouts for them based on whether they’re happy or sad.

Patentlyze first noticed the patent which was published on July 2 after Meta filed it back in December of 2025. The filing described an “apparatus” that surveilled a user and their surroundings constantly to craft a better workout. “The audible communications may be associated with contextual factors such as time of day, location, user activity, or digital interaction,” the patent said. “The audible communications may be transcribed, and an emotional-state machine learning model may interpret verbal and nonverbal cues to determine emotional indicators.”
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
According to the filing, Meta needs to know when a user laughs or sighs, where they are physically, and what objects they’re surrounded by. It would even like to know when you’ve taken your meds. “The AI assistant may listen to a user(s) at predefined times to hear various types of communication, such as sighs, laughter, and/or the tone(s) of a voice(s),” the patent said. “The AI assistant may use these inputs to quantify the user's emotional state or generate other insights about the user [...] in another example, the AI assistant may take multiple inputs in in addition to audio inputs (e.g., of a user's voice) to provide a summary of emotional trends based on various inputs (e.g., a happier emotional state associated with a particular time of day or at a time when medication is taken, etc.).”

The more data it has, the patent explains, the better it could understand a user’s moods. “The system increases the precision and reliability of emotional inference by aligning multimodal sensor inputs on synchronized timelines, which creates a novel data structure that supports richer emotional analysis,” it said. “These combined features deliver a technical improvement in automated audio interpretation, enabling continuous emotional monitoring on everyday devices.”
Image via the US Patent Office.
The emotional-analyzing AI would need far more than just a user’s words to determine moods over time. A longer description of the hypothetical training data for the AI included “attributes of thousands of objects” such as a user’s books, personal messages, and newspapers. “In some examples, audible communications may include speech (e.g., voice data), sighs, laughter, or other nonverbal sounds associated with an expression(s), an emotion(s), or ideas. In some examples, the audible communications may include the tone(s) of a voice of a user while making the communication(s),” it said.

All this data, Meta says, would be in service of tailoring better workouts. Humans, the patent explained, are simply not as good as a machine for this. “Personal trainers cannot provide the level of precision in guidance, such as correcting a pose and/or body movement,” it said. “These challenges create a need for a practical approach that uses a single device to observe movement, recommend routines, and provide corrective guidance.”

AI lives and dies by its training data. Many of the leading LLMs have already scanned the entire internet and are still hungry for more. Meta’s patented system would give it unprecedented access to the movements, moods, and interactions of its users. Giving the user workout suggestions in return seems a paltry compensation.

A wearable device that records every sound you make and transcribes it for an LLM while monitoring your exact location is a privacy nightmare. It’s also a fear that underpins many people’s concerns about big tech.
Image via US Patent Office
A wearable that records your every word and divines your emotions would also, necessarily, record your interactions with other people. Meta has pioneered non-consensual public recording with its smartglasses so it’s not shocking to see it file a patent that suggests it’ll move further into that space.

The last time Meta explicitly pursued user’s emotional data, it horrified people. In 2012, the company then called Facebook conducted a study into “emotional contagion” using Facebook’s newsfeed. Meta altered the feeds of 700,000 users to see if it could make them happy or sad just by tweaking what they saw online. Meta found that it could, in fact, alter people’s moods if it wanted. It did this without informing users they’d been part of an experiment.

Now it’s patented a device that will record your laughter and play it back to you. All in service of crafting the perfect workout routine. “An implementation may show that the user laughs more often on certain days, shows improved mood after life events, or expresses more positive emotion during morning routines. The device may also provide citations to specific audio moments that support the emotional interpretation,” it said.

Meta wants to tell you how you feel and it’ll use your own voice to do it.

"Like other companies, patents at Meta are often filed to disclose concepts that may or may not be implemented, and a granted patent does not guarantee that Meta has pursued or will pursue the technology described," Meta spokesperson Tracy Clayton told 404 Media.

Update 7/8/26: This story has been updated with a comment from Meta.

A $60 Mod to Meta’s Ray-Bans Disables Its Privacy-Protecting Recording Light

Meta’s Ray-Ban glasses usually include an LED that lights up when the user is recording other people. One hobbyist is charging a small fee to disable that light, and has a growing list of customers around the country.

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-07-04 10:00:09

SOLVED: The Case of the Missing Megalodon

Welcome back to the Abstract! Here are the studies this week that glimpsed a bygone world, caught an 80-foot fish, outshone the stars, and declared scientific independence.

First, a mysterious group of extinct human relatives were probably not as advanced as once thought, a finding that sheds light on their possible lineage. Then: a gem from the paleontological lost-and-found, megaconstellations versus stellar constellations, and oh-say-can-you-see 250 years of American science history?

As always, for more of my work, check out my book First Contact: The Story of Our Obsession with Aliens, or subscribe to my personal newsletter the BeX Files.

I do not doubt their hearts, just the reach of their arms

Veatch, E. Grace et al. ‘Taphonomic analysis at Liang Bua reveals the behavioral and technological capabilities of Homo floresiensis.” Science Advances.

A long time ago on a lush tropical island, a population of “hobbits” ventured into a cave to scavenge the kills of dragons. This is not a Tolkien tale—it’s the upshot of a new study about the short-statured human relative Homo floresiensis, which lived for more than a million years on the Indonesian island of Flores alongside Komodo dragons.

Colloquially known as hobbits for their short 3.5-foot stature, H. floresiensis arrived on Flores about 1.27 million years ago and vanished around the same time as the arrival of modern humans some 50,000 years ago.

The hobbits have inspired much debate over their possible ancestry and whether they were capable of making fires or hunting big game, based on the discovery of charred and butchered bones of the extinct proboscidean (elephant relative) Stegodon in the expansive Liang Bua cave, which also contains many hobbit remains.

Now, researchers have cast doubt on the hobbits as hunters and fire-wielders, suggesting instead that they likely scavenged Stegodon carcasses that had already been killed by Komodo dragons. Though the hobbits left marks on the bones with butchering tools, the team concluded that they consumed the flesh raw. The charred remains, meanwhile, were likely left by late-arriving modern humans.
A facial reconstruction of Homo floresiensis. Image: Cicero Moraes et al
“Komodo dragons likely had primary access to these remains leaving behind only low-utility elements for H. floresiensis to scavenge,” said researchers led by E. Grace Veatch of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. The team added that the bodily proportions of the hobbits are “unconducive for running and throwing that would make the act of hunting large game (in the traditional sense) quite difficult.”

I guess these people have never seen Merry Brandybuck help take down the Witch-king of Angmar. In all seriousness, the study has implications for unraveling the mysterious lineage of these hobbits, as it may mean they descended from hominins that never achieved fire making or big-game hunting.

The team noted that the elephant relatives may have been attracted to Liang Bua not just to “seek relief from heat and/or for sources of water, salt, and minerals” but as “a place to mourn deceased individuals.” Grieving proboscideans, halflings, and venomous dragons? It’s enough to make one a Middle Earth truther.

In other news…

SOLVED: The case of the missing megalodon

Shimada, Kenshu et al. Rediscovery of the associated gigantic vertebrae of the extinct megatooth shark, Otodus megalodon, from the Upper Miocene Gram Formation in Denmark, and comments on its paleobiological significance and the maximum possible size of the species” Palaeontologia Electronica.

Ever misplace an important item like a wallet, or heirloom, or the backbone of an extinct giant shark? We’ve all been there. But scientists have good news on the latter front: a long-lost vertebrae of a Megalodon—the biggest shark in history and star of The Meg—has been rediscovered after it went missing in 1989 during a move between facilities.
Dr. Mette Elstrup holding a 10.8-million-year-old vertebral fossil specimen of the extinct megatooth shark, Otodus megalodon, from the Gram Formation of Denmark featured in the new study, and a reconstructed O. megalodon jaw model in the background. Image: Museum of Southern Jutland, Denmark
“An attentive collection manager at [National History Museum of Denmark] recently rediscovered a small portion of the vertebral specimen, which is now formally cataloged as NHMD 157890,” said researchers led by Kenshu Shimada of DePaul University. “We report on the rediscovery of the specimen, which was thought to be lost.”

The resurfacing of NHMD 157890, which belonged to a Megalodon that lived nearly 11 million years ago, confirms that this animal could have grown as large as 80 feet, perhaps even bigger.

The fossil measures nine inches across, making it “the largest shark vertebral specimen known to date, and quite possibly even the largest non-tetrapod vertebrae ever recorded.”

Once again, a killer shark has arrived just before the Fourth of July weekend. We’re lucky that, unlike the shark from Jaws, this Meg is very dead.

They can’t take the sky from you…oh wait nvm

Hainaut, O. R. “Large or bright satellite constellations Effects on observations, including background sky brightness.” Astronomy & Astrophysics.

The age of the Megalodon is over. The time of the megaconstellation has come. Space is rapidly becoming populated by these immense satellite networks, prompting astronomers to raise alarms about their impact on our view of the night sky.

In a new study, a scientist warns that current plans to launch upward of 1.7 million satellites in the near future would “have a devastating impact on astronomical observations” because satellites “photo-bomb” images and also produce light pollution and radio interference.

Of particular concern are extremely bright objects, such as the large orbital data centers proposed by SpaceX or the mirror-like satellites proposed by the startup Reflect Orbital, which aims to provide sunlight to Earth at nighttime.
youtube.com/embed/LJNwAKSL17s?…
“A large constellation such as SpaceX’s Orbital Data Center…would place thousands of satellites above naked-eye visibility—comparable to the number of natural stars visible in a dark sky,” Hainaut said. “Reflect Orbital would produce more than 100 Venus-bright satellites by 2030 and over 1,000 by 2035…In light-polluted regions, one could effectively see only artificial satellites at night.”

“Beyond astronomy, they raise concerns about orbital crowding, space debris, and atmospheric pollution from launches and re-entries,” he added. What’s more, these megaconstellations also get in the way of traditional skywatching, a cross-cultural practice that dates back tens of thousands of years. Without regulatory measures on this infrastructure, the night sky that we’ve gazed upon for countless generations may have vanished within our lifetimes.

