I struggled quite a while to install HomeAssistant on the new Truenas Scale Incus system because there are no good guides for it. So here is one.

::: spoiler 💾 STEP 1: Create a ZVOL

I gave mine 50GB. Minimum needed is 32GB.

Scroll down and save.
:::

::: spoiler 🛜 STEP 2: Create a network bridge

This step can be skipped if you already have a bridge with DHCP enabled.

I struggled a bit with this and eventually did it on the physical Truenas PC instead of the web interface because trying to enable DHCP kept crashing my webUI and resetting the connection. This is probably the worst documented part of this tutorial and you might need to look this up elsewhere. Make your default ethernet connection part of this bridge.

:::

::: spoiler 🔻 STEP 3: Write HomeAssistant image to Zvol

*Optionally: change link in upcoming bash command with latest KVM (.qcow2) from home-assistant.io/installation…

Open shell

Download the VM image in the shell and unzip it:

cd /tmp
wget https://github.com/home-assistant/operating-system/releases/download/15.2/haos_ova-15.2.qcow2.xz
unxz haos_ova-15.2.qcow2.xz

sudo qemu-img convert -p -O raw haos_ova-15.2.qcow2 /dev/zvol/NAS/HomeAssistant

::: spoiler 📁 STEP 4: Import the ZVOL to Incus

• In TrueNAS UI: Instances → Configuration
• Enable Instances
• Set Default Pool: (pool where zvol was saved. NAS for me.)
• Network Interface: Automatic (bridged) or your LAN bridge
• Save
• In top right click Create Instance
• Name "HomeAssistant" (Or what you want to name it)
• Virtualization method: click VM instead of container
• Upload ISO -> select Volume
• Popup menu: Import Zvols
• Browse the file tree and find your ZVOL. Select 'move' option. Then click Import.
• Now "select volume" popup should have the volume selectable. Select it.

:::

::: spoiler 🎌 STEP 5: Finish the VM settings and run it

• CPU configuration: 2 or 3 (or however many cores you want to give the VM)
• Memory size: 4GB (Min1GB. Can be set lower or higher. Can always be adjusted later)
• Root disk size: Same as volume size the ZVOL had (50GB for me)
• scroll down, Network: untick default network. Select the 'Bridged NIC' option.
• USB devices: If you have a Zigbee stick or HA Skyconnect, tick it.
• Create.

After a few minutes you should be able to find the HomeAssistant VM in your router's dhcp list. Go to that IP but write :8123 at the end. For me it is 192.168.0.150:8123.

If it doesn't show up, consider checking the serial console button of the VM and see if it has any output after restarting it. It can take around 15 seconds for text to show up.

:::

I bought a Lenovo laptop, one from the the bargain bin, 11th gen Intel and 8gb soldered RAM

Even if I reinstalled Windows to make sure all the bloatware was removed, it was almost unusable. At boot I was left with only 800mb free memory, and "Lenovo vantage" kept reappearing automatically like malware. (It's a useless electron app that wastes half a gig of ram to show you on screen when you press caps lock, check driver updates and try to upsell you on extended warranty)

At idle the machine was as loud as a jet, with crystal disk mark always complaining "the nvme drive is over 65°C!!" (I'm guessing from the constant swapping)

Battery life was a disaster, 2 hours at idle with no foreground apps open

I thought that it was the CPU too slow for my use and the RAM not enough, so I was planning to spend some hundreds of euro to buy a new laptop with at least 16gb of RAM.

Then I installed cachyos and because I'm masochist I chose hyprland at the "easy" install screen that asks you which of the 19 available DE you prefer.

After a week of suffering trying to understand all the text configuration files for everything (it was a shock, everything needs the terminal) I'm now getting used to it and... It's like I got a brand new laptop??!?

Memory: clean boot now obviously is reversed situation. I don't have only 800mb of free RAM, the whole system uses only 800mb

Temperatures: by default cachyos is set to show the CPU temperature on waybar, and it's always around 40-45° C. The fan is way quieter. At idle they can even stop, before they were like a hair dryer even after a clean boot

Battery life: astounding. I can't believe that I can use it for a whole afternoon. Accidentally fell asleep and when I came back after two hours it lost only 10% (on idle, screen turn off automatically)

Gaming performance: tried only with casual games but with something like tinytopia I get 60fps on ultra when on windows it was choppy on high

https://peoplesdispatch.org/2025/07/04/israel-has-killed-or-imprisoned-directors-of-all-north-gaza-hospitals/

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Russia’s war against Ukraine

Smoke billows above the city’s buildings following mass Russian drone and missile strikes in the western Ukrainian city of Lviv on July 12, 2025. (Yuriy Dyachyshyn / AFP via Getty Images)

2 killed, 38 injured as Russia launches missile, drone attacks striking Ukrainian cities far from front line. Russia continued its attacks on western Ukrainian cities overnight on July 12, striking communities far from the front line with drone swarms and missile attacks for the third straight night.

