Per la soggettazione del fascicolo n. 2-2025 della Bibliografia Nazionale Italiana, serie Monografie, abbiamo introdotto nel Thesaurus del Nuovo soggettario i seguenti nuovi termini di soggetto:

• Fonti cartografiche IT 2025-1968
• Mercanti bolzanini IT 2025-1421
• Scrittrici italo-canadesi IT 2025-​1784

Per i fascicoli precedenti rimandiamo alla pagina BNI dedicata.

L'articolo BNI notizie 2-2025 proviene da Biblioteca nazionale centrale di Firenze.

Not too long ago, part of using a computer was often finding the correct disk for the application you wanted to run and inserting it into your machine before you could start. With modern storage, this is largely a thing of the past. However, longing for some of that nostalgia, [ItsDanik] has been developing the RFIDisk, a 3D printed floppy drive that can kick off applications when their disk is inserted.

The desktop enclosure is printed to look like a standalone floppy drive, allowing use with either desktops or laptops. There’s the familiar 3.5 inch slot ready for your floppy disk, and there’s also a 1.3 in. OLED display on the front giving you feedback on the status of the RFIDisk — including telling you what’s currently inserted. Inside the enclosure is an Arduino Uno and an MFRC522 RFID reader. As the name would suggest, the way the RFIDisk enclosure reads its media is via NFC, not the traditional magnetic reader. Due to being RFID-based, the disks printed for the RFIDisk are solid without moving parts, but enclose a 25 mm NTAG213 NFC tag.

On the software side, [ItsDanik] has developed the RFIDisk Manager Python application, which is used to tie specific NFC tag IDs to commands to run when that tag is read. The application includes some nice features, such as being able to adjust the commands for both when the disk is first read and when it’s removed from the RFIDisk. You can also change what shows up on the OLED screen when the cartridge is inserted.

Using NFC to simulate physical media is a clever trick we’ve seen before, but if you’re looking for something with a bit more physical engagement, you could always put your USB devices into 3D printed cartridges.

hackaday.com/2025/10/16/rfidis…

Presso la sede della Hefei Zero Square Robot Co., Ltd., è stato presentato un robot capace di svolgere compiti domestici complessi, segnando un nuovo passo nello sviluppo dell’intelligenza incarnata.

All’interno della sala espositiva dell’azienda, i visitatori hanno potuto osservare robot dotati di bracci rotanti impegnati in attività quotidiane come pulire i tavoli, innaffiare le piante e piegare i vestiti. Queste dimostrazioni hanno evidenziato l’elevato livello di precisione e coordinazione raggiunto dai sistemi di controllo e dai meccanismi di manipolazione.

La Hefei Zero Square Robot Co., Ltd. è una realtà specializzata nella ricerca, sviluppo e applicazione di robot umanoidi intelligenti. Il gruppo fondatore proviene dal Laboratorio di Robotica Intelligente della Shenzhen International Graduate School dell’Università Tsinghua, e vanta decenni di esperienza nella progettazione di tecnologie robotiche di base e nella loro implementazione ingegneristica.

Attualmente, l’azienda dispone (riporta xinhuanet.com) di competenze integrate che spaziano dal controllo del movimento alla manipolazione incarnata, includendo robot umanoidi, robot con bracci rotanti e strumenti per l’acquisizione e l’addestramento dei dati.

Parallelamente, il distretto di Baohe, situato a Hefei, sta investendo in modo deciso nello sviluppo dell’intelligenza incarnata. Nel gennaio 2024, ha istituito un team dedicato ai robot umanoidi, con l’obiettivo di promuovere l’innovazione nei componenti chiave e negli algoritmi software.

Questo ecosistema tecnologico ha favorito la nascita e la crescita di numerose imprese appartenenti alla filiera industriale, tra cui Zero Power, Zhongqing, Flexible Ketian, Lingtong, Zhongding Components, Jingke Robotics e Xinghui Sensing. Oggi, oltre 60 aziende specializzate in robotica intelligente operano nel distretto, trasformandolo in uno dei poli emergenti del settore.

Durante la giornata del 13 ottobre, i tecnici della Hefei Zero Square Robot Co., Ltd. hanno inoltre mostrato il controllo remoto dei robot per l’esecuzione di lavori domestici e la raccolta di dati di addestramento, dimostrando il potenziale applicativo di queste tecnologie in contesti reali.