The semiquin-science-tennial

Wellerstein, Alex et al. “American science at 250.” Science.

Cookouts. Fireworks. And 250 years of wild, spectacular, and frequently ill-advised science. If you’re looking for some Fourth of July brainfood, check out this week’s special issue of Science which reflects on America’s scientific legacy on this semiquincentennial.

“The scholars writing here do not shy away from grappling with paradoxes in US science history, confronting the complexities of six notable moments: the Manhattan Project, the unrecognized contributions of enslaved people to early agricultural knowledge, the rise of Silicon Valley, the advent of biotechnology, the eugenics movement, and the space program,” said Valerie Thompson, the books and culture editor of Science.

“In doing so, they invite science lovers, critics, and everyone in between to contemplate the past and future of the US scientific enterprise and related questions about democracy, representation, and state support for research.”

Happy contemplating! See you next week.

SpaceX’s Satellite Megaconstellations Are Astrocolonialism, Indigenous Advocates Say

Satellite companies such as SpaceX and Amazon aim to provide global broadband, but their networks threaten dark skies and Indigenous traditions that depend on them.

^{Becky Ferreira (VICE)}

404 Media

2026-07-02 10:00:09

Companies Are Throttling Employees’ AI Use Because It’s Too Expensive

Companies across tech, entertainment, banking, and many other industries are throttling their employees’ use of AI and pleading with workers to use less powerful models to stop AI costs from spiraling out of control, according to leaked Slack chats, screenshots of internal dashboards, emails, and more material obtained by 404 Media from half a dozen companies including Atlassian, Adobe, and Amazon. In at least one case, AI spending has tripled to more than $15 million a month.

The news shows the looming fallout from companies adopting AI as quickly as possible, and AI providers’ moves to charge enterprises based on how much they use AI rather than a flat fee. Emails obtained by 404 Media even show some companies cutting off access to some AI models altogether in an attempt to stop burning through their AI tokens, and big tech companies like Adobe are ending unlimited access to Claude.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

Companies Are Throttling Employees’ AI Use Because It’s Too Expensive

Sources and leaks from Amazon, Adobe, Atlassian, Citi, and more show what is really happening with AI right now: companies are trying to rein in AI use as costs spiral out of control.

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-07-01 10:00:57

Apple ‘Hide My Email’ Vulnerability Reveals Peoples’ Real Email Addresses

A vulnerability in Apple’s “Hide My Email” tool lets almost anyone discover a person’s real email address that is supposed to be hidden by the feature, and Apple has failed to fix it for more than a year, according to a security researcher and 404 Media’s own tests.

404 Media is not revealing the exact details of the vulnerability because it can still be exploited as of Monday, when 404 Media verified the issue with one of our own hidden email addresses.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

Apple ‘Hide My Email’ Vulnerability Reveals Peoples’ Real Email Addresses

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-06-30 13:48:27

Scammers Sell Seeds for Exotic AI-Generated Flowers That Don’t Exist

Scammers are selling seeds for plants that don’t exist with spectacular, AI-generated images of technicolor leaves that bloom in the shape of birds, butterflies, and cat heads. This type of fake seeds scam predates widespread access to AI image generators, but the ability to easily create these images has made the scam more widespread, especially on big online retailers like eBay, Amazon, and Etsy, which are unable to keep up with the flood of scam plant sellers on their platforms.

The type of images scammers use to sell seeds online range from slightly exaggerated aesthetics to full-blown, obviously fake AI slop that looks like it was rejected from Avatar’s alien jungle.

One common scam seed is for a sunflower variety called ‘teddy bear,’ named after its poofy, fluffy appearance. You can see what it looks like in reality on the Royal Horticultural Society’s website. Spectacular, yes, but that is nothing compared to the AI-generated images of gigantic, purple teddy bear sunflowers on Etsy:

This Etsy store, which sells a wide selection of seeds for real plants with AI-generated images, and which also randomly sells AI-generated Trump T-shirts, has mixed reviews, with some buyers saying the seeds look healthy, and others complaining they never got their shipment, or that they received seeds for the wrong plant.

At least dozens of sellers on eBay and Amazon also offer seeds for plants they promote with clearly AI-generated images. Searching the stores for “sunflower teddy bear seeds” returns many such images, including identical images to those I found on Etsy. For some reason, AI-generated images for teddy bear sunflowers often feature a random old lady next to the gigantic flowers (grandma for scale?).

On the more obviously fake end of the spectrum is basically anything sold on Etsy by Trenzay. For example, this hosta plant that looks like a bunch of screaming demon shrimps:

This plant that looks like a butterfly:

Or this very patriotic, red, white, and blue plant:

“Rose seeds” and “rainbow seeds” are two of the more common types of fake plants promoted with AI-generated images, probably because the rainbow-colored leaves and bushes are eye-catching. To me, they seem obviously, laughably AI-generated, but their popularity and public facing data from some online retailers indicate people have bought them thousands of times. This is reflected not only in user reviews who claim the sellers are scammers, but also by the number of units sold, which is sometimes shown on eBay.

🌸
Do you know anything else about these seed scams? I would love to hear from you. You can message me securely on Signal at ‪@emanuel.404‬. Otherwise, send me an email at emanuel@404media.co.

In 2024 I wrote a story about Google serving users AI-generated images of mushrooms, which could potentially have dangerous consequences for users who are using Google to decide whether a mushroom is safe to eat. A moderator of the r/mycology Reddit community told me at the time that at some point, scams for exotic rose seeds were so common that Google image search results for that term turned up AI-generated or photoshopped images of fake flowers almost exclusively.

Seeds for these clearly fake, colorful roses sold 37,271 times on eBay before eBay banned the seller:

Seeds for these gigantic, fake teddy bear sunflowers sold 1,301 times (AI-generated grandma not included):

“These listings have remained unchanged for years. It is a profitable business to sell fake seeds since there is no cost involved beyond an envelope and postage, a plastic bag and a few hours to collect random seeds,” the r/mycology moderator told me at the time. “The selling price may be low but enough people buy them to make it add up.”

Tip Jar

The fake seed scam is not limited to the dominant online retailers either. On Reddit and Facebook, plant enthusiasts warn each other about shady sites dedicated to selling seeds that offer the same fake plants.

In addition to confusing search engines about what real plants look like, the risk to people ordering seeds for a fake plant is that they’re not going to get what they want and waste their money. The seeds might sprout an entirely different plant than the one advertised, or not sprout at all.

The bigger problem is that if people don’t realize that they’re planting seeds for an entirely different plant than the one they ordered, they could unknowingly introduce invasive species to their environment. Last year, three states issued warnings against planting seeds they received in the mail as part of a widespread scam popularized around 2020, in which people were sent unsolicited packets of mystery seeds that sellers then used to write bogus online reviews for unrelated items.
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
“Trust is foundational to eBay’s marketplace and we have policies and controls in place to help detect and prevent fraudulent activity on our marketplace, including misleading AI-generated images that violate our listing practices policy,” an eBay spokesperson told me in an email. “We work diligently to prevent and remove non-compliant listings through seller compliance audits, block filter algorithms, AI-supported monitoring by in-house specialists, and through close partnerships with regulators. We continue to invest in tools and technologies and we encourage users to report suspicious activity and, where we identify behavior that violates our policies, we take appropriate action.”

Etsy and Amazon did not respond to a request for comment.

Google Serving AI-Generated Images of Mushrooms Could Have 'Devastating Consequences'

AI-generated images of mushrooms that look nothing like the real species could spread misleading and dangerous information.

^{Emanuel Maiberg (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-06-30 13:33:16

Companies Are Making Claude and Codex Talk Like Cavemen to Stop AI’s Soaring Costs

Companies are deliberately making their AI tools speak like cavemen in an attempt to stop burning through AI tokens and curb their massive expenditure on AI, 404 Media has found. The tool turns the usually verbose outpost of LLMs like Claude Code, Codex, or Gemini into a much more to the point answer. Think less “you’re right to push back, I was wrong,” and more “Hulk smash.”

Use of the caveman plugin is in direct response to the skyrocketing and unpredictable cost of AI. As 404 Media previously reported, companies are scrambling to stop spending so much on AI, with consulting giant Accenture finding much of the “soaring token spend” is thanks to people using AI to convert PDFs to presentations. People using caveman include developers at OpenAI, Nvidia, and GitHub, according to the tool’s creator. A senior OpenAI employee has even contributed code to the project, adding support for OpenAI’s Codex tool.

💡
Do you know anything else about token spend inside companies? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

Companies Are Making Claude and Codex Talk Like Cavemen to Stop AI’s Soaring Costs

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-06-29 19:33:49

Tidal Says It Won’t Pay Royalties for AI-Generated Music

Music streaming service Tidal announced it won’t pay royalties for AI-generated music in an email to users and an announcement on its website published Monday. “Tidal’s priority is ensuring royalties go to original works directly produced, written, and performed by people,” the announcement reads. “We will therefore not knowingly attribute royalties to music we identify as wholly AI-generated.”

Like much of the internet, music streaming services are awash in AI-generated slop. Spotify promised to fight AI spam with labeling and filtering but also embraced the broader trend of AI music. AI-generated bands like The Velvet Sundown and Breaking Rust have millions of listens on Spotify and make the service money. In May, Spotify announced a deal with Universal that would let fans create “covers and remixes of their favorite songs.”Soon Spotify customers will be able to push a button and discover what Metallica would sound like if it were a reggae band.
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
Tidal is trying something different. The streaming service isn’t a giant in the field — Apple Music, YouTube, and Spotify dominate the charts — but it’s built a reputation by collaborating with artists, giving them a bigger cut of the streaming profits, and focusing on delivering high quality versions of audio. Tidal is the streaming service for listeners obsessed with bit-rate and FLAC. It’s for people who have $200 digital-to-analog converters next to their computer.

The company said it won’t pay for “wholly” AI-generated music but it also said it won’t remove AI-tainted music from the platform entirely. Like Spotify before it, Tidal said it’s going to work to identify the AI slop on its platform, label it, and hold AI-generated music to a “higher standard of content integrity.” Spotify said something similar last year, but there are still plenty of unlabeled AI-generated tracks on the platform.