Germany-funded long-range weapons to arrive in Ukraine by late July, general says. German Major General Christian Freuding confirmed that the weapons systems’ initial deliveries are expected by the end of July. The arms will be supplied in a “high triple-digit quantity,” he said.

Trump considering sending new funds to Ukraine for first time since taking office, CBS News reports. The funds could come from the $3.85 billion remaining in Presidential Drawdown Authority from the Biden administration or from frozen Russian assets, current and former U.S. officials said.

Zelensky signals major cabinet reshuffle, calls for defense reforms. Zelensky said Ukraine “requires more positive momentum in relations with the United States, alongside new steps in managing the nation’s defense sector.”

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‘Impeccable results’ — New Skynex video shows Ukrainian forces destroying Russian drones with German gun. Filmed in an undisclosed location at an unspecified time, the video published on July 12 shows Ukrainian soldiers shooting down multiple Russian targets with a German-made Skynex air defense system.

‘Cut off the head’ — Ukrainian intelligence accuses ‘Putin’s favorite’ brigade of another war crime. “Cut off the head, impale it on a pike, throw it the f**k away,” says the voice attributed by HUR to a company commander from Russia’s infamous 155th Marine Brigade. The intelligence agency said the order, intercepted on July 10, concerned a Ukrainian prisoner of war (POW).

Ukraine destroys Russian drone unit after Kherson infant killed, child ‘should never have been a target,’ governor says. “Dmytro should never have been a target. I thank our soldiers for their just retribution. No occupier who brought death and destruction to our land will escape punishment,” Kherson Oblast Governor Oleksandr Prokudin said.

Ukrainian doctors transplant organs of deceased girl amid Russian strikes, saving 3 children. “This is a story about humanity, the incredible power of a parent’s decision, and the chance for life even in the most difficult times,” the hospital said in a statement.

Read our exclusives

Analysis: Russia is stepping up attacks. Allies are stepping back. What happens to Ukraine next?

Short of a massive injection of military aid, or crushing sanctions on Moscow, there’s little that Trump could announce that could help Ukraine bring Russia’s full-scale invasion to a swift end on terms favorable to Kyiv.

Photo: Drew Angerer, Saul Loeb, Alexander Nemenov/AFP via Getty Image

Learn more

Ukraine’s top anti-corruption activist faces charges that his team calls political vendetta

Vitaliy Shabunin, the chair of the Anti-Corruption Action Center’s executive board and member of the Armed Forces, was charged with evading military service and fraud — an accusation his team rejects.

Photo: Evgen Kotenko/ Ukrinform/Future Publishing via Getty Images

Learn more

Ukrainians grapple with how to memorialize a war still being fought

While the improvised memorial reflects a public need to honor those killed in the war, designing a permanent monument for a conflict with no clear end presents a unique challenge for urban planners and designers.

Photo: Roman Pilipey/AFP via Getty Images

Learn more

Human cost of Russia’s war

At least 13 killed, 46 injured in Russian attacks across Ukraine over past day. Russia launched 623 aerial weapons overnight, including 339 Shahed-type drones, various decoy UAVs, and 26 Kh-101 cruise missiles, the Air Force said.

Hungarian foreign fighter killed in Ukraine fighting against Russia, media reports. Benjamin Aser, originally from Hungary, was previously a contracted soldier in the Hungarian Defense Forces.

General Staff: Russia has lost 1,032,690 troops in Ukraine since Feb. 24, 2022. The number includes 1,070 casualties Russian forces suffered just over the past day.

International response

Slovakia seeks EU guarantees on Russian gas phase-out ahead of sanctions deal, Reuters report. While Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico said the sanctions package itself is not objectionable, his government has blocked the proposal over concerns about a separate EU plan to fully phase out Russian gas imports by 2028.