L'articolo In Cina i robot fanno le pulizie: la nuova frontiera dei robot domestici proviene da Red Hot Cyber.

The idea of gamifying all the things might have died down now that the current hype is shoving AI into all the things — but you’ve probably never seen it quite like EmuDevz, a game in which you develop an 8-bit emulator by [Rodrigo Alfonso].

There’s a lot of learning you’ll have to do along the way, about programming and how retro systems work, including diving into 6502 assembly code. Why 6502? Well, the emulator you’re working on (it’s partially-written at the start of the game; you need only debug and finish the job) is for a fantasy system called the NEEES “an antique game console released in 1983”. It’s the NEEES and not NES for two reasons. One, Nintendo has lawyers and they really, really know how to use them. Two, by creating a fantasy console that is not-quite-a-Famicom, the goalposts for EmuDevz can be moved a bit closer in.

The in-game emulator will handle most NES behavior, assuming you do your part correctly. A selection of homebrew NES games is included with EmuDevz, and they all run fine. A neat touch is giving you the ROMs for offline use as rewards when you get them running correctly. If some edge cases and exotic behaviours get left behind in the interests of simplicity, just remember– it’s not a NES, it’s a NEEES, and who can say? Perhaps this simplified system is exactly how it worked in the alternate universe where this game is set.

Aside from the invaluable assembly code, the work is done in JavaScript, which might not be everybody’s cup of tea. On the other hand, the whole thing is open-source (MIT license for the code, CC for the content) so if you really, really hate JS but love the idea of a learning game like this, you could fork to the language of your choice and learn even more.

Regardless of the language used, we like this model and think the “game where you learn to make games” is a great educational model for programming skills that ought to be used more often. For an idea of what it looks like, check out the trailer below.

Thanks to [Rodrigo Alfonso] for the tip. If you’ve got a great gamified learning tool — or any other cool hack, for that matter — the tips line is fun and rewarding, even if we haven’t tried to gamify it.

youtube.com/embed/sBhFulSp4KQ?…

hackaday.com/2025/10/16/emudev…

Il 15 ottobre, oltre alla tanto decantata soluzione NVIDIA DGX Spark, creata in collaborazione tra NVIDIA e Mediatek, un altro mini acceleratore AI ha fatto capolino nel mondo: il GIGABYTE ATOM.

GIGABYTE Technology, ha annunciato il lancio ufficiale del suo AI TOP ATOM, una piattaforma basata sul superchip NVIDIA Grace Blackwell GB10, la stessa del DGX Spark.

Questa soluzione innovativa presenta un design leggero compatibile con l’alimentazione domestica standard e viene fornita con lo stack software NVIDIA AI preinstallato, offrendo potenti prestazioni di elaborazione, rendendola una piattaforma ideale per la prototipazione, la messa a punto e l’inferenza dell’IA.

L’AI TOP ATOM è dotato di 128 GB di memoria di sistema condivisa unificata, espandibile fino a 4 TB di storage SSD, e offre fino a 1 petaFLOP di prestazioni di elaborazione AI FP4, supportando l’elaborazione locale di modelli linguistici di grandi dimensioni con un massimo di 200 miliardi di parametri.

Per applicazioni avanzate, gli utenti possono collegare due AI TOP ATOM tramite NVIDIA ConnectX-7, superando i limiti di un singolo sistema e scalando per eseguire modelli AI con un massimo di 405 miliardi di parametri tramite cluster computing per gestire carichi di lavoro AI ad alta intensità.

Per fornire una soluzione completa per lo sviluppo di intelligenza artificiale generativa, AI TOP ATOM integra lo stack software AI di NVIDIA, offrendo un’ampia gamma di strumenti, framework di sviluppo e librerie per accelerare lo sviluppo di progetti di intelligenza artificiale.

Questa soluzione incorpora anche l’esclusivo software AI TOP Utility di GIGABYTE, che, attraverso la sua interfaccia intuitiva, supporta applicazioni di fine-tuning, inferenza, deployment e machine learning (ML) basate su Large Language Model (LLM) e Large Multimodal Model (LMM), garantendo al contempo la privacy e la sicurezza dei dati locali.

Che tu sia uno sviluppatore di intelligenza artificiale, un ricercatore, uno studente o un istituto scolastico, GIGABYTE AI TOP ATOM offre una soluzione scalabile ed economica per accelerare l’innovazione nell’intelligenza artificiale. Per ulteriori informazioni sul prodotto, visita il sito web ufficiale di GIGABYTE e verifica la disponibilità presso i distributori e i rivenditori locali.