Tidal also said it won’t remove AI-tainted music entirely. “Artists should have the freedom to create with AI tools, and listeners should have the autonomy to choose the type of content they consume,” it said. As of this writing, The Velvet Sundown and Breaking Rust are both live on Tidal. Breaking Rust’s bio identified it as AI-generated country music, but The Velvet Sundown had no bio at all.

“Tidal will not allow music that is 100% AI-generated to be monetized. No royalties will go to such releases, nor will AI-generated uploads be eligible for direct-to-fan sales,” the company said in an email to its users.

It elaborated on its website. “Starting today, AI-generated music will not be monetizable,” it said. “We are only in the beginning of the era of AI-generated music. We acknowledge the ongoing debate regarding whether certain AI-generated music (e.g. AI-generated music developed from fairly and properly licensed models) should be entitled to earn royalties. This debate will continue as the technology advances and rightsholders and AI music platforms develop licensing models.”

It’s unclear if The Velvet Sundown and other bands like it will keep making money on Tidal. The company told 404 Media that it’s working with an external partner to manage detection and that “wholly AI-generated” was defined as a song where every component of the track was made using generative AI. “Our detection tools will determine how specific tracks and artists will be treated from July 15,” Tidal told 404 Media in an email. “The impact to royalties comes into effect starting July 15 so we don't have numbers to share just yet.”

On June 28, the day before Tidal’s announcement, The Velvet Sundown released a cover of Dolly Parton’s “I Will Always Love You” on Spotify and Tidal. It’s atrocious and it’s not labeled as AI-generated on either service.

“We exist to confuse music journalists, comfort robots, and help Spotify executives sleep at night,” says the frontpage of The Velvet Sundown’s website. “We were basically built for it, engineered to fill playlists, avoid royalties, and haunt your Discover Weekly like a ghost with good taste. Is it art? Is it a loophole? Either way, it streams beautifully."

Update 6/29/26: This story was updated to include comments from Tidal.

Metallijah

Playlist · Plamen Petkov · 6 items · 901 saves

^{Metallijah (Spotify)}

404 Media

2026-06-25 13:47:00

Bodycam Shows Moment Cops Arrested a Man for Speaking Too Long at Data Center Meeting

In February, police in Claremore, Oklahoma arrested farmer Darren Blanchard for speaking a little too long during a community meeting about data centers. The city charged Blanchard with criminal trespass, a crime with a $200 penalty, but he’s vowed to fight the charge. He recently shared video of the bodycam footage for the first time with 404 Media and answered our questions about the moment cops arrested him for going over his time at a February 17 community meeting of the Claremore City Council.

The plan in February was for the City Council to listen to the concerns citizens had about a planned data center called Project Mustang. The residents of Claremore don’t want the data center and largely feel like the construction project was approved without their input. City officials signed non-disclosure agreements on behalf of the project’s developers and haven’t been forthcoming with details about its construction.

0:00
/5:30
1×

Blanchard told 404 Media that his legal team filed a motion to dismiss the charge and requested the city’s attorney recuse himself as he was present at the city council meeting and witnessed the arrest.

“I continue to maintain that my arrest was retaliatory, as I was engaging in protected speech at a public meeting. These actions as well as the undue resulting responses by the City of Claremore should raise major concern,” Blanchard said. “For now, I am allowing the legal process to move forward at whatever pace that may be. I am confident the truth will eventually come out, and remain steadfast in that this charge should never have been brought in the first place.”
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
Blanchard said he has no criminal history and that his arrest has been overwhelming. “Even if my charges are dismissed and the arrest is deemed unlawful, the process I have endured is the penalty,” he said. “I went to a public meeting to speak about an issue affecting my community of Northeast Oklahoma [...] I ended up in handcuffs, jailed and later seeing that moment played and replayed nonstop on television and social media. That is not something you simply move past.”

He said that he’s glad his arrest has brought attention to the fight against data centers. Communities deserve transparency, due process and protection from being industrialized without meaningful public input. But personally, it has been traumatic,” he said. “What concerns me most is the chilling effect. If someone can be arrested after speaking at a public meeting, others may decide it is safer to stay quiet. That should trouble everyone, regardless of where they may stand on data centers, artificial intelligence, energy infrastructure or matters of economic development.”

Blanchard said he’s not shocked by the rise of anti-data center sentiment in America. “Across the country, people are beginning to recognize that these projects are not just abstract technology investments. They impact land, water, electricity rates, housing, agriculture and the overall character of our communities,” he said.

“A pattern is unfolding where these developers come in with promises of jobs and investment, public officials are swayed to move quickly, oftentimes incognito via nondisclosure agreements and the long-term costs are pushed onto residents who had little say in the process,” he said. “Whether it is rising utility bills, unsustainable demands on our water, transmission lines and the concern for eminent domain, nonsensical tax incentives or the loss of farmland and rural ways of life, people are asking a very basic question: who is this ultimately serving?”
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
Blanchard raised some of these issues during the February community meeting. In an attempt to accommodate the overwhelming number of people who wanted to speak, the City of Claremore established a hard and fast three minute time limit for people talking during public comments.

In the bodycam footage, Blanchard went a few seconds over that three minutes and two police officers swooped in.

“You need to leave,” one officer said.

“I’m done with the mic,” Blanchard said. He held up documents he brought with him. “Can I present my records?”

“Sir, you’ve been asked to leave,” the cop said. Blanchard walks to the front of the room, begins to give his documents to the city council and the officers follow.

“You can give them to Sarah and then let’s go,” one of the officers said. “You’ve been asked to leave.”

“This is a public meeting,” Blanchard said as he sorted through the documents.

“OK. You can give them to Sarah but you’ve been asked to leave,” the officer said.

“On what grounds?” Blanchard said.

“Right now,” the officer said.

“I said on what grounds?” Blanchard said.

“Arrest him,” an officer, identified from the police report as Sergeant Sanger, said. Then the two officers had Blanchard’s hands behind his back and in cuffs. The crowd booed and shouted.

“That’s a cowardly thing to do,” a woman shouted over the noise of the crowd as the officers escorted Blanchard out.

A man yelled, “So you can break the law but we can’t?”

Another woman rushed to one of the police officers, her phone out and filming. “This is ridiculous,” she said. “It’s ridiculous, people.”

The arrest hasn’t stopped Blanchard from speaking out. He’s appeared on local news outlets several times and is speaking out against the data center in public every chance he gets. “When utility bills rise, when land is taken or devalued, when public resources are committed and when tax breaks are handed out without real accountability, that functions as a de facto tax on the local citizenry. So the question becomes one of representation,” Blanchard told 404 Media. “Were the people truly heard, or were these decisions effectively made before the public ever entered the room?

He’s also confident he’ll prevail in the courts. “I still believe justice will be done, but again, the process itself has already become part of the punishment. That cannot be undone,” he said.

The Claremore Police Department did not respond to 404 Media’s request for a comment.

Proposed Claremore Data Center Project - Claremore

^{kaleigh@one80.us (Claremore)}

404 Media

2026-06-24 13:00:25

How Hackers Broke into Madison Square Garden

The hackers that stole a large cache of data from Madison Square Garden called a low level employee and tricked them into letting the hackers into MSG’s systems, according to the hackers and 404 Media’s review of the stolen data.

The breach highlights the risk of social engineering over voice calls, sometimes called ‘vishing’. Whereas phishing, where hackers social engineer someone over email or send them a fake login page, has been common for decades, vishing has only become prevalent more recently, especially as young and native English speaking hackers have become a serious cybersecurity threat.

💡
Do you know anything else about this hack or others? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

“Employee vishing on their Microsoft Entra,” a member of the hacking group behind the MSG breach, called ShinyHunters, told 404 Media when asked to explain how the group got in. Microsoft Entra is Microsoft’s identity management product, similar to Okta, which lets employees log into whatever tools or services they need to at work.

Last week 404 Media reported hackers had uploaded data stolen from MSG. A sample 404 Media reviewed at the time included files mentioning Knicks-related personalities, with fields such as “address,” “claim to fame,” and “cost of talent.” In some cases the data included a risk score for certain celebrities, with actor, director and Knicks fan Ben Stiller described as “Low Risk” and rapper Boogie with da Hoodie marked “High Risk.”

Since then 404 Media downloaded the full 45GB data dump and found the contents of a specific MSG employee’s OneDrive. It included work documents, photos, screenshots, and other attachments. A folder called “Personal,” contained the employee’s W-2 form, which included their name and other personal information. This indicated that the breach may have originated from this specific employee. 404 Media found a LinkedIn profile under the same name showing this person worked at MSG. 404 Media is not naming the employee for their privacy.

404 Media then asked a member of ShinyHunters how the group breached MSG. The member provided this employee’s name.

When 404 Media asked the ShinyHunters member to elaborate on how the group compromised MSG, they pointed to a May blog post from Microsoft, which they said was “about us.” That post described what Microsoft called a “methodical, sophisticated, and multi-layered attack.” It details another attack—the blog post was published May 18 and the ShinyHunters member said the MSG hack happened on June 5—but there are similarities.

The Microsoft blog post says hackers first targeted specific people to get their Microsoft Entra credentials. The hackers started the Self-Service Password Reset (SSPR) process, and then tricked users into completing the multifactor authentication prompts that appear legitimate, Microsoft said. “For example, the threat actor might impersonate an internal information technology (IT) support representative and contact the user claiming that their account requires urgent verification, instructing them to approve MFA prompts as part of a routine password reset procedure,” the blog post reads.

Once in, the hackers can then pivot onto other apps or systems where data may be stored. In MSG’s case, the dump includes data taken from a SharePoint instance, Microsoft’s sharing and collaboration platform.

The ShinyHunters member didn’t elaborate beyond the blog post, but told 404 Media: “​​We called the employee and had them do the SSPR process,” referring specifically to the MSG hack.

Law firm Morgan and Morgan has filed a class action lawsuit related to the breach, arguing MSG’s surveillance of visitors led to it. When asked if ShinyHunters targeted MSG because of the venue’s surveillance practices, the member said, “Yes we thought they would pay for that reason but they surprisingly did not.”