Polish president-elect urges Ukraine to allow full exhumations of Volyn massacre victims, despite resumed work. Speaking at a ceremony in Chelm marking the 82nd anniversary of the 1943-44 Volyn massacres, Polish President-elect Karol Nawrocki said the victims “do not cry out for revenge, but for a cross, a grave, and memory,” and urged Ukraine to authorize further work across multiple sites.

Former Wagner fighter seeks asylum in Finland after fleeing across Russian border, media reports. The man, identified only as Yevgeny, reportedly served in a Wagner assault unit and fought in eastern Ukraine, including in Bakhmut and around Selydove.

French army chief says Russia sees France as ‘main enemy in Europe’ due to Ukraine support. The head of the French army, General Thierry Burkhard, attributed Russia’s view of Paris as a primary adversary largely to France’s unwavering support for Ukraine since Russia’s full-scale invasion.

Russia blames Western sanctions for collapse of UN food deal. A day earlier, the U.N. announced that the three-year agreement would end on July 22. The deal “will not be renewed” because of disagreements, a source close to the discussions told the AFP.

Russia’s Lavrov cautions West on North Korea security pact. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov accused the U.S., South Korea, and Japan of military buildups around North Korea. “We warn against exploiting these ties to build alliances directed against anyone, including North Korea and, of course, Russia.”

In other news

Putin backs ‘zero enrichment’ in new Iran nuclear deal, sources tell Axios. Russia’s position, conveyed to both U.S. President Donald Trump and Iranian officials, marks a notable shift given Russia’s historical public advocacy for Iran’s right to enrich.

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L’altro giorno mi è venuta l’idea pazza che più pazza non si può etc etc… solito andazzo. Ma, per quanto l’andazzo sia sempre lo stesso del cazzo, il risultato delle mie macchinazioni è anche stavolta originale, e la primissima versione utilizzabile di esso è già in produzione da ieri sera. Occhi aperti sul nuovissimo gnammifico […]

octospacc.altervista.org/2025/…

minioctt

2025-07-13 09:11:20

Pignio pignatico si rende superpignastico per pignare cose e cosine

L’altro giorno mi è venuta l’idea pazza che più pazza non si può etc etc… solito andazzo. Ma, per quanto l’andazzo sia sempre lo stesso del cazzo, il risultato delle mie macchinazioni è anche stavolta originale, e la primissima versione utilizzabile di esso è già in produzione da ieri sera. Occhi aperti sul nuovissimo gnammifico pezzo di software che è Pignio.octt.eu.org!!! (Che per poco non rischiava di chiamarsi Octterest…) 💣💫💥

Questo coso spunta fuori dal fatto che, negli ultimi tempi, stava uscendo sempre più la necessità per me di avere un merdino per salvare ed organizzare elementi come link singoli o file multimediali, anche e soprattutto al volo, e potenzialmente renderli accessibili al pubblico… non so: memini, reference, cose da stampare, forse roba PDF file, tutto sotto il mio controllo a prova di sparizione. Ovviamente, una cartella con varie sottocartelle (magari sincronizzata su una repo Git pubblica), che in altri casi sarebbe l’opzione più ovvia, nel complesso qui non va bene, perché l’agilità va a farsi benedire… ma, io sono pur sempre una ragazza magica, dunque non devo accontentarmi delle soluzioni esistenti!!! 😍

In effetti, di software specializzati per salvare cose ce ne sono a bizzeffe… ne hosto io stessa da anni uno per link e articoli dal web, Shiori… però, non so, manca in tutti quella cosa in più per questo caso d’uso… Tra cui, il fatto che è bello facile a salvare elementi singoli dentro tutti quei robi, ma se io ipoteticamente (…e praticamente) avessi cartelle già piene di roba sul PC, che stracavolo dovrei fare? Quindi, beh, semplicemente ho progettato Pignio per operare direttamente sul file system, pescando e salvando sia file che metadati da e su file nella cartella del server, e ho fuso insieme quei due universi che mai devono toccarsi, rispettivamente della banalità informatica e dell’alta informatica… in altre parole, è flat-file, e sono negativamente stupita del fatto che non esista alcun altro software lato server per questo scopo qui ma con questa caratteristica. 🤥