L'articolo L’era dei Supercomputer in una mano sta arrivando! GIGABYTE ATOM: Un petaflop e 128 GB a tutta AI proviene da Red Hot Cyber.

Il 15 ottobre 2025 segna un anniversario di eccezionale rilievo nella storia della sicurezza nazionale italiana: cento anni dalla nascita del Servizio Informazioni Militare (SIM), primo servizio di intelligence del Paese, istituito nel 1925 con regio decreto.

Il SIM nacque con l’obiettivo di unificare le strutture informative di Esercito, Marina e Aeronautica, ponendo le basi per un sistema coordinato di tutela della sicurezza dello Stato.

Da quel momento, l’intelligence italiana ha attraversato un secolo di profonde trasformazioni, passando dalle sue origini militari del primo dopoguerra all’attuale Sistema di informazione per la sicurezza della Repubblica, definito dalla legge n. 124 del 2007.

Questa evoluzione ha accompagnato i momenti più significativi della storia nazionale, dalla nascita della Repubblica alle grandi sfide internazionali contemporanee.

L’intelligence, nel corso del tempo, ha consolidato un ruolo centrale nel garantire la sicurezza delle istituzioni democratiche, la protezione dei cittadini e la collaborazione internazionale contro minacce globali e conflitti emergenti. Le sue attività, sempre più integrate con quelle dei partner esteri, si fondano oggi sui principi di legalità, trasparenza e difesa dei valori costituzionali.

Le celebrazioni del Centenario

Per celebrare il traguardo del Centenario, è stato predisposto un programma di iniziative istituzionali finalizzato a valorizzare il contributo dell’Intelligence al Paese e a rafforzare la consapevolezza pubblica del suo ruolo strategico.

Tra le iniziative spiccano l’emissione di un francobollo commemorativo all’interno della serie “Eccellenze del sistema produttivo e del Made in Italy” e la coniazione di una moneta celebrativa a tiratura limitata.

L’incontro al Quirinale

In occasione di questo importante anniversario, il Presidente della Repubblica Sergio Mattarella ha ricevuto al Quirinale una delegazione dei Servizi di intelligence italiani.

All’incontro hanno partecipato il Sottosegretario di Stato alla Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri e Autorità delegata per la Sicurezza della Repubblica, Alfredo Mantovano, il Direttore generale del Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza (DIS), Vittorio Rizzi, il Direttore dell’Agenzia per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Esterna (AISE), Giovanni Caravelli e il Direttore dell’Agenzia per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Interna (AISI), Bruno Valensise.

L’incontro ha rappresentato un momento di riconoscimento per un secolo di impegno costante a tutela della Repubblica, nel segno di un’intelligence sempre più moderna, civile e orientata al servizio dei cittadini.

L'articolo 100 anni di Intelligence italiana! Mattarella celebra il centenario del SIM al Quirinale proviene da Red Hot Cyber.

If fewer newspapers exist to request public records, does the government become less transparent? That’s the question at the heart of “Dark Deserts,” a new research paper by David Cuillier of the Freedom of Information Project at the Brechner Center for Advancement of the First Amendment and law student Brett Posner-Ferdman.

Cuillier, who’s taught more than 10,000 journalists, students, and citizens how to wrest public records from government agencies, told us about what he and Posner-Ferdman found and what it means for the public’s right to know.

Let’s start with the big finding of “Dark Deserts”: States with fewer local papers and weaker press associations are more likely to break public records laws. Why does that matter for everyday people?

This is incredibly important for all of us because we are reaching the transparency tipping point — where we will lose any effective ability to see what our governments are up to.

We know from research that public record laws directly lead to less corruption, cleaner drinking water, and safer restaurants. According to Stanford economist James Hamilton’s research, for every dollar spent on public records journalism, society benefits $287 in saved lives and more efficient government. Freedom of information ensures concrete benefits for all of us.

Yet, we are losing it very quickly. According to the Department of Justice’s own statistics, if you asked for a record in 2011, you would get it about 38% of the time. Now it’s down to 12%. We see the same downward trends in the states. What happens when it gets to 0%?

The death of transparency will affect all of us in the pocketbook, in the quality of government services we receive, and in the loss of liberties we hold sacred as Americans.