MSG did not respond to a request for comment.

404 Media reported this week the data dump contained a dossier on activists who had opposed MSG’s facial recognition program.

How Storm-2949 turned a compromised identity into a cloud-wide breach | Microsoft Security Blog

Storm-2949 turned stolen credentials into a cloud-wide breach, moving from identity compromise to large-scale data theft without using malware. This incident shows how threat actors can exploit trusted systems to operate undetected.

^{Microsoft Defender Security Research Team (Microsoft Security Blog)}

404 Media

2026-06-24 12:50:56

The Tokenpocalypse Is Here: Companies Are Scrambling To Stop Spending So Much on AI

Consulting giant Accenture is trying to figure out how to stop non-technical workers from blowing through companies’ AI token budget on trivial tasks like converting PDFs to presentation slides, according to leaked audio obtained by 404 Media. Across the industry Accenture is seeing “soaring token spend,” according to the audio.

The news highlights a major shift in the tech industry and other companies that use AI: the wave of uninhibited AI growth is over. Some AI providers like GitHub are now charging customers per token rather than a flat subscription fee, leading some companies to burn through their tokens. Uber recently capped employees’ use of AI tools like Claude Code and Cursor; that came after Uber told employees to use AI as much as possible and Uber’s CTO said the company had blown its entire AI budget in four months. And Accenture itself reportedly started requiring senior staff to start using AI or risk losing out on promotions.

It also undercuts the narrative that superpowered engineers generating mountains of code are behind the AI boom. In many cases it is non-technical staff burning through tokens for non-specialized tasks.

💡
Do you know anything else about token spend inside tech companies? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

“We’re seeing from some of the data internally at least that it’s actually not our engineers that are driving the token consumption. It’s a lot of the non-engineers that are doing some of those behaviors [...] you were talking about,” Justice Kwak, Accenture’s agentic AI strategy lead, said in a recent internal meeting, according to the audio obtained by 404 Media.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

The Tokenpocalypse Is Here: Companies Are Scrambling To Stop Spending So Much on AI

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-06-23 15:36:31

Wikipedia Cofounder Larry Sanger Banned From Site for ‘Canvassing’

Larry Sanger, one of Wikipedia’s cofounders, was banned from editing the site indefinitely after other editors determined he was canvassing, or in other words, calling on his followers off platform in order to influence Wikipedia’s content.

Sanger has spent more than a decade criticizing Wikipedia for what he claims is an ideological, left-wing bias on a variety of topics, and on X has framed this recent ban as further proof of everything that’s wrong with Wikipedia. The New York Post took that bait and last night published an article with the headline “Left-leaning Wikipedia blocked founder from editing site—after he campaigned to make it more balanced.”

Wikipedia editors obviously reject that framing and say that Sanger was banned for wielding his followers to sway discussion and decision making on Wikipedia. The discussion that led to the decision to ban Sanger concluded with what an editor called a “clear consensus” to ban Sanger.

“There is general agreement among participants that he has engaged in off-wiki canvassing and is not here to constructively build the encyclopedia,” the editor said in a note closing the discussion. “There is also a significant concern shared by many editors that his actions constitute calls for outing.”

While Sanger has been railing about bias on Wikipedia for years, the specific issue here is around his WikiProject Intellectual Diversity. WikiProjects are group efforts among Wikipedia volunteers to deal with certain issues on the site. For example, in 2024 I wrote about WikiProject AI Cleanup, a group of volunteers who focus on removing AI-generated content from the online encyclopedia. Sanger’s WikiProject Intellectual Diversity, as its name implies, aims to bring more intellectual diversity to the site, mostly meaning more right-leaning perspectives.

Sanger’s WikiProject Intellectual Diversity and its goals alone do not merit a ban according to Wikipedia’s policies. The problem, according to Wikipedia editors, is that during the discussion about whether to allow WikiProject Intellectual Diversity to become an official WikiProject, Sanger invited his 91,000 followers on X to influence that discussion.

“Wikipedians are now debating whether my proposed WikiProject Intellectual Diversity should be permitted to become an official WikiProject (club/group of editors),” Sanger said on X on Friday and linked to the Wikipedia talk page about the issue. “Lots opposed. Also lots in favor.”

“Can I still join the movement?” one person replied to Sanger on X.

“Let's just say that if I answer that question one way or another, the playground moms who rule Wikipedia might block me,” Sanger responded.

As one volunteer wrote in the discussion page about whether to ban Sanger:

“Since the return from his self-imposed exile pretty much all he has done is try to start a right-wing/conservative pressure group within Wikipedia not to improve articles on topics that may be under-represented or highlight high-quality sources that could be utilised more, but to instead attempt to rewrite policies and guidelines to his political bent while throwing baseless aspersions about the conduct of many users (mostly those in privileged positions such as admins) and alleging they're being funded by shadow money. Frankly if this was anyone else claiming all this with the way he is, we'd have shown them the door long ago.”

Ilyas Lebleu, another Wikipedia volunteer and admin, told me that they had warned Sanger about similar behavior two months ago, but that Sanger ignored them.

“Larry tried to frame the community discussion as a pseudo-legalistic process, bringing a list of ‘charges’ and ‘counts’ from ‘prosecutors,’ instead of an open community discussion,” Lebleu said.

Discussions about potential bans are supposed to remain open for at least 72 hours. While consensus that Sanger had violated Wikipedia policies was clear, Sanger was banned at some point before that deadline. He was then briefly unbanned, and then again indefinitely banned once 72 hours had elapsed and the discussion about the ban closed.

“Wikipedia has become more of a mob-rule anarchy than ever,” Sanger said in a statement sent to me by a spokesperson. “In the kangaroo court in which a mob ousted me, Wikipedia’s administrators showed that they don’t appear to value details like formal charges, a designated prosecutor, basic decorum, distinction between prosecution and judge, dispassionate adjudication, and so forth. They have no proper system other than triggering a mob to selectively enforce their hodgepodge of vague rules.”

“Now that same mob has blocked me for trying to bring an intellectually diverse group of thinkers and editors to the site,” Sanger continued. “Subscribing to their groupthink is now an official requirement of being a member in good standing. Something must change, and now. I only wonder if the system as it currently stands can even allow the discourse necessary to fix the system.”

Sanger’s claim that Wikipedia has a left-leaning bias isn’t unique or new. Elon Musk has railed against the site for years as well, an effort that culminated with the launch of his highly flawed, AI-generated Grokipedia. But the stakes for Wikipedia as a reliable source of information are higher than ever as every corner of the internet is struggling to deal with a flood of AI-generated, error-filled slop.

NFTU True Orthodox News and Apologetics (@NewsNFTU) on X

@lsanger Can I still join the movement?

^{NFTU True Orthodox News and Apologetics (X (formerly Twitter))}

404 Media

2026-06-23 13:20:50

Madison Square Garden Made Dossier on Activists Who Opposed Facial Recognition

Madison Square Garden compiled a list of activists who have publicly criticized the venue’s use of facial recognition technology, putting their tweets and comments into a document that was then accessible to other people inside the company, 404 Media has found.

The news shows that MSG, operated by Jim Dolan who has garnered a reputation for being pernicious against his perceived enemies, is not only deploying controversial facial recognition technology but keeping track of specific people who take issue with it. The document was included in a 45GB cache of data hackers stole from MSG and posted online this month, which 404 Media then downloaded and reviewed.

“The wake of a data breach would be a good time for Madison Square Garden to stop subjecting its patrons to biometric surveillance,” Adam Schwartz, privacy litigation director at the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), and one of the people included in the document, told 404 Media.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

Madison Square Garden Made Dossier on Activists Who Opposed Facial Recognition

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-06-22 15:24:09

'We Will Fight to Our Very Last Breath:' Township Leaders Vow to Fight Nuclear AI Data Center

Board members of a small township in Michigan agreed to “fight to our very last breath” against an AI data center planned in their community. America’s nuclear scientists and the University of Michigan want to build a massive data center in Ypsilanti Township, Michigan. If built, the data center will, among other things, run simulations to help America build nuclear weapons.

The residents of Ypsilanti Township overwhelmingly oppose the construction of the data center and voiced their opposition to the computer warehouse during a public board meeting on June 16. In a show of support that’s often rare from local leaders in communities with data centers, Ypsilanti Township’s board vowed to fight UofM and Los Alamos National Laboratory, which is partnering with the university, with everything they had.
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
Throughout most of the three hour board meeting, a photograph from a data center groundbreaking in nearby Saline Township was projected onto a wall behind the board. The photo showed a grinning Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer standing in line with Oracle CEO Clay Magouyrk. It was taken at the June 1 groundbreaking of an Oracle and OpenAI data center in nearby Saline Township, one of several Stargate projects. Saline Township is a community of only 2,300 people and the fight against the data center was so contentious that the Township treasurer resigned in tears during a public meeting in May.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Oracle (@oracle)

During the groundbreaking, a videographer caught Whitmer talking with Magouyrk. In the video Whitmer appeared to tell the billionaire, “We’re used to people saying no, and doing it anyway.” Whitmer’s office has officially denied she said that, but many of the residents of Michigan—including the people of Ypsilanti Township—believe she did.

Governor Whitmer had a hot mic moment at the Saline Data Center groundbreaking, where she tells Oracle CEO Clay Magouyrk, “We’re used to people saying f*ck no, and doing it anyway.” I’m old enough to remember when she doxxed Marshall constituents who opposed her BlueOval project. pic.twitter.com/PRFnjGY5l9
— Heather Dow (@PatriotPostGirl) June 8, 2026

Cilla Cresswell shot the video of Whitmer and was present at the Ypsilanti Township board meeting on Tuesday. “On June 1 I was standing just to the left, right there,” Creswell said, referring to the photo that loomed behind the board during the meeting. “I was there. I recorded that clip [… ] I was right there. And they want to say it’s fake, but I just want to let you guys know it’s real. You can play it on my camera.”

Members of the board and the community referenced the photograph often during the meeting. “You have people in that photograph worth billions of dollars. Not just millions, we’re talking trillions. Soon to be trillionaires. Yet this state, in its zeal to become the data capital of the country, has extended unprecedented tax credits to the richest corporations in the world,” Douglas Winters, a lawyer representing Ypsilanti Township, said in the meeting.