Ora è davvero nelle fasi iniziali, e funziona bene… bisognerà vedere poi quanto regge, soprattutto con decine o centinaia di migliaia di file multimediali da trovare sul disco, con altrettanti file INI messi affianco da cui vengono letti i metadati (e quanto sarà l’overhead sul disco avendo tutti questi file da poche centinaia di byte ciascuno), ma la struttura del file system (per gli elementi creati dalla app stessa, identificati da un ID Snowflake, non i file tirati da fuori) penso di averla architettata bene. Sarà davvero la prova definitiva per l’architettura flat-file, se davvero finisco per riempire il sistema con questo passo… ma, in compenso, una repo Git sarà perfetta per fare il backup di tali questi miei preziosi dati (cosiddetto “mio tessoro“), non avendo blob di database. 🤤

Lo stile dell’interfaccia, e a breve anche il sistema di raggruppamento di elementi in collezioni, vabbé, l’ho copiato spudoratamente da Pinterest, e mi sembra ben ovvio… ma, differenza di Pinterest, Pignio ha vantaggi molto tosti… in primis è mio, quindi posso sistemarlo per non avere tutti i bug di merda (Pinterest ne ha infiniti!), poi è self-hostabile, quindi i dati sono già sempre fisicamente in mano a me; e, in più, funziona senza JavaScript, e quindi anche su browser vecchi (pur se con un layout mezzo rotto su quelli, per via del framework che ho usato, UIKit)… figurarsi se io trascuravo proprio una cosa del genere. 😤

Il lavoro da fare è ancora tantino però (e te pareva), perché, a parte le collezioni, ci sono cose solo da sistemare. Cose piccole, come l’importazione automatica di elementi da feed RSS esterni (…ed implementare i feed della roba dalla app stessa)… ma poi anche cose grosse ma assolutamente necessarie, come avere un OCR automatico sulle immagini, o più in generale il riconoscimento dei contenuti per fare tagging automatico, così da ottimizzare la ricerca e potenzialmente avere un algoritmo di suggerimento utile in un’istanza con più utenti. A proposito… ancora non ho nemmeno finito di implementare i permessi per gli utenti, quindi non posso invitare ancora nessuno a provare la mia istanza… però, ho reso pubblico il codice già da ieri (nonostante inizialmente pensavo di aspettare un po’, perché potrei cambiare alcune cose della struttura dati… ma francamente non freca): gitlab.com/octospacc/Pignio. GODETE!!! 😈😳

#Dev #FlatFile #media #Pignio #Pinterest #selfhost #sviluppo #webapp #webdev

octt / Pignio · GitLab

GitLab.com

^GitLab

Source.

• All analyzed dating apps collect your location, name, phone number, photos or videos, user and device IDs, purchase history, and sensitive information such as racial or ethnic data, sexual orientation, pregnancy or childbirth information, disability status, religious or philosophical beliefs, political opinions, genetic information, and biometric data. The most data-hungry dating app is Grindr, which collects 24 data types, followed by Bumble (22), Plenty of Fish (18), Tinder (16), Hinge (15), and Headero (9).
• Dating apps not only collect extensive personal and sensitive information but may also combine this data with information from third parties to enable targeted advertising. Additionally, data collected from your app about you or your device can be shared with data brokers, further increasing your exposure and the risk of your information being used in unexpected ways. This practice is known as ‘tracking’. While all analyzed dating apps (except Headero) collect data for tracking purposes, Bumble is the leader, collecting four data points in total: email address, location, device ID, and advertising data.
• We conducted a survey in the US, asking people about their use of various phone apps, including Bumble. Only 6% of respondents said they currently have Bumble installed on their phone, while 16% reported using it in the past but no longer do. Among those who have tried the app, usage is most popular among the 25–34 age group (32%), followed by 35–44 (28%), 18–24 (21%), and those aged 45+ (19%). Additionally, 60% of current or past Bumble users are male, and 40% are female. The majority of Bumble users, 68%, reside in big cities — while 20% live in small towns and 11% in rural areas. This suggests that while Bumble is aggressive in data collection and tracking, its actual reach remains relatively focused on younger, urban, and male demographics.
• Besides potentially exposing your personal data when using dating apps, there is also a risk of interacting with fake profiles. It is estimated that around 10% of profiles are fake. To put this in perspective, Tinder has about 75 million monthly active users, which amounts to 7.5 million fake profiles. This means there is a very high probability of encountering a fake profile at some point when using dating apps. These profiles are often created with the intent to deceive, scam, or manipulate others, which could lead to financial loss or emotional harm.
• Despite being the most data-hungry dating app and its past controversy over allowing users to filter matches by ethnicity⁵, Grindr is the highest-rated app in the Apple App Store, with a rating of 4.5 out of 5. Other analyzed dating apps are rated between 3.7 and 4.4. Grindr collects more data types than its competitors, including users’ names, email addresses, phone numbers, precise locations, sensitive information, email and text messages, search histories, and 17 additional data types. Nonetheless, Grindr’s high user rating shows that many still value the app’s experience over its data collection practices.
• Headero, the least popular app among those analyzed, recently had a data leak that exposed 352,081 user records, 3,032,001 chat records, and 1,096,904 chat room records. That seems like a lot, considering it has only 100K downloads in the Play Store. While Headero collects just nine data types, it still experienced a large-scale data breach, showing that users should be careful not to share too much information with any dating app and be mindful of conversations in the app, as they may not be as private as you would expect.