The death of transparency will affect all of us in the pocketbook, in the quality of government services we receive, and in the loss of liberties we hold sacred as Americans.

David Cuillier

Surprisingly, you found that having more digital-only media outlets doesn’t result in better public records request compliance. Why do you think that is, and what advice would you give to digital outlets trying to hold government accountable?

It is difficult to know for sure. For one, there aren’t as many data points to effectively measure their effects as well as we would like. For example, the Institute for Nonprofit News membership stands at about 500 so far and there are 3,143 counties in the country. A strong, local, independent digital outlet might have an effect on local compliance with public record laws, but there probably aren’t enough to have an impact on state agencies.

Also, while many are doing great work, I suspect they have less influence at a statewide level than newspapers. A lot of digital-only outlets don’t have the funds to sue for public records. Also, my sense is that government officials don’t take digital-only media outlets as seriously, and that politicians are essentially blowing them off and not considering them “real” journalism. That is too bad, because many are doing better journalism than legacy media.

Digital-only outlets will need to double down on public records. And support organizations like Freedom of the Press Foundation, Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, MuckRock, state FOI coalitions, and others can help.

Beyond subscribing to their community’s newspaper or supporting funding for journalism, what can people who care about press freedom and transparency do to encourage state governments to take their public record laws seriously?

Of course, write to your local city council, legislator, governor, and congressional representatives. They listen if enough people speak up. But everyone says that, right? And how many people actually act?

The solutions will take much more work than strongly worded letters. It’s time for other institutions to fill the gap. Nonprofits with an agenda are probably our last hope — American Oversight, Heritage Foundation, Judicial Watch, ACLU, League of Women Voters, etc. A new citizen-driven nonprofit in Jacksonville, “Nassau County DOGE,” has been pushing for public records. Environmental groups and those seeking police reform and rights for transgender Americans are pushing for records. Whatever your passion is, join an organization that will fight for your right to know.

The solutions will take much more work than strongly worded letters. It’s time for other institutions to fill the gap.

David Cuillier

Then, we need strong coordinating bodies, such as state freedom of information coalitions, to help direct these energies toward real legislative reform and litigation. One thing I’ve noticed is that all it takes is one or two passionate people in a state to make a huge difference in freedom of information. It really is doable!

What states have the strongest public records law, and what sets them apart? If you had the power to rewrite public records laws, what’s the one thing you’d add or fix right away?

No state is perfect. But most of the studies indicate that the states with the best compliance overall with public record laws tend to be Washington, Idaho, Connecticut, and some others. The most effective changes to public records laws rely on four things.

First, we need mandatory attorney fee-shifting in every state, where agencies are required to cover the attorney fees of people who sue for public records and prevail. In the third of the states that have this, there are attorneys happy to sue on behalf of journalists and others, with the hope they will get paid.

Second, strong financial penalties for noncompliance are critically important. Washington is probably the most transparent state overall, because if an agency breaks the law, is sued, and loses, it can be forced to pay up to $100 per record per day that it dinged the requester around. That can add up to hundreds of thousands of dollars.

Third, elimination of search and redaction fees, which are abused terribly. There are some countries where no fees are charged at all, and it works very well. In reality, fees collect very little of the actual cost of administering public record laws — less than 1%-3% according to most studies. Yet, they are wielded by agencies to make people go away, particularly journalists.

Lastly, and probably most importantly, we need alternative enforcement mechanisms in addition to court. Not everyone can afford to hire an attorney and sue. We need independent information commissions in every state to enforce the law and punish bad agencies, as they have in Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, and in more than 51 nations across the planet.

You’re also a member of the federal Freedom of Information Act Advisory Committee. What’s something you’d fix in the federal FOIA?

So many fixes, so little time.

The FOIA Advisory Committee, since its inception in 2014, has provided 67 recommendations to improve the law and process, yet the most substantive suggestions have mostly been ignored. Amendments every decade or so tweak the law but are insufficient in keeping up with increasing secrecy.

I’ve noticed that in Washington, D.C., there tends to be a culture of exceptionalism, that we are the king of democracy in the world and have the best law on the books. In reality, FOIA’s strength on paper is rated in the bottom half of the 140 nations that have public record laws — 78th, to be exact. That is embarrassing. So many improvements could be made if we swallow our pride and look to other countries for guidance.