“Having to stare at this picture during this meeting has my blood boiling,” said Ypsi resident Laura Witowski. “I did not realize how emotional I would be. The waste of space. The complete lack of regard for humans and animals and for what?”
youtube.com/embed/Nwb7_HeJTE4?…
During the hours of community comments, residents stepped forward to voice complaints that have now become common about data centers in America. The people of Ypsilanti Township worried about the rising cost of electricity, how much water the building will use, and how noisy the data center would be once finished.

They also called on the Township board to do everything in their power to stop it from even being built. “Put yourselves on the line. Those people will listen to you better than they will listen to us. Please put yourselves, your jobs, and your comfort on the line to stop this for us,” Ypsi resident Jane Wolf said. “Get creative. Tear up the road. Block the road. Break the law. Do whatever you need to do for us. You will be remembered better in history for the job that you did if you can get creative and really put yourselves out there.”

Jill Warren, the wife of a Methodist pastor, suggested residents brush up on the OSS’ Simple Sabotage Field Manual. “Simply slow things down bureaucratically," she said. “Make sure we block where we can. Use very slow agendas and response times and do, within your power, the work that you are entitled to do. For those who aren’t familiar with it, please look up the Simple Sabotage Field Manual and use it in your own lives of action as well [...] they may not care about us, but we care about us and we’re here and we’ll continue to be here and support the work that you’re doing on our behalf.”

Alyssa, an Ypsilanti resident, cited long passages from John Hershey’s Hiroshima—a 1946 book that focused on the victims of the first atomic bombing. “We don’t need simulations to know what a nuclear strike looks like,” she said. “We have pictures, videos, and audio of what happens. We know what it does to bodies. We know what it does to children and what it does to life.”

0:00
/1:11
1×

Board supervisor Brend Stumbo vowed to fight. “This is going to harm our community in our future. We will fight to our very last breath, but we need help. And we need it from the people who have the power to stop things,” she said.

Stumbo explained that, early on, she and other members of the board were ignorant about data centers and that she was grateful to the Township’s residents for informing her. “Now we know and we’re thankful for the residents and non-residents that came to our meetings early and told us, ‘don’t trust UofM,’” she said. “We do not love nor do we appreciate what the board or regents is doing to our community. It needs to stop. And everyone that showed up here today, we greatly appreciate it and we will keep going, like everyone has said, by doing it together […] I will stand with you. I will fight with you. And I know this entire board and our Township attorney will as well. So let’s keep doing it together.”

The Township has, so far, made good on its word and it’s been creative in its opposition. In April, the board voted to institute a 365 day moratorium on supplying water to data centers so it could conduct a scientific study into how hyper scale data centers might affect the community water supply. In response, UofM threatened to sue and claimed that withholding water from an AI data center meant to power nuclear weapons research was unlawful discrimination.

Heather Dow (@PatriotPostGirl) on X

^{Heather Dow (X (formerly Twitter))}

404 Media

2026-06-22 14:00:24

Are Public Libraries Becoming Children’s Libraries?

This story was reported with support from the MuckRock foundation.

Earlier this year, an Alaskan assembly member found himself in hot water for introducing a resolution that would have prohibited the Matanuska-Susitna Borough Public Library System from making books and other media available to anyone if deemed “harmful to minors” by the borough manager.

The proposal wasn’t well received. Public records obtained from the Borough Clerk’s Office and shared with 404 Media show that the proposal was wildly unpopular. In emails to assembly members, constituents implored the resolution's sponsor Michael Bowles to withdraw it, calling it an “audacious and idiotic” attempt at destruction by way of “bureaucratic nightmare.” One constituent likened it to a proposal to “make all libraries children's libraries.” Another said its adoption could result in countless other books being removed that “are not sexual in nature” but which may contain “passing references to sex or adult themes.”

A week went by before Bowles withdrew the request, seemingly to recalibrate. The Mat-Su Sentinel reported in May that the assembly member introduced and again withdrew a resolution that would have forced the system to pull the book Let’s Talk About It: The Teen’s Guide to Sex, Relationships, and Being a Human from shelves. This teen book has been in the adult section of Mat-Su’s borough-run libraries since 2023 when it was relocated from the teen section following a challenge.

404 Media has obtained records from dozens of public libraries, which include Requests for Reconsideration of Materials forms (RFRs) and official decision letters to challengers, along with draft versions of updated collection development policies. Much has been written in the last five years about the blatant efforts to suppress access to books that could contain any remotely challenging ideas or that deviate even slightly from cis white heterodoxy, but there’s been little talk about what that means from the rest of us. What my reporting confirms is that there are more books intended for children and young adults in adult sections because challengers didn’t believe it was appropriate for children and young adults to read about people of color and/or people who are queer, trans, or both, while also showing that a large-scale reorganization of public library collections is currently underway, that its application varies by state and locality, and that it’s been very hard to measure because it’s totally chaotic.

Records obtained from one South Carolina public library system show that between June 2024 and August 2025, more than two dozen young adult books were relocated to the library’s adult section. Before that, the system had already resectioned more than two dozen other YA titles. The ACLU sued Greenville County Public Library System in 2025 for its board-adopted policies from 2024.

Most letters from the library’s executive director didn’t include any reason for the relocation. However, more recent letters reference the library’s updated collection development policy.

One frequently challenged title caught up in the mix at this library was The Hate U Give a YA book published in 2017 about a teenager who has to witness her friend—an unarmed Black man—be murdered by a police officer during a traffic stop. In 2024 at the Greenville County Public Library System, the book was challenged and retained before, in 2025, the book was again challenged and relocated to the library’s adult section. What happened in between these two events, the library’s board adopted policies making this and other books easier to remove.

The majority of U.S. anti-library laws introduced from 2022 to now have largely focused on school libraries. Only a few states have laws that affect municipal and county public libraries, and so far, most of these efforts have either failed to pass or were struck down by governors. That’s not to say state governments haven’t found other ways to do censorship. As of now, at least two states have mechanisms tying public library funding to content restrictions. One of them happens to be South Carolina, which has a legislative requirement that threatens to strike the system from its budget unless the system certifies with the State Librarian that they don’t keep books in the children, youth or teen sections that could be of "prurient interest” to a 17 year old. A more aggressive version of state library-agency rulemaking comes from Alabama.

In 2024, the Alabama Public Library Service (APLS) amended its administrative code to withhold funding to public libraries that don’t do enough to restrict minors’ access to “sexually explicit” or otherwise “inappropriate” material, and has only continued to broaden its scope since. APLS has since gone on to broaden the criteria for what is “sexually explicit” before adding a provision to treat content dealing with the “concept of more than two biological genders” as inappropriate for youth sections.

Tuscaloosa Public Library released records to 404 Media in response to a public records request that included tracked edits to the library’s 2025 collection development policy—initially based on a 2022 version—to meet APLS funding requirements. These changes appear to have been accepted. A line about the library welcoming community feedback on collection development, which an editor appeared to question, was also retained.

The motives behind these changes to collection policies and funding incentives raise serious questions about who public libraries are for in America. William Rodick, who researches representation and culturally responsive teaching in Pre-K and primary education for the nonprofit EdTrust, says the mass relocation of diverse books from developmentally appropriate sections of public libraries into adult sections is a form of “intellectual condescension,” or the idea that young people aren’t capable of dealing with hard topics through literature.

“That becomes manifest by removing opportunities for demonstrating honesty for students,” Rodick told 404 Media.

Rodick says that students already have disproportionate access to spaces outside of classrooms where students can access reading materials. Regardless of where they’re getting their books, students of color and students who are LGBTQ+ aren’t presented in the majority of the books they do have access to—much less so now than just a few years ago.

“And when they are presented, quite often those representations are stereotypes through really negative portrayals that are certainly not going to use the kind of motivation students need to engage with reading,” Rodick said. “The fear that I have is that at some point, we are going to see even greater disparity in outcomes than we already do for literary rates because of perpetual inaccess to quality materials.”

Literacy rates have been trending downward for young people for a while. When the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) released its Nation’s Report Card assessment in early 2025, it caused a stir, because one of the major takeaways was that more than 60 percent of fourth graders don’t read proficiently. Another was that the gap between the country’s strongest and weakest readers is widening because the lows are getting lower. Meanwhile, in 2020, about half of Americans between the ages of 16 and 74 were found to have low literacy skills.

Nadja Young is chief brand officer with MetaMetrics, the company that developed the widely-adopted Lexile Reading Framework because it measures both reader ability and text complexity to match readers with books that are appropriately challenging. She says the focus for upper grades in high school is really about vocabulary in contexts that are authentic.

"Reading whole books absolutely helps to build that stamina," Young told 404 Media.

Yet shrinking attention spans and fast-moving curricula are pushing schools toward teaching excerpts over whole books, to the point that college instructors observe that students are finding an expectation to finish a whole book for a college course novel. For The New Yorker this month, Becca Rothfeld literally wrote an essay about the immaturity of modern American books, likening them to “the literary equivalents of the social-media profiles that teen-agers (and adults who have never quite outgrown teen-age tics) compulsively check and update.”

There are, of course, other factors to weigh when making widesweeping generalizations about literacy rates in adults. Young notes that adults with dyslexia, neurodivergence, and English language learners have historically and continue to have difficulty finding books they can parse that also honor their maturity and intellect. Lexile only measures a text’s complexity, not the content or themes a book contains. And yet, books are being relocated based on content or theme. Whether text complexity is an afterthought or conflated with content or theme is only something the most prolific censors can know.

"I don't think we could take the stance that it's going to bring the population up or down because as long as these books are still in the library somewhere, people can find them and the librarians can help direct them," Young added.

Tasslyn Magnusson, an independent researcher and consultant with organizations like PEN America and EveryLibrary was an early chronicler of the current rise of modern-day book banning. She says book relocation in public libraries is really just a roundabout way of eliminating diverse representation from children’s literature entirely.

“We may end up with collections that have weird pockets of literature in them, but I think the more likely scenario is the books won’t circulate,” Magnusson told 404 Media.

