In data odierna il CERT-AGID ha avuto evidenza di scansioni pubbliche mirate a individuare host vulnerabili. Attualmente, su una lista di 18K host, risultano oltre 70 domini italiani potenzialmente vulnerabili tra cui alcuni di Pubbliche Amministrazioni, istituti bancari, agenzie assicurative e organizzazioni private. Le Pubbliche Amministrazioni coinvolte sono state puntualmente informate dal CERT-AGID affinché possano intraprendere con urgenza le azioni di mitigazione necessarie.

L’emergenza relativa alla vulnerabilità CVE-2025-5777, battezzata con nome “CitrixBleed 2” per la sua somiglianza con la nota CVE-2023-4966, già sfruttata in passato per attacchi di ampia portata, non rappresenta una novità improvvisa.

La vulnerabilità, riscontrata in Citrix NetScaler ADC e NetScaler Gateway, è stata resa nota e corretta da Citrix a inizio giugno 2025, ma ha recentemente attirato maggiore attenzione a seguito del rilascio di un Proof-of-Concept (PoC) pubblico e delle prime segnalazioni di sfruttamento attivo in-the-wild.

Il ritardo nell’applicazione delle patch da parte di molte organizzazioni, incluse numerose Pubbliche Amministrazioni, ha aumentato in modo significativo il rischio di attacchi, soprattutto ora che è disponibile un PoC funzionante e sono stati confermati tentativi di sfruttamento.

Modalità di sfruttamento

Il difetto nasce da una validazione insufficiente degli input, che permette a un attaccante remoto non autenticato di inviare richieste appositamente costruite che consentono di ottenere risposte contenenti parti di memoria non inizializzate o sensibili. Nello specifico, l’attacco può essere portato a termine con i seguenti step.

• L’attaccante invia una richiesta HTTP POST manipolata all’endpoint di login del Gateway.
• La richiesta include solo il parametro login senza valore né simbolo “=” (es. login al posto di login=username).
• Un difetto di inizializzazione nel backend fa sì che il server risponda con una struttura XML contenente il tag , che può esporre dati di memoria non inizializzata.
• L’utilizzo del formato %.*s per stampare la variabile in questione fa sì che il contenuto venga restituito fino al primo byte nullo. Tuttavia, richieste ripetute possono rivelare segmenti di memoria aggiuntivi.

Esempio di richiesta che sfrutta la vulnerabilità

POST /login HTTP/1.1
Host: [citrix-gateway-target]
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 5
login

Impatti potenziali

Se sfruttata, la vulnerabilità consente ad attori non autenticati di:

• accedere a token di autenticazione direttamente dalla memoria del dispositivo;
• bypassare l’autenticazione a più fattori (MFA);
• dirottare sessioni utente attive;
• ottenere accesso non autorizzato a sistemi critici.

Le conseguenze possono includere violazioni di dati, attacchi ransomware o interruzioni operative.

Azioni di mitigazione

• Applicare le patch per tutte le versioni supportate e/o aggiornare immediatamente le versioni EOL.
• Dopo l’aggiornamento, terminare tutte le sessioni attive per prevenire accessi non autorizzati tramite sessioni compromesse.
• Monitorare i log per attività sospette, in particolare accessi anomali o provenienti da IP non riconosciuti.

L'articolo 70 Domini italiani di PA, Banche e Assicurazioni affetti da CitrixBleed2! Patchare immediatamente proviene da il blog della sicurezza informatica.

If you have any empathy at all for those of us in the journalistic profession, have some pity for the poor editor at the Chicago Sun-Times, who let through an AI-generated summer reading list made up of novels which didn’t exist. The fake works all had real authors and thus looked plausible, thus we expect that librarians and booksellers throughout the paper’s distribution area were left scratching their heads as to why they’re not in the catalogue.

Here at Hackaday we’re refreshingly meat-based, so with a guarantee of no machine involvement, we’d like to present our own summer reading list. They’re none of them new works but we think you’ll find them as entertaining, informative, or downright useful as we did when we read them. What are you reading this summer?

Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman!