crosspostato da: poliversity.it/users/macfranc/…

Il problema delle patate - Una storiella nata in Francia e raccontata da Lucio Russo nel suo "Segmenti e bastoncini" per esemplificare il tracollo della prparazione matematica negli studenti della scuola

@scuola

Per mostrare un esempio del dibattito sul deterioramento dell'insegnamento scientifico, diffuso in termini analoghi in tutto il mondo occidentale, riportiamo la storiella del "problema delle patate", che, nata in Francia, è stata riproposta recentemente in Spagna. [Nota. Il "problema delle patate", ripreso da una rivista spagnola, è stato riproposto in traduzione italiana da Ana Millàn Gasca nel numero marzo-giugno 1996 di "Lettera matematica". Ho abbreviato leggermente il testo. Fine nota.] Si tratta della descrizione delle successive modifiche di un semplice problema di aritmetica.

1960.

Un contadino vende un sacco di patate per 1000 pesetas. Le sue spese di produzione sono i 4/5 del prezzo di vendita. Qual è il suo guadagno?

1970 (insegnamento "tradizionale").

Un contadino vende un sacco di patate per 1000 pesetas. Le sue spese di produzione sono i 4/5 del prezzo di vendita, e cioè 800 pesetas. Qual è il suo guadagno?

1970 (insegnamento "moderno").

Un contadino scambia un insieme P di patate con un insieme M di monete. La cardinalità dell'insieme M è uguale a 1000 e ogni elemento di M vale una peseta. Disegna 1000 grossi punti che rappresentino gli elementi dell'insieme M. L'insieme S delle spese di produzione è un sottoinsieme di M ed è formato da 200 grossi punti in meno di quello dell'insieme M. Rappresenta l'insieme S e rispondi alla domanda seguente: qual è la cardinalità dell'insieme G che rappresenta il guadagno? Disegna G in colore rosso.

1980 (insegnamento "rinnovato").

Un contadino vende un sacco di patate per 1000 pesetas. Le sue spese di produzione sono 800 pesetas e il suo guadagno è di 200 pesetas. Sottolinea la parola "patata" e discutine con il tuo compagno.

1990 (insegnamento "riformato").

Supponendo che degli agricoltori vogliano vendere un sacco di patate per 1000 pesetas, fai un sondaggio per determinare il volume della domanda potenziale di patate nel nostro paese. Completa questa ricerca analizzando gli elementi del problema, mettendo in rapporto gli elementi fra loro e cercando il principio del rapporto fra questi elementi. Per finire, fai una tabella a doppio ingresso, indicando in orizzontale, in alto, i nomi degli elementi citati, e in verticale, in basso, diversi modi di cucinare le patate.

Lucio Russo, Segmenti e bastoncini - Dove sta andando la scuola? - Milano 1998

LINK ALLA STORIA ORIGINALE

macfranc

2025-07-13 08:53:53

Il problema delle patate - Una storiella nata in Francia e raccontata da Lucio Russo nel suo "Segmenti e bastoncini" per esemplificare il tracollo della prparazione matematica negli studenti della scuola

@scuola

Per mostrare un esempio del dibattito sul deterioramento dell'insegnamento scientifico, diffuso in termini analoghi in tutto il mondo occidentale, riportiamo la storiella del "problema delle patate", che, nata in Francia, è stata riproposta recentemente in Spagna. [Nota. Il "problema delle patate", ripreso da una rivista spagnola, è stato riproposto in traduzione italiana da Ana Millàn Gasca nel numero marzo-giugno 1996 di "Lettera matematica". Ho abbreviato leggermente il testo. Fine nota.] Si tratta della descrizione delle successive modifiche di un semplice problema di aritmetica.