When library books don’t circulate, they’re more likely to get weeded so the library can circulate new titles based on their collection policies. Collection policies, however, are being rewritten across the country to eliminate intellectual freedom and privacy for minors by targeting titles that can fit into a broad category called “sexually explicit,” which is synonymous with “harmful to minors.” This, Magnusson says, prompts publishers to argue that books with same-sex couples, transgender protagonists and people of color encountering racism, brutality—even genocide—don’t sell, because libraries are getting rid of them.

Where the hypothesis holds up, Magnusson said, is that a young person’s constitutional right to access information is dependent on where they live and whether the adults in their lives recognize them as having free will or not. For adult sections of libraries, a disproportionate number of young adults will need some form of parental permission to check out books that deal with sensitive subjects that, like it or not, teens deal with.

Unfortunately, the modern-day parental rights movement is predicated on a belief that children are the property of their parents, and therefore parents, “should be able to do anything they want to them,” including restricting their right to read and explore their interests to their fullest potential. Instead, Magnusson says, adults are blocking children from accessing developmentally appropriate material in instances that deal with sensitive subject matter. She takes YA books that grapple with hard topics, like suicide and child sexual abuse as examples, as these are issues censors frequently cite in RFRs for why a book should be relocated.

The illusion of control is obviously not working and will have devastating consequences for the rest of us, which people do not want and vehemently reject. This means the answer likely lies somewhere between meeting your kids where they’re at, even when where they’re at bears no resemblance to the Devil You Know. Which is scary and sucks, but that’s also what parenting is, and which a lot of parents don’t seem to get.

“We talk about parents’ rights, but what we really need is parent remedial education,” Magnusson added.

Part One: Elan School: The Worst 'Troubled Teen' Facility - Behind the Bastards | iHeart

Robert is joined by Miles Gray to discuss The Elan School.FOOTNOTES: https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/02/style/skeletons-in-the-classroom.html https://www.darkdowneast.com/episodes/elanschool https://www.courant.

^{Behind the Bastards (iHeart)}

404 Media

2026-06-18 14:22:58

If AI Is Sentient Then So Is ‘Age of Empires II’

In a viral essay about how ludicrous the idea that LLMs are conscious is, science fiction writer Ted Chiang asked us to consider Microsoft Word:

“Being open to the possibility that LLMs are conscious is the same as being open to the possibility that Microsoft Word is conscious, or, more precisely, that multiple distinct consciousnesses are dormant in every Word document containing a conversational transcript, and that they are awakened every time the document is loaded,” Chiang wrote. “Should you consider the possibility that every time you open a Word document, you are bringing multiple conscious interlocutors into existence, and every time you close one, you snuff their existence out? No. Contemplating that scenario is not a good use of your time.”

Let me tell you about a Microsoft AI researcher, then, who recently spent quite a lot of time considering whether the legendary Microsoft real time strategy game Age of Empires II is conscious, and built a basic neural network within the video game using digital goats to prove his point.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

If AI Is Sentient Then So Is ‘Age of Empires II’

^{Matthew Gault (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-06-18 13:23:17

Salesforce’s Internal AI Leaderboard Has Teams Competing for Little Trophies

Salesforce has an internal dashboard which tracks each team’s use of AI, including which teams are using specific tools such as ChatGPT and how much, with the company also handing out digital badges that describe its employees as a “Champion,” “Innovator,” and “Legend” depending on the AI training courses they’ve completed, according to screenshots seen by 404 Media. A leaderboard includes an option to view which teams haven’t yet earned the badges, saying, “click to see who 👀,” with employees concerned that use of AI is going to be tied to their performance reviews.

The leaderboard shows only around a third of all employees have completed the lowest level course. The dashboards also show that use of Salesforce’s own agentic AI product, called Agentforce, has dramatically decreased across many teams, falling as much as 65 percent recently.

💡
Do you work at a company with an AI leaderboard? Do you work at another Big Tech company? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

News of the leaderboard comes as Salesforce has attempted a huge pivot to AI, laid off thousands of employees as part of that, and its stock is down more than 20 percent this year. As 404 Media has reported, other tech companies have similar leaderboards, including Amazon which shut down its own after employees cheated to climb its ranks, sometimes to score better on performance reviews.

“People at the company [definitely] pay attention to it,” a current Salesforce employee told 404 Media, referring to the AI leaderboard. “There hasn't been much transparency around the actual expectations for employees in terms of what keeps us off the radar and therefore still employed, but we are all aware that AI usage already is or will soon be tied to performance ratings.” 404 Media gave the source anonymity as they weren’t permitted to speak to the press.

The badges employees can earn start with employees being able to explain agentic AI, up to building advanced customizations, according to a page on Salesforce’s website. Champions can “Confidently explain Agentforce concepts and business impact”; Innovators “Implement Agentforce solutions to drive measurable business outcomes”; and Legends “Understand advanced concepts and design complex strategies.”

Technically anyone, even those outside Salesforce, can earn these badges. The leaderboard tracks people inside the company, though. According to the leaderboard, around 30 percent of all employees have earned the Champion status this year, followed by just over 15 percent for the Innovator badge, and under 10 percent with the Legend status.
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
The leaderboard is sorted by executive, with the teams underneath them contributing to the leaderboard, the employee said. It shows President and Chief Engineering and Customer Success Officer Srinivas Tallapragaca at the top of the Champion leaderboard, for example. Followed by President and Chief Strategy Officer David Schmaier and President and COFO Robin Washington. President & CEO of Government Cloud at Salesforce Kendall Collins leads both the Innovator and the Legend leaderboards.

“Execs are pushing everyone hard to use AI tools. If we get a new tool, we are told to start using it. Generally, everyone is supposed to be using AI daily and is supposed to be using all the AI tools made available for their role,” the Salesforce employee said.

One part of the dashboards viewed by 404 Media shows that use of Agentforce, Salesforce’s own platform for building AI agents, is down dramatically across various teams. Various teams all dropped use of the tool by more than 60 percent, and sometimes 70 percent. Slackbot, the AI agent in Slack, which Salesforce owns, use is much higher though, according to the screenshots. ChatGPT is also more popular with many teams than, say, Gemini, according to the screenshots.

404 Media agreed to speak with a Salesforce spokesperson on background because they said they would also provide an on the record statement. In the background call, the Salesforce spokesperson said the boards are not set up to encourage competition nor are they related to performance. All employees have until this summer to earn the badges. At the end of the call, the spokesperson said the company won’t actually provide a statement.

In February 2025, Salesforce laid off more than 1,000 people while it hired salespeople for AI, Bloomberg reported at the time. Then earlier this month, Salesforce laid off employees working, ironically, on the company’s Agentforce AI product, as well as its Mulesoft IT integration tool and its Marketing Cloud software, Business Insider reported.

Salesforce lays off employees in a new round of cuts

The SaaS giant has been hit by concern that AI could replace some traditional software services.

^{Ashley Stewart (Business Insider)}

404 Media

2026-06-17 14:03:51

ICE Appears to Be Buying Immigrants’ Tax Identifiers from a Data Broker

Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) appears to be purchasing records related to immigrants’ tax identifiers from a data broker, potentially skirting a court order that banned ICE from sourcing such information, according to Senator Ron Wyden and government procurement records reviewed by 404 Media.

The contract, worth nearly $10 million, is related to ITINs, or Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers, which is the identifier many undocumented people use to file their taxes rather than a Social Security number (SSN).

“It looks for all the world like Trump is trying to skirt the law and a court order to fuel his mass-deportation campaign,” Senator Wyden told 404 Media in an emailed statement after reviewing the procurement records. “A court has already struck down an agreement between the IRS and Homeland Security to illegally share ITINs and other personal information. A contract to buy that same information from private data brokers is a clear end-around both taxpayer privacy laws and a court order.”

💡
Do you know anything else about this contract? Do you work at a company handling ITINs? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

The contract, signed on June 5 with Thundercut Technology LLC, is for “ITIN data subscription and analytics for HSI agents in fraud investigations.” It is not clear what exact data is part of this subscription—be that names and addresses of people who have ITINs, or just the ITINs themselves—but ITINs are an important identifier that the IRS gives to undocumented and other people who cannot get a SSN. Undocumented people pay tens of billions of dollars in taxes.

‘Fraud’ has been a common justification for ICE’s activity during the Trump administration’s mass deportation campaign. Part of ICE’s and other parts of the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) large scale operation through Minnesota last year was to investigate claims of fraud among Somalian immigrants. Nearly 90 percent of HSI, encompassing more than 6,000 officials, have been reassigned from the subagency’s normal responsibilities, like investigating money laundering or child abuse, to immigration enforcement, according to data obtained by the Cato Institute.

Screenshots of the procurement record.

The contract is for $9,968,353.56. Thundercat is an established vendor and often resells other companies’ technology or surveillance tech to the U.S. Thundercat did not respond to a request for comment, and it is not clear which company Thundercat may be reselling a product from in this instance.

Over the last year or so ICE has been trying to get access to data held by the IRS on undocumented people. The two agencies originally came to an agreement in April 2025, in which the IRS would give ICE taxpayer identification numbers and last known addresses on more than 1.2 million people, Politico reported. In November a judge temporarily blocked that data sharing, saying the practice was “unlawful,” NBC News reported. In February, a second judge blocked it again, saying the arrangement may “significantly raise the risk of misidentification of taxpayers,” FedScoop reported.
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
A report from the Taxpayer Inspector General for Tax Administration found that the IRS failed to consistently and accurately match taxpayer information with ICE’s own records, Politico reported this month. The IRS admitted it inappropriately shared information with ICE, the report added.

ICE and other parts of DHS have repeatedly purchased access to data rather than collecting it themselves or sourcing it via a search warrant or similar legal mechanism. Both ICE and Customs and Border Protection (CBP) have purchased smartphone location data. 404 Media previously reported ICE purchased access to a tool called Webloc that lets the agency monitor phones in entire neighborhoods. ICE previously bought access to phone, water, electricity, and other utility data before that data selling stopped. This practice of buying data rather than sourcing it with a court order is sometimes referred to as the data broker loophole.