Richard P. Feynman was a Nobel-prize-winning American physicist whose career stretched from the nuclear weapons lab at Los Alamos in the 1940s to the report on the Challenger shuttle disaster in the 1980s, along the way working at the boundaries of quantum physics. He was also something of a character, and that side of him comes through in this book based on a series of taped interviews he gave.

We follow him from his childhood when he convinced his friends he could see into the future by picking up their favourite show from a distant station that broadcast it at an earlier time, to Los Alamos where he confuses security guards by escaping through a hole in the fence, and breaks into his colleagues’ safes. I first read this book thirty years ago, and every time I read it again I still find it witty and interesting. A definite on the Hackaday reading list!

Back Into The Storm

A lot of us are fascinated by the world of 1980s retrocomputers, and here at Hackaday we’re fortunate to have among our colleagues a number of people who were there as it happened, and who made significant contributions to the era.

Among them is Bil Herd, whose account of his time working at Jack Tramiel’s Commodore from the early to mid 1980s capture much more than just the technology involved. It’s at the same time an an insider’s view of a famous manufacturer and a tale redolent with the frenetic excesses of that moment in computing history. The trade shows and red-eye flights, the shonky prototypes demonstrated to the world, and the many might-have-been machines which were killed by the company’s dismal marketing are all recounted with a survivor’s eye, and really give a feeling for the time. We reviewed it in 2021, and it’s still very readable today.

The Cuckoo’s Egg

In the mid 1980s, Cliff Stoll was a junior academic working as a university sysadmin, whose job was maintaining the system that charged for access to their timesharing system. Chasing a minor discrepancy in this financial system led him to discover an unauthorised user, which in turn led him down a rabbit-hole of computer detective work chasing an international blackhat that’s worthy of James Bond.

This book is one of the more famous break-out novels about the world of hacking, and is readable because of its combination of story telling and the wildly diverse worlds in which it takes place. From the hippyish halls of learning to three letter agencies, where he gets into trouble for using a TOP SECRET stamp, it will command your attention from cover to cover. We reviewed it back in 2017 and it was already a couple of decades old then, but it’s a book which doesn’t age.

The Code Book

Here’s another older book, this time Simon Singh’s popular mathematics hit, The Code Book. It’s a history of cryptography from Roman and medieval cyphers to the quantum computer, and where its value lies is in providing comprehensible explanations of how each one works.

Few of us need to know the inner workings of RSA or the Vigniere square in our everyday lives, but we live in a world underpinned by encryption. This book provides a very readable introduction, and much more than a mere bluffers guide, to help you navigate it.

The above are just a small selection of light summer reading that we’ve been entertained by over the years, and we hope that you will enjoy them. But you will have your own selections too, would you care to share them with us?

Header image: Sheila Sund, CC BY 2.0.

hackaday.com/2025/07/07/the-ha…

Cable harness design is a critical yet often overlooked aspect of electronics design, just as essential as PCB design. While numerous software options exist for PCB design, cable harness design tools are far less common, making innovative solutions like Splice CAD particularly exciting. We’re excited to share this new tool submitted by Splice CAD.

Splice CAD is a browser-based tool for designing cable assemblies. It allows users to create custom connectors and cables while providing access to a growing library of predefined components. The intuitive node editor enables users to drag and connect connector pins to cable wires and other pinned connectors. Those familiar with wire harnesses know the complexity of capturing all necessary details, so having a tool that consolidates these properties is incredibly powerful.

Among the wire harness tools we’ve featured, Splice CAD stands out as the most feature-rich to date. Users can define custom connectors with minimal details, such as the number of pins, or include comprehensive information like photos and datasheets. Additionally, by entering a manufacturer’s part number, the tool automatically retrieves relevant data from various distributor websites. The cable definition tool is equally robust, enabling users to specify even the most obscure cables.

Once connectors, cables, and connections are defined, users can export their designs in multiple formats, including SVG or PDF for layouts, and CSV for a detailed bill of materials. Designs can also be shared via a read-only link on the Splice CAD website, allowing others to view the harness and its associated details. For those unsure if the tool meets their needs, Splice CAD offers full functionality without requiring an account, though signing in (which is free) is necessary to save or export designs. The tool also includes a version control system, ideal for tracking design changes over time. Explore our other cable harness articles for more tips and tricks on building intricate wire assemblies.

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