FOIA’s strength on paper is rated in the bottom half of the 140 nations that have public record laws — 78th, to be exact. That is embarrassing.

David Cuillier

For example, we need an independent agency with the power to enforce the law on behalf of citizens, like we see in dozens of other countries. We need stiff penalties — even firing and jail time — for intentional noncompliance of FOIA, as they have in Ghana, Barbuda, and Finland. We need direct funding of FOIA offices by Congress to carry out the FOIA mission, particularly now as agencies are gutting staff. We need better technology to search for records and redact. We need FOIA to be applied to all branches of government, and to private corporations that conduct taxpayer-funded business on behalf of the government, as in South Africa, Armenia, and Colombia.

A lot of people consider these ideas extreme, yet they are common in other countries. We can do better.

freedom.press/issues/public-re…

What has the EDRi network been up to over the summer? Find out the latest digital rights news in our bi-weekly newsletter. In this edition: Digital protection at stakes – and how we are fighting back.

The post EDRi-gram, 16 October 2025 appeared first on European Digital Rights (EDRi).

On 2 October 2025, the Dutch court made clear that users should be in control of content they see on Meta’s apps. In a landmark victory for digital rights, the judge sided with Bits of Freedom against Meta, ruling that the company is violating the law and it has to adjust its app to respect users’ choices.

The post Judge in the Bits of Freedom vs. Meta lawsuit: Meta must respect users’ choice appeared first on European Digital Rights (EDRi).

ECNL, Liberties and the Hungarian Civil Liberties Union called on the EU to protect Pecs Pride participants from AI surveillance.

The post The Commission must uphold the AI Act and fundamental freedoms in Hungary appeared first on European Digital Rights (EDRi).

Despite its somewhat disappointing enforcement so far, the EU’s Digital Market Act has become a global role model for modern antitrust policy. While Europe figures out its implementation, we should already work on expanding the law’s scope and strengthen its provisions. Here is how to make the DMA even better.

The post The DMA is a success, it should be strengthened and expanded appeared first on European Digital Rights (EDRi).

Abbiamo avuto modo di ascoltare le parole della Ministra Roccella sui Viaggi della Memoria, ridotti nella sua narrazione a semplici “Gite ad Auschwitz”. Evidentemente la Ministra non ha mai partecipato ad uno di essi, perché altrimenti saprebbe che le società storiche, che si occupano della formazione degli studenti e delle studentesse prima del viaggio, si soffermano sempre sulla storia dell’antisemitismo in Europa e di come si sia arrivati a considerarlo un pilastro fondante in alcune ideologie politiche. Esattamente Ministra, perché per il Nazismo prima, e per il Fascismo poi, adeguandosi alla volontà dell’alleato, l’antisemitismo era una base importante per mantenere il potere.

Al contempo, forse, la Ministra nasconde dietro l’accusa di odio religioso (antisemitismo) la volontà di censurare la critica all’agire politico di uno Stato nazionalista (antisionismo) come previsto dal DDL 1627, un’equiparazione e una pulizia della coscienza inaccettabile. Già, perché a firmare le Leggi Razziali, vorremmo ricordare, non furono Pertini o Gramsci, ma personaggi come Almirante il quale scriveva: “Il razzismo ha da essere cibo di tutti e per tutti, se veramente vogliamo che in Italia ci sia, e sia viva in tutti, la coscienza della razza”. Nello stesso articolo, uscito nel 1942, parlava degli ebrei come persone che simulavano l’essere italiani e che andavano ricercati perché avevano avuto l’ardire di mischiarsi, come i meticci, con il sangue italiano. I Viaggi della Memoria servono a questo, a capire la Storia, a non ripeterla, ad ammettere che in Italia l’odio razziale verso gli ebrei è esistito soprattutto sotto il fascismo che lo vedeva come un’estensione della lotta al comunismo militante, seguendo così le teorie naziste.

Proprio per questo, nella giornata di ieri, il gruppo “Verdi e Possibile” ha presentato un OdG urgente a firma del nostro consigliere Alessandro Miglioli in cui si chiedeva di prendere le distanze dalle affermazioni della Ministra. La Storia è una materia delicata che va capita e non abusata per lanciare la palla da una parte all’altra del campo politico o per ripulire la propria memoria storica fondata sulla violenza e sull’odio.

L'articolo Roccella sui viaggi della Memoria: un ODG a Reggio Emilia proviene da Possibile.