“The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau was on the verge of closing this loophole before Trump killed the agency and blocked that new rule from going into effect. The next administration should close that loophole for good,” Senator Wyden’s statement added.

DHS acknowledged a request for comment more than a week ago but ultimately did not provide a statement.

Federal judge blocks ICE from using IRS taxpayer data in enforcement

It’s the second ruling in favor of plaintiffs against the IRS-ICE data-sharing agreement, this one citing the “high potential for misidentification” and improper agency rulemaking.

^{Matt Bracken (FedScoop)}

404 Media

2026-06-16 14:00:38

Hackers Publish Knicks and Madison Square Garden Data Online

Hackers have published data stolen from Madison Square Garden online for anyone to download, including what they say is customers’ personal information. A sample reviewed by 404 Media includes files mentioning specific sports teams, and specifically Knicks-related personalities, with fields such as “address,” “claim to fame,” “cost of talent,” and sometimes contact information for them or their representatives.

“It’s very simple. When you pay us, your data is deleted, and you move on with your life. When you don’t pay us, you get posted here, among other things,” a popup on the hackers’ website reads. The group publishing the data is ShinyHunters, which has been responsible for an array of breaches over the years.

The data dump comes just days after the Knicks won the NBA Finals in five games against the Spurs. Although the breach likely happened before that—a spokesperson for the hacking group said the hack was on June 5—the Knicks’ victory has put a huge amount of attention on them and MSG.

💡
Do you know anything else about this breach? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

ShinyHunters published the MSG data on Tuesday. The full file download is nearly 45GB. A spokesperson of the group sent 404 Media a smaller sample of the data. One file includes what appear to be emails sent by customers to MSG and sometimes MSG’s response. One email is a man complaining about potentially being flagged by MSG’s facial recognition systems (MSG owner Jim Dolan has long spied on people inside his arenas, with MSG deploying various surveillance technologies, WIRED reported.)

The sample included a file with “Talent” in the filename, then a long list of high profile people in the sports world. It includes family members of MSG executives, former New York Knicks players and head coaches, and celebrities.

Ben Stiller, a huge Knicks fan and who was at MSG for the Knicks’ recent NBA finals games, is also included in the file. The contact information is an email address for Red Hour Films, the production company Stiller runs.

The file lists Stiller as “Low Risk,” although it's not clear from the file itself what that means. Only one person in the file is listed as “High Risk”: rapper A Boogie wit da Hoodie.

MSG did not immediately respond to a request for comment. The ShinyHunters website indicates MSG did not pay a demanded ransom.

In March MSG confirmed it had suffered a data breach which targeted users of Oracle’s E-Business Suite. In that hacking campaign, the Cl0p ransomware group was responsible, SecurityWeek reported. Those hackers named MSG specifically as a victim in November 2025, the report added.

Madison Square Garden Data Breach Confirmed Months After Hacker Attack

The company is one of the many victims of the 2025 Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS) hacking campaign.

^{Eduard Kovacs (SecurityWeek)}

404 Media

2026-06-16 13:00:49

Hackers Are Hijacking Entire Roblox Games Now

Hackers have long targeted Roblox accounts to steal a player’s valuable items, which can sometimes be worth many tens of thousands of very real dollars. But that wasn’t enough for some. Now, hackers are taking over Roblox developer accounts and stealing ownership of entire video games and digital worlds.

Multiple Roblox developers—that is, people who make games for others to play on the Roblox platform, and sometimes make their livelihood doing so—told 404 Media about this happening to them. In multiple cases, the developers said Roblox support did not help them get their games back until 404 Media contacted Roblox for comment.

Ioannis Matziaris said his two 20-year-old sons spent five years building a game called “The Shadow Network” with more than 12,000 members. In April, someone approached Christos, one of the sons, with a job offer and convinced him to run a particular file. It was actually malware.

“Within hours, they had taken ownership of our entire Roblox group, transferred our main game to a new group they created, and stolen our Robux,” Matziaris said. He said the family contacted Roblox support and filed a DMCA takedown request with Roblox and got no response.

💡
Do you know anything else about hacking on Roblox? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

“This isn't just beaming,” Matziaris said, referring to when hackers “beam” or hack a victim to steal their items. “This is an organized group that steals games, republishes them, and recruits unsuspecting developers to build on stolen work.”

Roblox is much more than a game to many people; it is a business. While Roblox the company maintains the Roblox platform itself, essentially anyone can make a game built on top of it. Some of these games go massively viral, like Grow a Garden, which isn’t just a massively popular Roblox game but a huge video game in its own right. In turn, developers of these games monetize their creations with in-game transactions. Some Roblox developers make millions of dollars and open dedicated studios.

It’s not entirely clear what the hackers planned to do with the games, be that just steal the Robux or try to monetize their popularity. But you can see why a hacker might want to commandeer a game for themselves. Matziaris said that after the hack, Roblox denied the family’s claim over the game because “there is no indication that group ownership was transferred due to your account being compromised.”

When 404 Media contacted Roblox for comment, the company changed its stance. “We were troubled to hear of this specific incident and have restored the game to its owner,” the company said in a statement. Roblox added it has “several safety mechanisms in place, includingEnhanced Protection, the most secure version of 2-step verification, which is designed to eliminate ‘point-of-authentication’ attacks like phishing and credential stuffing.Account Session Protection is also enabled by default for all users and helps secure web sessions by binding them to a specific device. Unfortunately none of these methods can completely eliminate the risk of account theft, particularly when bad actors convince users to run malicious software on their own devices or execute untrusted code. We continue to work on new ways to prevent these occurrences and actively encourage users to follow security best practices, including not clicking on links or downloading anything from unknown senders.”
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
Matziaris’s family is not the only person impacted. Mohamed Kaparoza, another developer, told 404 Media he was hacked “after I was contacted through Discord by individuals claiming they wanted to hire me as a project manager for their game. During the conversation, they asked me to install a Python package called ‘robase,’ which they described as part of their database/project tools.”

“Shortly after installing it, I was logged out of my Roblox account on both my PC and Phone. I also noticed my Discord account was compromised around the same time. Afterwards, my 2-step verification and passkey were changed without my permission, and my game/group were transferred to another user. I never received any notification about a login from a new location or device before this happened,” he added. Kaparoza said Roblox has not returned his game.

Jovan Rai, another developer, said they were also offered a project manager role and asked to run a file. Ironically, this time the attackers presented themselves as Cheesy Studios and working on the game The Shadow Network, which belongs to the Matziaris brothers. The hackers stole ownership of Rai’s group, called Overcoding Overseers.

“The game was generating ~10,000 Robux daily, had reached 1,100 concurrent users, and was my primary, only source of income. I am a minor, a 15-year-old Canadian who made this game independently,” Rai said.

Rai told 404 Media he had been “fighting” Roblox support for more than 30 days. Roblox only restored his game after 404 Media contacted Roblox for comment.

When 404 Media relayed details of Kaparoza and Rai’s cases, Roblox said in a statement “The Roblox support team investigates all claims and restores ownership if they can validate it.”

Top Independent Roblox Game Developers Now Average Over $30 Million a Year

Roblox has released its latest Economic Impact Report, and the results show just how massive the platform’s creator economy has become. The headline figure is staggering: the top 10 Roblox game developers earned an average of $33.9 million in 2024.

^{GamerBlurb Team (GamerBlurb)}

404 Media

2026-06-15 14:53:19

Judge Rules Blacked.com Can Sue Meta for Scraping Its Porn

A federal judge has rejected Meta’s attempt to dismiss a lawsuit from Strike 3 Holdings, the company that owns popular sites like Blacked, Vixen, and Tushy, for scraping its porn videos.

The decision shows Meta’s nonsensical justification for scraping massive amounts of copyrighted material from the internet in order to train its AI models, and is notable for adult content creators, who have been scraped for model training data long before the current generative AI boom.

Strike 3 Holding first filed its lawsuit almost a year ago after internal Meta emails revealed in a different lawsuit showed that the company downloaded over 81 terabytes of data by scraping Anna’s Archive, a massive open search search engine for torrenting copyrighted material including books, movies, TV shows, and porn. A Strike 3 Holding investigation found that 47 IP addresses belonging to Meta were used to torrent 2,396 of its videos a total of 6,008 times between 2018 and 2025. On Thursday, Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California Judge Eumi K. Lee rejected Meta’s attempt to dismiss the lawsuit, allowing it to move forward.

Meta argued that Strike 3 Holdings failed to show that Meta actually intended to use Strike 3 Holdings’ videos to train its AI models and that Meta, the company, was actually responsible for downloading the videos, as opposed to rogue employees downloading porn on company time from company IP addresses.

According to the judge’s ruling, Strike 3 Holdings’ investigation showed coordination across Meta’s IP addresses that proved “a coordinated effort to gather data,” as opposed to the action of random employees. Specifically, Strike 3 Holdings showed that Meta’s IP addresses torrented files with similar file names on the same day, ranging from porn to cartoons and sitcoms, suggesting the company was downloading files based on key terms.

“For example, IP Ranges A and F torrented the following files on December 15, 2022: ‘Teen Sex Sessions 2 (2012),’ ‘Teen Titans Go to the Movies (2018),’ ‘Teens Love Tats XXX,’ ‘TeensLoveAnal.16.09.30.Amara,’ ‘Teenfidelity Pics,’ ‘TeensLoveAnal.16.06.10.Casey,’ ‘Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987-1996),’ ‘Teen Mom Girls Night In S02E08,’ ‘TeenyTaboo.22.12.07.Kiana,’ and ‘TeenageDelinquents.Maryjane,’” the decision says. “On the same day, a Corporate IP Address was used to torrent ‘TeenCurves.22.12.09.Willow.’ The connection between these files is plain: The word ‘teen’ appears in every file name.”

The judge said that Meta suggesting that its IP addresses downloading all these files at the same time was the work of different individual Meta employees acting independently “strains credulity.”

The judge also explained that whether Meta actually used Strike 3 Holdings’ videos to train its AI models is irrelevant because Meta violated Strike 3 Holdings’s copyright when it torrented its videos. It illegally downloaded the files and also “seeded” them, meaning they distributed the pirated to other users.