1960.

Un contadino vende un sacco di patate per 1000 pesetas. Le sue spese di produzione sono i 4/5 del prezzo di vendita. Qual è il suo guadagno?

1970 (insegnamento "tradizionale").

Un contadino vende un sacco di patate per 1000 pesetas. Le sue spese di produzione sono i 4/5 del prezzo di vendita, e cioè 800 pesetas. Qual è il suo guadagno?

1970 (insegnamento "moderno").

Un contadino scambia un insieme P di patate con un insieme M di monete. La cardinalità dell'insieme M è uguale a 1000 e ogni elemento di M vale una peseta. Disegna 1000 grossi punti che rappresentino gli elementi dell'insieme M. L'insieme S delle spese di produzione è un sottoinsieme di M ed è formato da 200 grossi punti in meno di quello dell'insieme M. Rappresenta l'insieme S e rispondi alla domanda seguente: qual è la cardinalità dell'insieme G che rappresenta il guadagno? Disegna G in colore rosso.

1980 (insegnamento "rinnovato").

Un contadino vende un sacco di patate per 1000 pesetas. Le sue spese di produzione sono 800 pesetas e il suo guadagno è di 200 pesetas. Sottolinea la parola "patata" e discutine con il tuo compagno.

1990 (insegnamento "riformato").

Supponendo che degli agricoltori vogliano vendere un sacco di patate per 1000 pesetas, fai un sondaggio per determinare il volume della domanda potenziale di patate nel nostro paese. Completa questa ricerca analizzando gli elementi del problema, mettendo in rapporto gli elementi fra loro e cercando il principio del rapporto fra questi elementi. Per finire, fai una tabella a doppio ingresso, indicando in orizzontale, in alto, i nomi degli elementi citati, e in verticale, in basso, diversi modi di cucinare le patate.

Lucio Russo, Segmenti e bastoncini - Dove sta andando la scuola? - Milano 1998

LINK ALLA STORIA ORIGINALE

Source

• The most data-hungry car app is Mercedes-Benz, which collects 17 different data types, followed by BMW (14), Volkswagen (13), Toyota (12), Hyundai (12), Honda (11), and Ford (10). These seven apps share a common pattern in their data collection practices: they all collect users’ names, email addresses, phone numbers, user IDs, device IDs, product interaction data, and diagnostic data. Additionally, all except Ford also collect location data. This suggests that many leading automakers are building comprehensive user profiles through their apps, likely to enable and enhance a wide range of connected features. > - However, the collection of location data and personal identifiers raises important privacy concerns, particularly if users are not fully aware of how their information is being used and shared or the potential risks involved.
• In contrast, Audi’s app stands out as the least data-hungry, as it does not collect any user data. Tesla and Nissan also collect relatively little information. Tesla gathers two diagnostic data types and one related to product interaction, while Nissan collects the same data types as Tesla, with the addition of the device ID. This suggests that these manufacturers may be adopting a more privacy-conscious approach, either by limiting the functionality of their apps or by intentionally designing them to operate with minimal data collection.
• BMW is the only analyzed app that collects audio data and a list of contacts from the user’s phone, address book, or social graph. Meanwhile, the Volkswagen app is the only one that collects payment information, such as form of payment, payment card number, or bank account number.
• Major data leaks have occurred in the automotive industry in the past, and the more information companies collect, the greater the potential risk if that data is compromised. For example, Toyota experienced a significant data breach in 2024, exposing 240 GB of sensitive customer information, including names, email addresses, physical addresses, and vehicle data. Another data leak affecting 800,000 electric vehicles happened in 2025 to the German company Volkswagen Group. > - The data was stored in Amazon Cloud and included information on the cars’ location, battery levels, and engine activation and deactivation. The group that exposed the leak confirmed that the amassed data on the vehicles was easily accessible and could be matched to car owners’ personal data.
• In 2024, the global sales of the analyzed car brands totaled 38.1 million vehicles. Toyota led with 10.8 million units sold, followed by Ford (4.5M), Hyundai (4.1M), Honda (3.7M), Volkswagen (3.3M), Nissan (3.3M), BMW (2.5M), Mercedes-Benz (2.4M), Tesla (1.8M), and Audi (1.7M). Considering that most official car apps began appearing in the mid-2010s, there are now potentially tens of millions of car owners who could use these apps.