“In sum, Plaintiffs [Strike 3 Holdings] have plausibly alleged that Defendant [Meta] is liable for direct, vicarious, and contributory copyright infringement based on the torrenting of their films,” the decision said. “Defendant’s motion to dismiss is therefore DENIED.”

“Torrenting from a corporate laptop doesn’t feel right”: Meta emails unsealed

Meta's alleged torrenting and seeding of pirated books complicates copyright case.

^{Ashley Belanger (Ars Technica)}

404 Media

2026-06-11 18:59:11

Software Update Automatically Turns off Amazon Delivery Drivers’ AC During Dangerous Summer Heat

A software update to some Amazon delivery vehicles is automatically turning off the air conditioning after a few seconds if the driver is not in their seat, according to multiple Amazon delivery drivers who are complaining about the update online.

According to Amazon delivery drivers, the new update is for the Amazon EDV (electric delivery vehicle), the custom-built Rivian van. Delivery drivers say that this update automatically turns off the air conditioning in the van if the driver is not in the vehicle for more than 30 seconds. Drivers are complaining about the update as the start of the summer season, which can be particularly difficult and dangerous for delivery drivers.

“As many of you are aware, the EDVs just got a software update where if you are out of your seat for 30 seconds with the side door open, the AC switches off,” one Amazon delivery driver said in an online forum for drivers. “We all hate this obviously.”

When reached for comment an Amazon spokesperson said that the premise of my questions to the company was inaccurate, but conceded that the van will turn off the AC after 30 seconds under certain conditions that are commonplace during Amazon delivery shifts.

“Rivian recently released a software update for Electric Delivery Vehicles that actually extends climate control for drivers,” the Amazon spokesperson said. “As a result, the AC now runs for up to 10 minutes after a driver exits the vehicle, ensuring a cool cabin when they return. The timer resets at every stop. The AC only shuts off if the driver sliding door is left open for more than 30 seconds — a battery conservation measure.”

Amazon delivery drivers discussing the update online say that they are getting in and out of the van so frequently, and are spending most of their time out of the van delivering packages, that the update makes it harder to keep the van cool.

“Thing is we are up and about waaaay longer than we are driving so the ac turns off and when it turns on again we are already getting up before im the air is even cold,” one driver said. “It effectively made the ac not work and those vans get hot as fuuuck.”

"Every Amazon-branded vehicle is air-conditioned—a feature that exceeds the industry standard—and if the air-conditioning isn’t working in a vehicle, that vehicle is taken out of service immediately," the Amazon spokesperson said. "They also have cooling seats for drivers. This update was intentionally timed ahead of summer to improve driver comfort during the hottest months of the year. Driver safety and comfort in extreme temperatures remains a priority. If drivers have questions about this change, they should touch base with the DSP they work for - as details about this change were shared with them."

Older delivery trucks may not have air conditioning or have air conditioning that breaks often. Delivery drivers for UPS, who are represented by the Teamsters union, negotiated a heat safety agreement with the company in 2023. Amazon has publicly outlined its strategy for keeping all its workers, including delivery drivers, safe during the heat, including using an app to ask drivers to take 10-minute break from the heat by resting in a cool place and drinking water, but Amazon delivery drivers are managed by a nationwide network of subcontractors who drivers say don’t always maintain those standards.

As you’ve probably seen in your own neighborhood, delivery drivers will often park their vans wherever they can and deliver packages to multiple addresses on the same block. Amazon automatically turning off the air conditioning while they are out of the van delivering packages means the van can get hot again by the time they get back. As Amazon delivery drivers have to make frequent stops, it’s not hard to imagine why drivers would complain about Amazon automatically shutting down the AC, which makes it more difficult to cool down between stops.

Amazon continues to help employees and delivery drivers beat the heat this summer

Industry-leading preventative measures, best-in-class technology, air-conditioning, engagement, and plenty of rest time help keep employees and drivers safe.

^{Sarah Rhoads, Amazon VP Global Workplace Health & Safety (Amazon News)}

404 Media

2026-06-11 15:21:26

Flock Leaked Cops’ License Plate Searches via DuckDuckGo, Bing

Automatic license plate reader (ALPR) company Flock exposed the reasons cops conducted searches, and sometimes the specific searched license plates, in common search engines like DuckDuckGo and Bing, according to tests by privacy advocates and 404 Media and a statement from the company.

The news marks an unusual data breach, and shows that sometimes surveillance technology can leak data in unexpected ways. 404 Media previously reported that Flock exposed the live feeds of some of its cameras.

In May the NoCo Privacy Coalition, an activist organization focused on Northern Colorado, shared with 404 Media multiple search engine results that appeared to expose some data related to Flock searches.

💡
Do you know anything else about Flock? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

This post is for subscribers only

Become a member to get access to all content
Subscribe now

Flock Leaked Cops’ License Plate Searches via DuckDuckGo, Bing

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}

404 Media

2026-06-09 15:11:17

FCC Wants to Kill Burner Phones By Forcing Telecoms to Get All Customers’ IDs

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) wants to make it effectively impossible for people to buy what many call burner phones—a phone not explicitly linked to your identity at the point of purchase—which would impact privacy-conscious people, to domestic abuse survivors, to journalists, and many more. The FCC plans to do this by legally forcing the country’s telecoms to store a wealth of personal information about essentially all phone customers, including a government issued identification number and their physical address, alarming privacy advocates and civil rights activists who compare the measures to those from authoritarian countries where it can be difficult to buy a mobile phone plan without giving up your identity.

The proposed change would drastically shake up how people obtain phone plans in the U.S., and have all sorts of privacy and cybersecurity knock-on effects. The FCC is proposing the data collection partly as a way to combat scammers, with telecoms being required to collect other information on business and foreign customers like the intended use case of their bulk phone plan purchase and their IP address. But the changes would mean telecoms collect data on all new and renewing customers, and the FCC provides a long list of other things that the collected data could help authorities with.

💡
Do you know anything else about this proposed change? I would love to hear from you. Using a non-work device, you can message me securely on Signal at joseph.404 or send me an email at joseph@404media.co.

“For decades, civil libertarians have looked overseas at authoritarian countries where the government requires people to register to get a mobile phone to ensure they can be tracked. We never thought that would happen here,” Jay Stanley, senior policy analyst at the American Civil Liberties Union’s (ACLU) Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project told 404 Media in an email. “But make no mistake: with this rulemaking, the government is contemplating taking away people’s ability to get a burner phone, which will hurt low-income people, domestic violence victims, and anyone else who cares about their privacy.”

In a synopsis of the proposed changes, the FCC writes, “Specifically, we seek comment on requiring originating providers to, at a minimum, obtain and retain the name, physical address, government issued identification number, and an alternate telephone number of any new and renewing customer before granting access to its services.” The goal of collecting this data, the FCC writes, is to deter some scammers from getting onto a telecom network in the first place, and so “enforcers will be better able to identify the scammers when they do.” The FCC compares the changes to the sort of data collected by banks to prevent money laundering.

One section stresses that the newly collected data would help “law enforcement to more easily identify callers that use the network to perpetuate crimes by ensuring that voice providers have accurate and complete customer information.” It goes on to ask if the data would help identify people buying and selling illicit goods; the investigation of “fraud, espionage, or influence operations that undermine national security”, and “address abuse in text messaging networks.”
playlist.megaphone.fm?p=TBIEA2…
“Criminals continue to leverage the anonymity provided by phone calls and texts to defraud Americans and exploit communications networks to further other crimes,” one section reads.

At the moment, the FCC is seeking comments about its proposed changes, with interested or concerned parties—think telecom companies, law enforcement, or privacy advocates—able to weigh in. But the intention of the FCC is clear: the agency wants telecoms to be legally obligated to collect much more personally identifying information on new and returning customers, linking them directly to their phone number and phone usage data. The FCC also asks whether the amount of data collected should change depending on whether a customer is seeking a prepaid or a postpaid service plan.

Multiple privacy and technology experts strongly pushed back against the proposed changes. “This proposal by the FCC will do little to combat scams and robocalls, since most people doing that will have no trouble creating fake documentation or identities,” Cooper Quintin, security researcher and senior public interest technologist with the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), told 404 Media. “Given this administration’s crackdown on free expression, protest, immigrants, and women’s health we have trouble seeing this as a bold attack on freedom of communication. They want to take away our ability to make an anonymous phone call.”

Eric Null, the director of the Privacy & Data Project at the Center for Democracy & Technology, told 404 Media in an emailed statement “To address the scourge of illegal robocalls, the FCC has unfortunately proposed to force every wireless subscriber in the nation to sacrifice their privacy and give up significant personal details before receiving or renewing a wireless line. While some carriers already collect such details, there are specific circumstances where a person may need privacy and anonymity when seeking a cell phone, including if that person is a victim of domestic violence, or is a journalist or whistleblower. This proposal represents a loss of privacy across the board, and from an agency whose remit includes protecting privacy. The FCC might let a few bad apples spoil the whole bunch.”

Cape is a privacy-focused telecom company that limits the amount of data it collects on its customers. John Doyle, the company’s CEO, told 404 Media in an emailed statement “We hate robocalls and support eliminating them, but entrusting telecom carriers to effectively create a nationwide ID registry for every American with a phone is not the solution. Mobile carriers have been breached time and again because the incentives to secure trillions of dollars of legacy architecture aren’t there. Further enriching compromised telecom datasets with government ID, physical addresses, and alternate phone numbers harms our security rather than improving it.”

Given this proposal is in the comments stage, the FCC has many questions it is hoping to receive information on, such as whether “renewing” customers should be only those new to the provider, or those switching plans with their current telecom; or whether they should not allow the use of P.O. boxes or shared office locations as the required “physical address.”

The FCC did not respond to 404 Media’s request for comment. The proposal is open to comments until June 25.

I Don't Own a Cellphone. Can This Privacy-Focused Network Change That?

A small tech company called Cape has been selling a privacy-focused cellphone service to the U.S. military. Now Cape will be offering its product to high-risk members of the public.

^{Joseph Cox (404 Media)}